• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.55-67
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• 2014

The historic cultural landscape of East lake in Kyung river area during Joseon dynasty was very outstanding that it had many attractions of scenic beauty, however, the Han river of today is being recognized as a natural landscape and as a place with low cultural and historical traits. This study applied landscape characteristics of the cultural space of Joseon Dynasty on visual image elements of Lynch to research the landscape characteristics. The research results are as follows. When East lake was applied to visual image elements, it was recognized as a 'superb' 'paths,' and the 'edge' which signifies the boundary showed its 'superb' clarity of the East lake. For the 'node,' a turning point of direction, Dumopo represented the 'superb' awareness. As East lake, Apgujung, and Jecheonjung represented the 'superb' awareness when 'landmark' among visual image elements of Lynch was applied to the cultural space, the awareness level and reputation were proportional to the visual image elements. When pattern, structure, and meaning of the cultural space were clear and had definite identity, the 'landmark' and 'district' elements were 'superb.' It was also identified that when awareness level of space was higher, the awareness of historic cultural landscape was high as well. Therefore, considering visual awareness level of the historic cultural landscape of Han river during restoration to investigate and to conduct case studies is considered to increase the awareness level of historicity and cultural character as well as restoration of the place.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 1981

재래적 자동차의 구동계통은 동력원 즉 engine이 앞에 위치하고 뒤에서 미는 순서로 되어 있다. 그러므로 engine 과 차축을 연결하는 이 축(또는 구동계통)은 engine으로 부터의 힘을 차축으로 전달하는 역할을 하며 기본적으로 비틀상태의 반성부재로서 비교적 큰 회전 insertia를 받게 된다. 구동축은 한 개 또는 그 이상의 universal joint와 solid 상태 또는 관으로 된 축으로 조립 되어 있다. 그리하여 축방향의 동작을 통해서 토오크를 전달하고 일정한 각도 또는 변화되는 각도에서 회전운동을 한다. 차축은 차체 spring을 통해서 부쳐져 있으므로 주행중 구동축은 축 방향의 길이의 변화가 있게 되며 따라서 연결돤 각동작이 일어나며 이를 위해서는 universal joint가 필요하게 되며 따라서 전륜구동차에서도 필요하다. 자동차에 적용되고 있는 구동적에는 두가지 기본형이 있는데 torque tube형 구동방법과 hotchkiss형(또는 open driveline형) 구동방 법이다. Torque tube형 구동방식은 근래에는 사라져 가고 있는데 그 주요원인은 구동계통에서 발생되는 소음이 튜브를 통해 증축 전달되며 수리비용이 비교적 큰 때문이다. 이에 비해 open driveline형의 이점은 제조원가가 낮고, 용이하게 제조할 수 있으며, 종량이 경강되며 장착하기 에도 용이한 점들이다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.223-229
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• 2003

The sliding wear characteristics of the crane sheave were investigated using a pin-on-disk rig tester. The experiment was conducted using a high carbon steel wire that was upper material, also carbon steel castings that was disk material. There are various operating conditions in this work. At the room temperature, we carried out the wear test under a grease lubrication and dry condition. The results of wear test showed that an annealed-casted have lower, also the wear curves are linearly increased with increasing of sliding distance. For the specific wear rate of annealed-casted, the wear resistance was increased with decreasing diameter of wire. The wear of a wire and a disk have a different mechanism, the one is the abrasive wear due to fatigue wear under lubrication, another is the adhesion wear under dry condition.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1873-1880
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• 2003

The sliding wear characteristics of the crane sheave were investigated using a pin on disk rig tester. The experiment was conducted using a high carbon steel wire that was upper material, also carbon steel castings that was disk material. There are various operating conditions in this work. At the room temperature, we carried out the wear test under a grease lubrication and dry condition. The results of wear test showed that an annealed-casted have lower, also the wear curves are linearly increased with increasing of sliding distance. For the specific wear rate of annealed-casted, the wear resistance was increased with decreasing diameter of wire. The wear of a wire and a disk have a different mechanism, the one is the abrasive wear due to fatigue wear under lubrication, another is the adhesion wear under dry condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.319-326
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• 2001

The sliding wear characteristics of carbon steel castings were Investigated using a ball on disk type tester. The experiment was conducted using high carbon steel wire rods as ball material and carbon steel castings as disk material and different operating conditions, at room temperature under a lubrication and dry conditions. The results showed that the carbon steel castings appeared average wear volume Is lowed after annealing under a lubrication conditions and wear curve linear Increased. The specific wear rate of carbon steel castings Increased with wire diameter lubrication and dry also Increased 125 times In Ory. The sliding wear mechanism were Investigated due to fatigue wear lubrications and abrasive wear dries also wire Included fatigue and abrasive wear by plastic flow.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.440-452
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• 2019

