• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.427-438
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of SW education applying CSCL based design thinking on elementary school students' creativity and problem solving skills. The study was conducted on 28 elementary school students in grades 4,5,6 participated in J university-sponsored educational donation program during the winter break. A SW education program based on design thinking was developed and applied to experimental group. First, we conducted a pre-test to check creativity and problem solving skills. After that, SW education program applying CSCL-based design thinking was conducted for 42 hours. Finally, post-test was conducted to examine creativity and problem solving skills. As a creativity test tool, the TTCT pattern test forms A and B of Torrance were used and analyzed. As the problem solving skills test tool, the problem solving skills test for the elementary school students developed as a life-ability measurement tool were used and analyzed. As a result of the verification, it was found that SW education applying design thinking was effective in improving elementary school students' creativity and problem solving skills.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.766-770
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• 2003

XML이 표준화 제정될 당시 XML문서의 구조를 정의하기 위해 DTD를 사용하였다 DTD는 XML의 전신인 SGML에서부터 사용되어 왔으며 여러 훌륭한 기능을 지원하고있다. 그러나 DTD는 그 고유의 형식으로 이루어져있어 XML 개발자는 XML구문분석기 이외에 DTD 구문분석기를 별도로 개발하여야하고, DTD는 지원하는 데이터 형식에 제한이 있으며, 데이터 값의 범위 등을 설정할 수 없어 XML 문서의 유효성 검사에 제한이 많다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 W3C에서는 XMLSchema를 제정하였다. DTD의 구문을 XML Schema로 모델링하였고, XML 문서에서 XML스키마를 적용하기 위한 도구와 DTD의 XMLSchema변환을 효과적으로 생성할 수 있는 GUI기반 XMLSchema Tool을 설계, 구현하였다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.15A no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2008

Message races should be detected for debugging effectively message-passing programs because they can cause non-deterministic executions of a program. Previous tools for detecting message races report that message races occur in every receive operation which is expected to receive any messages. However message races might not occur in the receive operation if each of messages is transmitted through a different logical communication channel so that their incorrect detection makes it a difficult task for programmers to debug programs. In this paper we suggest a tool, MPIRace-Check, which can exactly detect message races by checking the concurrency between send/receive operations, and by inspecting the logical communication channels of the messages. To detect message races, this tool uses the vector timestamp to check if send and receive operations are concurrent during an execution of a program and it also uses the message envelop to inspect if the logical communication channels of transmitted messages are the same. In our experiment, we show that our tool can exactly detect message races with efficiency using MPI_RTED and a benchmark program. By detecting message races exactly, therefore, our tool enables programmers to develop reliable parallel programs reducing the burden of debugging.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.253-267
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• 2014

This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of the mathematics teacher's training program: whether the training program is effective to improve mathematics teachers' professional competency of the developing assessment instrument (including items) or not. The teachers who were attendee of the program did pre-test before the program and post-test after the program. They wrote the opinions on the pre-developed items which had many errors in the beginning and discussed their opinions each others in the middle of program. The differences between pre-test and post-test and between opinions in the beginning and in the middle were analysed. The first result of the study is that the teacher's professional competency which is evaluated as self-perceived points is improved with regard to understanding the standardized test, item difficulty and item discrimination. Secondly, the proportion of the opinion with concrete reasons is increased as the program progressed. Thirdly, the effective elements of the program are the discussion in the group, discussion between groups, and feedback from the instructor. But the ineffective element of the program is the insufficient time for practicing.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.01a
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• pp.117-123
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• 2010

시대의 흐름에 따라 온라인 게임 중독 증상을 보이는 초등학생의 수가 증가하고 있다. 또한 온라인 게임 과몰입 청소년은 학교 및 일상생활에 많은 문제를 보이고 있으므로, 적절한 검사를 통해 가려내어 교육 및 치료를 꼭 해야 할 것이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 본 논문에서는 정보 윤리학을 기반으로 온라인 게임 중독 초등학생을 유형별로 가려내기 위해, 보다 개선된 척도의 개발과 적용을 다루고 있다. 본 모형의 장점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기존 척도에 비해 검사 문항별 관련 도덕 항목을 구체적으로 제시하여 검사 후 교육에 도움을 줄 수 있다. 둘째, 기존 척도에 비해 항목을 보다 구체적으로 제시하여 정확한 검사가 이루어질 수 있도록 하였다. 개선된 검사도구로 실제로 측정해 본 결과, 서울 S초등학교 5학년 학생 중 고위험 사용자는 12%이며, 대부분의 학생들이 일반 또는 저위험 사용자에 속하는 결과를 알 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2017.07a
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• pp.203-206
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• 2017

