• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.543-553
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• 2021

As a key policy for achieving the goal of reducing GHG in the building sector, Korea has enforced the mandatory certification of zero-energy buildings for new buildings in the public sector from 2020. This study evaluated a policy to achieve Net Zero by identifying the trend of changes in building energy performance according to policy and presenting a methodology to analyze the current performance state of energy technology applied to buildings. The final goal was to help stakeholders apply appropriate energy technologies for new buildings. For this study, data collected on building energy efficiency certification over the last four years have shown a gradual increase in energy performance. In addition, K-means cluster analysis was used to analyze the performance status of energy technologies applied to buildings. The high and low clusters of education and office facilities were used to analyze the comparative group (2016-2020, 2020). As a result, the solar module area in both high and low clusters of education facilities increased by 261.1% and 283.5%. In contrast, the solar module area decreased by both high and low clusters of office facilities. The most passive and active technologies showed an increase in energy performance.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.74-80
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• 2023

This study examines the characteristics of architectural review opinions as unstructured data, focusing on the most challenging risk for developers of small and medium-sized apartment projects in response to the increasing number of single-person households in Korea. Using multidimensional analysis methods, the study analyzes the review opinions of 25 projects in B City. Correspondence analysis and MDS (Multidimensional Scale) analysis show that, consistent with prior research, the keywords related to 'structure' and 'planning' dominate architectural review opinions in B City. While the MDS model's stress is very poor at 34.4%, correspondence analysis reveals that this is due to the characteristics of unstructured data in architectural reviews. In addition, the non-structured data analyzed in this study, such as architectural review opinions, exhibited a probability distribution with low kurtosis and high skewness, as they involved various combinations and occurrences of data depending on the discretion of the review committee members and the specific formats of different local governments. This often led to the emergence of keywords that differed significantly from commonly mentioned terms. Although the study has some limitations, it provides a foundation for future detailed analysis by identifying the characteristics of architectural review opinions as unstructured data.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.27-34
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• 2011

It is very important to justify the reasonable role of healthcare facilities in the law in order to provide considerable medical services to the patient. Defining the right role of healthcare facilities makes it possible to build adequate Health Care Delivery System which might be helpful for the patient. However, the information of healthcare facilities in Korean law is so unclear that people are able to hardly understand what sort of proper medical service is for them. Furthermore, there is not enough regulation to differentiate each type of hospitals in the law. The result of this study is summarized into three points. Firstly, the current medical law does not reflect differences of function which each medical facility has. Secondly, the method of classification of healthcare facilities in the law disagrees with the Health Care Delivery System. Finally, there is no information on the type of sickbed in the law. Therefore, this study intend to analyze cause of problems which the law contains in order to be used for the fundamental resource for the healthcare facility planning.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.06a
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• pp.192-194
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• 2014

한일합방 직전인 1909년 12월에 초점등된 가덕도(구)등대는 가덕도의 끝단 동두말에 위치하고 있으며, 이위치는 부산 남해는 물론 거제도가 한눈에 들어오는 광범위한 시계를 가지고 있어 예로부터 군사적 지리적 요충지로 역할을 수행하고 있다. 또한 가덕도는 2010년 거가대교 개통으로 교통의 요충지가 되었다. 가덕도(구)등대는 역사적 보존가치가 높아 해양수산부에 의해 등대문화유산 제8호로 지정되었고, 가덕도(구)등대의 등탑과 결합된 등대 숙사의 문화재적 가치가 높아 부산시 유형문화재 제50호로 지정되었다. 등탑과 숙사가 일체화된 경우도 드물어 건축적 가치가 높을 뿐만 아니라, 숙사의 건축형태와 현관장식 등의 미관이 수려하다. 이렇게 지리적, 역사적, 건축사적 가치를 가지고 있는 가덕도(구)등대는 100주년을 맞이하여 100주년 기념관, 체험숙소 등을 운영하고 있다. 하지만 여러 가지 유해한 요인들 때문에 문화재적 가치가 빛을 발하지 못하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 가덕도(구)등대의 실태조사를 통하여 유해 요인 제거 및 이전 방안에 대한 계획을 수립하고 문화재적 가치 향상과 환경개선, 보존관리를 목적으로 한다.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2006

Nowadays, it has been changed in medical environments which are the increase of the aged and chronic disease, development of medical system and technology, the open of medical markets according to negotiation of DDA(Doha Development Agenda) and FTA(Free Trade Agreement) and so on. The changes of medical system and function are caused by changes of medical environments. This study is to analyze the spatial changes of general hospital O. P. D. in Korea based on changes of the medical system and function. In conclusion, the O. P. D. in general hospital has been changed by stages as follows; First, subdivision and specialization of medical organization systems. Second, diversification of specialized centers based on medical cooperated systems. At last, integration of E&T faculties and specialized centers which have similar functions. According to the spatial changes of outpatient department, the types of E&T faculties and specialized centers has been changed by diverse forms as follows; E&T faculties and specialized centers focused on disease, organs, classes and so on.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.186-186
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• 2011

