• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.98 no.4
• /
• pp.458-463
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes of surface runoff by comparisons between burned and unburned area after forest fire. The amount of surface runoff in burned area was more high 1.72 times in the year of fire, 1.44 times in one year later, 1.38 times in five years later and 1.16 times in ten years later than those of unburned area. Therefore, surface runoff in the burned area almost tended to be stabilized like unburned area ten year later after forest fire. The most affecting factors on the amount of surface runoff in burned and unburned area were number of unit rainfall, number of rainfall accumulated and unit rainfall. But coverage was shown to mitigate the amount of surface runoff in burned and unburned area.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.34-48
• /
• 1999

본 연구는 주요 조경수목에 대한 생장예측모델을 추정하여 적정 식재간격을 산정하기 위해 실시하였다. 조경식재에서 많이 사용되는 9개 수종을 대상으로 수종별 30주 이상씩의 개체를 선정한 후, 상관성이 높은 측정변수 간에 회귀분석을 실시하여 생장예측모델을 추정하였다. 그리고 서울 시내 2개 아파트단지 녹지를 사례연구지로 선정하여 생육상태를 파악하고 모델과 비교하였다. 전체적으로 교목층 위주의 식재로 인해 식재밀도가 과밀하여 수관이 왜곡되고 기형적으로 생장하는 현상이 발생하고 있는 바, 수관중복률과 수관왜곡률을 분석한 결과에 의하면 현재의 식재간격이 매우 조밀한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 결론적으로 시간경과에 따른 주요 조경수종의 규격별 생장예측을 통해 목표년도별 적정 식재간격을 제안하였는데, 목표년도를 식재 후 5년으로 본다면 상록교목은 2.0m, 낙엽교목은 3.0~4.0m, 낙엽아교목은 2.0~2.5m의 식재간격이 적당하고, 식재 후 10년을 목표년도로 한다면 상록교목의 경우 3.0m, 낙엽교목은 4.0~6.0m, 낙엽교목은 2.5~3.0m의 간격을 유지하여야 한다. 한편, 본 연구의 결과와 서울시 조례기준 식재밀도를 비교하였는데, 식재후 5년이 경과한 시점에서는 0.23본/m2, 10년 경과시점에서는 0.12본/m2이 적정 식재밀도로 밝혀져 현재 0.2본/m2으로 정하고 있는 서울시 교목식재 관련 기준은 5년 정도를 목표시점으로 한다면 적절한 수준임을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 식재 후 10년이 경과하면 수관중복률이 25%를 초과하게 되므로 쾌적한 녹지환경을 유지하기 위해 반드시 적절한 관리를 실시해야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.123-131
• /
• 2023

In this study, the analysis of concrete cracks was conducted with a total of three variables: coating thickness, oxygen diffusion rate, and reinforced diameter of reinforced concrete structures. Cracks occurred after about 3, 4, and 6 years at the coating thickness of 30, 40, and 50mm when the coating thickness was used as a variable, and cracks occurred after about 4, 5, and 10 years at oxygen diffusivity of 2e-9, 2e-11, and 2e-12(m²/s) when the oxygen diffusion rate was used as a variable. In the case of reinforcing bar diameters, cracks occurred after about 4, 3, and 2 years on the reinforcing bar diameters of D10, D19, and D25.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 2004

We developed the estimation model for the vegetation developmental processes on the severely burned slope areas after forest fire in the east coastal region, Korea. And we calculated the vegetation indices as a useful parameter for the development of land management technique in the burned area and suggested the changes of the vegetation indices after forest fire. In order to estimate the woody standing biomass in the burned area, allometric equations of the 17 woody species regenerated by sprouter were investigated. According to the our results, twenty year after forest fire need for the development to the normal forest formed by 4 stratum structure, tree, sub-tree, shrub and herb layer. The height of top vegetation layer, basal area and standing biomass of woody species show a tendency to increase linearly, and the ground vegetation coverage and litter layer show a tendency to increase logarithmically after forest fire. Among vegetation indices, Ive and Ivcd show a tendency to increase logarithmically, and Hcl and Hcdl show a tendency to increase linearly after forest fire. The spatial variation of the most vegetation factors was observed in the developmental stages less than the first 5 years which were estimated secondary disaster by soil erosion after forest fire. Among vegetation indices, Ivc and Ivcd were the good indices for the representation of the spatial heterogeneity in the earlier developmental stages, and Hcl and Hcdl were the useful indices for the long-term estimation of the vegetation development after forest fire.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.259-266
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to survey the effects of convergence factors and time elapsed after kidney transplantation on self-care adherence. The study included 235 patients; the data was collected from September, to October, 2014. Old age, female gender and duration of transplantation were identified as factors significantly affecting self-care adherence. Self-care adherence also showed significant differences depending on the elapsed time, and the decrease in self-care compliance was most evident between 1 and 5 years after kidney transplantation. Therefore, development of a nursing strategy that would provide education and self-care improvement programs is needed to improve self-care based on convergence factors and elapsed time.

• 프린팅코리아
• /
• v.11 no.12
• /
• pp.116-119
• /
• 2012

2012년 한국인쇄학회 추계학술논문발표회가 지난 11월 2일 동국대학교 문화관 덕암세미나실에서 열렸다. 올해 창립 30주년을 맞은 한국인쇄학회는 이번 추계학술논문발표회에서 Reverse Offset에서 잉크전이 유동에 관한 시뮬레이션 연구, 그라비어 오프셋 인쇄에 의한 미세전극용 Ag Paste 개발, 국내 하프톤 스크린 인쇄를 위한 최적의 스크린 망사 선택 방법에 관한 연구, 친환경과 표준인쇄를 고려한 인쇄 최적화에 관한 연구 등을 발표했다. 본지에서는 김준곤, 구철회, 조가람(부경대학교 공과대학 인쇄정보공학과)의 '친환경과 표준인쇄를 고려한 인쇄 최적화에 관한 연구'를 게재한다.

• Nuclear industry
• /
• v.17 no.7 s.173
• /
• pp.28-35
• /
• 1997

• Water for future
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.71-73
• /
• 1998

• Water for future
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 1997

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.266-269
• /
• 2010

Purpose: We report case of neglected elbow dislocation for three years. Material and method: A 45 years old female patient presented with neglected elbow dislocation for three years. Since the patient had contracture in both lateral and medial collateral ligament of elbow, dissection was done. After total separation of posterior articular capsule and incision of anterior articular capsule, by manual manipulation, reduction of radiohumeral and ulnohumeral joints were obtained. We applied modified Morrey type hinged external fixation in the elbow and done early elbow exercise. Result and Conclusion: Since we have experienced a satisfactory result in the case with neglected elbow dislocation for 3 years by using open reduction and hinged external fixation, we report it with the literature.