교육부에 따르면 초등학교에서의 프로그래밍 영역 교육 목표는 간단한 프로그래밍의 체험과 문제의 이해이다. 체험적 성격을 가진 프로그래밍 교육은 학습자의 프로그래밍에 대한 학습 동기를 유발시켜야 하며, 이는 중 고등학교에서 프로그래밍을 통해 문제를 해결하는 밑바탕이 된다. 이를 통해 학습자들은 프로그래밍에 대한 학습을 지속하고자 하는 생각을 가질 것이며, 이를 위해서는 실제적으로 학습지속의향을 향상시키는 콘텐츠들의 개발이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 초등학생이 프로그래밍 학습을 하고 이를 지속하고자 하는 의도를 얼마나 가지는지를 측정하는 프로그래밍 학습지속의향 검사 도구를 제안하였으며, 그 타당성과 신뢰도를 검증하였다.

• School Mathematics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.267-287
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• 2017

Fostering students' positive affect related to mathematics such as attitudes toward mathematics and dispositions toward learning mathematical concepts is one of the major goals of school mathematics programs. In this study, we collected data from students at the 4-1 grade levels to develop an instrument that measures students' affect regarding mathematics learning. To develop the instrument, we first conducted focus group interviews, which we recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. We sorted the results according to seven components of the non-cognitive domain of mathematics learning, which drew from taxonomical constructs of previous research. We then conducted a pilot study in which we administered the instrument as a pretest and a posttest. We chose the final items based on confirmatory factor analysis and a reliability test of the pre and posttest scores. The final instrument contains 24 items, which are classified according to the seven components: interest, attitudes, value, external motivation, internal motivation, learning conation, and efficacy. We anticipate this instrument will be useful for studies that need to measure students' non-cognitive characteristics in relation to learning mathematics.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.397-415
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• 2022

As the global warming problem becomes serious, the need for carbon cycle education in school is increasing. Adopting systems thinking ability is needed to understand the carbon cycle systematically. Furthermore, under the rapid change of environment, society, and economy, systems thinking ability is being emphasized as it can strengthen the competencies of students who will be leading the future society. The purposes of this study are as follows: first, is developing the systems thinking instrument for the carbon cycle and the rubric for analysis of systems thinking instrument. The second is analyzing the systems thinking ability of students using the developed instrument and rubric. In order to perform this study, previous studies related to the carbon cycle and systems thinking education were analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the systems thinking instrument for the carbon cycle and rubric were developed. The systems thinking ability was analyzed by implementing the developed instrument and rubric to 172 high school and university students. The results of this study are as follows: first, the systems thinking instrument for the carbon cycle was developed, and a rubric utilization guide was constructed. The instrument and rubric were modified through pilot study for middle school students producing expert opinion in relation to systems thinking and carbon cycle. Second, the systems thinking ability of students was analyzed. Consequently, students had systems thinking ability fully at a low level, such as identifying the variables related to the carbon cycle. However, it was shown that they lacked the systems thinking ability at a high level, such as time delay and feedback processes. The importance of the carbon cycle has been increasing since the global warming is the most pressing issue and significant environmental problem facing us today. Application of the systems thinking ability can contribute to understanding these complex problems and finding fundamental solutions.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.60-67
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• 1994

본 연구는 아동의 자기-효능감을 측정할 수 있는 검사도구를 개발하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다 연구대상자는 554명의 국민학교 5, 6학년 아동들로서, 선행연구를 중심으로 구성 한 문항들에 대한 몇 차례의 예비조사를 통하여 최종 23문항을 선정하였고 척도 구성을 위 한 검증 결과는 다음과 같다. 척도의 문항 양호도 검증을 위한 문항의 반응율과 변별도 분 석결과는 대체로 양호하게 나타났으며 척도의 타당도 검증을 위한 요인분석 결과 본 검사도 구가 세 요인으로 구성되어 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 신뢰도 분석 결과는 Cronbach's a 값 이 .62에서 .79로 나타났다.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.69-99
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• 2012

This study aims to develop a highly-reliable inventory for measuring and analyzing the positive psychological experience in math learning. A measurement result provides meaningful information on the strength of students. Elements of positive psychological experience in math learning were extracted by the extensive research on the literature. The result was verified through the open survey. Through this process, the first preliminary questionnaire of 106 items was released, and was revised into the second one of 66 items through a continuous investigation on reliability and validity. Finally, a measurement inventory with 65 questions for testing 'positive psychological experience in math learning' was established.