고령화사회의 도래는 노인의 신체적 정신적 특성과 더불어 장기적인 보살핌과 보호에 대한 요구를 증대시키고 있다. 노인을 입소시켜 급식과 요양서비스를 제공해주는 노인복지시설은 점차 그 시설수가 증가할 것으로 예상되며 재난상황에 대비한 시설의 설계, 운영, 관리, 유지단계에서 화재방지대책에 대한 연구가 필요하다고 본다. 본 연구에서는 노인복지시설의 실태조사를 통해 양로시설에서는 입지유형과 시설규모별 특징을 분석하고, 노인요양시설에서는 시설의 설계방식과 운영방식에 따른 재난상황 발생시 문제점을 분석하였다. 중점 조사항목은 화재발생시 대피장소 확보, 대피시설 및 장비 유무, 인력배치 기준 준수 등 이며 각 시설별 도출한 취약점을 바탕으로 법 제도적 측면에서 개선방안을 제시하였다. 개선이 필요한 항목은 크게 3분류로, 첫째, 설계 및 건축 단계는 노인복지시설 건축허가 기준 재정립, 피난계단, 피난공간 등 기준 보완을 위해 건축 허가시 화재안전성 검토 등이 필요하다. 둘째, 운영 및 유지 단계는 피난 방화(防火)시설 관리 개선, 시설운영자의 책임안전관리, 소방시설 기능유지 강화 등이 필요하다. 셋째, 대응 및 경감 단계는 방재관련 운영관리매뉴얼, 장비 등의 정비 및 보완, 현장대응 및 전문능력 향상, 화재상황전파 시스템 개발 등이 필요할 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.5870-5876
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to suggest the System Architecture for Effective Architectural MEP Pipe Reverse Design(PRD) based on the Point Cloud and derive the consideration. To do this, the requirement and use-cases related to the MEP pipe reverse design work were defined and the architecture for the reverse design automation was proposed. To identify a consideration for finding the architecture issues, a prototype was developed using the architecture and evaluated.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.3 no.2 s.6
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• pp.9-28
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• 1994

A collective theory is tried in analysis on the architectural history of Temple Gowoon in Gyongbook Province. For this purpose, firstly, the chronicle of construction was composed based on the critical study of the old documents. Secondly, the drawings of existing facilities were made after the field survey. And lastly, the collective theory was be able to extracted from the relation between chronicle and physical composion of the Temple Gowoon. The whole temple is composed of two territories, northern one and southern, which are divided by the central ravine. Northern territory was enlarged from Gukrakgeon's cluster through Myongboogeon's to Yeonsoogeon's. On the other hand, southern territory was reduced its position and its size from Daewoongeon's cluster, which was one of the main cluster, to Monigeon's, sub one. These processes were the results of the architectural adjustment, that is say, the dogmatic principles adapted in the topographical environments. The collective forms of clusters are different from each other. Gukrakgeon's cluster is composed of four buildings which enclose the empty inner court. Monigeon's is similar to the small temple type, Myongboogeon's selects the straggling form, and Yoensoogeon's has the type of Confucian shrine. The various types of clusters were the physical settings to symbolize the religious heirarchy of their buildigs. In the front of temple area, Gawoonloo, which located on the ravine and has a big volume, integrates straggling clusters.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.69-83
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• 2016

Classic rationalist architecture came to play an important role in modern architectural discourse in the 1970s. But it has declined since the death of its most representative architects Aldo Rossi and O. M. Ungers. However, the phenomenon to be noted is that a new momentum was brought to the German architectural scene through some remarkable achievements by the disciples of Ungers after 2000. This study aims to read this phenomenon on the topography of german architecture and to catch out what potential it has to create balance in the international architectural debate. It is not the aim to analyze a single architect in detail, but to compare some important architects like Hans Kollhoff, Max Dudler, Eun-Young Yi and Uwe $Schr{\ddot{o}}der$. And further the study will try to give an overview of how far this phenomenon can change the topography of the German architectural scene. The buildings that have been examined here are Daimler Chrysler Building, Grimm Zentrum, Stuttgart City Library, and Haus Hundertacht. Through this study, it was found that some architects continue the attitude and the architectural languages of O. M. Ungers and develope their own unique architecture. And this phenomenon has the potential to influence todays architectural debate on a global scale.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.7-19
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• 2010

'Lu' is one of the Korean traditional building structure. The architectural characteristics of the 'Lu' can be classified two types with its use. One is single building type and the other is a part of building type within building complex. This study is about the two-storied 'Lu' that was built on part of building complex. 'Lu' built in building complex such like Sa-chal, Hyang-gyo, Seo-won, Jae-sil, has the similar characters. 1. It is built by taking slope site. 2. Ii is one of four buildings that forms court yard. 3. It uses simple building structure on the purpose of openness 4. It can control view with using window. The column type of 'Lu' can be classified with 3 style. These are $5{\times}2$ Kan style, $3{\times}2$ Kan style and $5{\times}3$ Kan style. It would be assumed with the result of study that $5{\times}2$ Kan style has its origin in Hoe-Rang structure, $3{\times}2$ Kan style is originated from Joong-Moon(middle gate) structure, and $5{\times}3$ Kan is originated from Kang-Dang structure.