This research has analyzed SI, the traditional steel, and SIHS(SI + HS), SICS(SI + CS), and SINiS(SI + NiS), the materials that were produced through welding and reprocessing three modern steel- HS, CS, and NiS- that have different carbon content. The purpose of the analyzation was to improve the definition of the multi-layered pattern that appears in the forging process. In observing modified structures on the commissures of three modern steel that have different carbon component to the SI, SINiS produced the most significant multi-layered pattern as well as the excellent welding quality. The excellent welding quality was due to the content of nickel which helped the forge welding process with other materials. There was no significant difference in crystal grain per materials, and SICS showed the highest hardness. At the measurement of EPMA for commissures of the materials, SINiS showed the highest definition of the multi-layered pattern due to the nickel and carbon content. The results above showed that the carbon steel with nickel content is the best material for the most definite multi-layered pattern, expressed from the multi-layered structure which is a characteristic of traditional forge welding technology. It is expected that the result of this research can be utilized as the technical data in further researches regarding the relics excavated from ancient welding process and their multi-layered structure and patterns.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1533-1541
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• 1990

Cubic boron nitride (CBN) is known the second hardest material followed diamond and was provided industry as an abrasive grain in the late 1960's. Since the introduction of CBN, a large amount of research has been carried out to determine the best application condition for grinding operation. Despite the advantages in its characteristics, CBN has not yet gained full acceptance as more excellent abrasive grain than traditional one. The reason for this state is that the surface roughness ground by CBN is worse than by traditional one and dressing and truing is very difficult. This led user's resistance to the use of CBN as an abrasive grain. Present study is to investigate the cause of lower surface roughness ground by CBN single crystal abrasive grain comparing with traditional one.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.49-60
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• 2009

In order to develop a new rockfall protection fence using high carbon steel wire rod (HSWR) material instead of the conventional wire rope material, the author has conducted the laboratory strength tests of both materials and their connections, and carried out evaluation of absorbing rockfall energy through the vertical field rockfall tests. The vertical filed rockfall tests showed that the new rockfall protection fence with 12 rows of the HSWR could absorb more rockfall energy than 50 kJ which stands for the typical design criteria. In addition, when the quantity of HSWR was increased up to the 16 rows, the capacity of absorbing energy was greatly improved. The new rockfall protection fence was successfully applied to the highway rock-cut slope. As a result of the filed application, its constructability was similar to the conventional fence, but its total image was improved as simple and clean. The total construction cost was saved up to 20% in comparison with the conventional one.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.910-920
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• 2008

In Korea, more than 70% of the territory consists of mountains. Therefore, the construction of roads and railways has generally involved with a steep rock slope in which the event of rockfalls are often occurred due to the weathered rock conditions and rainfalls etc. This is dangerous when the rock falls into the road and railway on which vehicles and trains are running. In order to prevent such rockfalls, the rockfall protection fence consisting of post, wire rope, and PVC coating steel net has most used at the bottom of rock slopes. In a general practice, an absorbing rockfall energy, 50kJ is specified by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation. However, questions still remain about whether the rockfall protection fence works effectively or not. In this study, a typical wire rope used in the standard rockfall protection fence was replaced by the high carbon steel wire rod and to validate its capacity of rockfall energy absorbing the field rockfall tests were conducted. The testing results show that a new rockfall protection fence using the high carbon steel wire rods can absorb the rockfall energy more than 50kJ and 20% of construction cost was saved in comparison with the previous rockfall protection fence.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1993.05a
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• pp.102-102
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• 1993

Deep neck infections, which affect soft tissue and facial compartment of head and neck, may cause life-threatening complications despite the advent of antibiotics. The authors recently experienced 19 cases of these infections at Daegu Catholic Hospital and the following results were obtained. 1.The age of onset was from two to sixty one with the mean age of thirty nine, and 13 cases(68%) were male and 6 cases(32%) were female. 2.The sites of infections were submandibular space 11 cases(58%), parapharyngeal space 7 cases(37%), and retropharyngeal space 1 case(5%). 3.The isolated organisms of 12 cases were 6 cases(50%) of hemolytic streptococcus, 3 cases(25 %) of staphylococcus aureus, 3 cases(25 %) of no growth. 4.Without any remarkable complications, all cases were treated with a) surgical drainage with antibiotic therapy 13 cases(68%) b) conservative management 6 cases(32%)