• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.177-182
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• 2002

Drying process is very important for commercialization of velvet antlers. So far, artificial drying has mostly depended on experience of farmers resulting in low efficiency of drying, deterioration during drying, and contamination by dust and bacteria. Various drying techniques for high-quality production have currently been commercialized in some developed countries, and one of them is a drying technique using microwave. In this study, application of the technique using an electronic (microwave) oven for drying of velvet antler was investigated. The results of this study are as follows. 1. It was found that the drying period was significantly affected by cornification of velvet antlers. Accordingly, it can be assumed that the velvet antlers should partly be sliced to save drying period and required drying energy. 2. It was also found that the drying speed was changeable according to tempering period and even with same drying period. The tempering period should be controlled according to processing rate. 3. The results indicated that a repeated drying of 2-min drying and 3-min tempering is the most effective when a microwave oven was used. 4. The results also showed that the drying technique using microwave of electronic oven can be effectively used for drying of velvet antlers. 5. Only drying and tempering periods were examined in this study, however, ingredient change of deer antler after drying is necessary to be investigated in the future.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.444-447
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• 2006

Yam powders were prepared by freeze, fan, hot-air, and coal-heat drying. The viscosities of their suspensions and supernatants and the viscosity changes with addition of sugar, salt, and citric acid were investigated. Viscosity (43 mPa s) of 7.5% suspension of fan-dried yam powder was lower than that of freeze dried yam (58.1 mPa s), but much higher than that of the conventional, hot-air dried yam (17.2 mP s). Coal-heat dried yam had a viscosity of only 4.5 mPa s. The viscosity was related to the protein denaturation induced by heat and acid. Addition of sugar to yam powder increased the viscosity of the suspension but no changes were evident with salt addition. Viscosities decreased when 0.5% citric acid was added (pH 3.4-3.5).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.203-211
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• 1989

During hot air drying of root vegetables such as radish and sweet potatoes, shrinkage and casehardening occurred, and thereby the quality change appeared. Therfore the hot air drying apparatus in which air temperature, relative humidity and air velocity could be controlled was designed, and the drying and shrinking characteristics of radish and sweet potatoes were studied. Also the external factors that affected these characteristics were investigated. The whole drying process of radish and sweet potatoes could be divided into four different drying rate periods, namely constant rate period, first falling rate period, second falling rate period (a) and (b). The shrinking rate curve consisted of four periods nearly corresponding to drying rate periods. The shrinking rate slowly increased in the constant rate period, rapidly increased in the first falling rate period, and reached the highest value in the early period of the second falling rate period. The surface shrinkage was greatly affected by the thickness of sample, relative humidity and initial moisture content. The shrinking ratio was increased with decreasing thickness and increasing relative humidity and initial moisture content.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.158-162
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• 1996

Comet assay 는 포유류 세포에서 DNA의 파괴를 측정하는데 있어 신속하고 단순하며 시각적이고 민감한 방법이다. Apoptosis에서는 세포핵의 광범위한 DNA의 붕괴가 일어나므로 comet assay는 종양세포에서 apoptosis가 발생되었는가를 알아내는데 유용하다. 본 연구는 apoptosis 연구의 결과가 변화되지 않도록 comet assay slides를 좀 더 오래 보관할 수 있는 방법을 개발하고자 시행되었다. 개의 종양세포를 가지고 alkali comet assay를 끝낸 뒤 slides를 진공 건조기에서 꺼내서 증류수로 점적하여 10-20분간 침수시키고 현광현미경하에서 육안적으로 관찰하였다. 건조후 3-4일, 1주, 2주, 3주, 4주 및 7주의 slides에서 apoptosis 회복율(%)은 각각 98.1, 98.3, 99.4, 80.8 및 35.2%이었다. 3주 이내의 slides에서 대조군과 비교하여 apoptosis 회복율에서 차이가 없었으나 4주 이상의 slides를 건조후 침수시키는 방법을 이용하였을 때 apoptosis 평가에서 건조 후 3주간까지는 처음의 결과와 차이가 없으며, 이 방법을 이용하여 comet slide의 좀 더 긴 기간이 보관과 보관후의 재평가에서 이용될 수 있는 좋은 방법이 된다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.185-189
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different steam condition and dehydration condition on physicochemical characteristics of Olbyeossal made from Waxy rice. All samples were steamed at $95-100^{\circ}C$ for 60 min or at $121^{\circ}C$ for 20 min and then were dehydrated using hot air 45, 60, $80^{\circ}C$ and sun-dried to achieve moisture contents 13-15%. Initial pasting temperature of Olbyeossal was the lower than that of nontreatment sample by parboiling. The combination in steaming $95-100^{\circ}C$ and hot drying at $45-60^{\circ}C$ was showed appropriate pasting properties compared with other condition. The hardness of Olbyeossal was significantly affected by steaming and dehydration condition. The hardness of Olbyeossal showed the higher value for steaming at $121^{\circ}C$ than $95-100^{\circ}C$. The water binding capacity (WBC) and swelling power (SP) were higher steaming at $121^{\circ}C$ than $95-100^{\circ}C$. No significant differences on WBC and SP of Olbyeossal by dehydration condition were observed. As the sensory evaluation results, the combination in steaming at $121^{\circ}C$ and hot-air drying at 45 or $80^{\circ}C$ led to increase preference for appearance, color, taste and overall acceptability. These results indicate that steaming and dehydration condition were affecting factor on physicochemical characteristics of Olbyeossal.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the symptom of dry mouth of workers, their subjective oral symptoms and factors affecting their oral health-related quality of life (Oral Health Impact Profile, OHIP-14) in an effort to provide information on the development of oral health promotion programs geared toward workers. The subjects in this study were the workers in five different companies in North Jeolla Province. After a survey was conducted from August 1 to September 20, 2012, the collected data were analyzed. The findings of the study were as follows: The office workers got 2.59 in oral dryness, and the sales associates got 1.82. The oral dryness of the former was severer than that of the latter (p<0.001). The irregular workers got 2.05 in OHIP-14, and the regular workers got 1.82 (p<0.001). Symptom of dry mouth had a positive correlation to OHIP-14 (r=0.456). OHIP-14 was positively correlated with age (r=0.209) and negatively with academic credential (r=-0.136). OHIP-14 was more significantly affected when their symptom of dry mouth was severer (${\beta}=0.383$, p<0.001), when they were older (${\beta}=0.221$, p<0.001) and when they felt they had oral diseases (${\beta}=0.146$, p<0.01). In conclusion, quality programs should be developed to promote the oral health of industrial workers in consideration of the influential factors for the oral health-related quality of life of the workers, and the government should pay more attention to related policy setting to improve the oral health of industrial workers.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.12
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• pp.47-52
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• 2011

The authors did conservation treatment of wooden objects excavated from Isong Sanung Fortress upon request of the Museum of Hanyang University. The authors investigated types of the trees prior to conservation treatment to find out 1 Pinus spp. and 11 Querus spp. The authors investigated paint coating of 1 wooden ware to find out No.4 of the exterior and No.3 of the interior and about 100㎛ thickness of the lacquer layer. The. conservation treatment was done to immerse wooden ware into high molecular PEG#3,350 in water solution (10 ~ 45%) and to give physical strength and to do vacuum freeze drying.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.579-589
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• 2021

Five waterlogged wood artefacts were excavated from Suyeong-ri site in Hwaseong, South Korea. The aim of the present study was to identify the species and estimate the date of manufacture and the manufacturing method of these artefacts. The study also aimed to conserve the original shapes of waterlogged wood artefacts by using the vacuum freeze drying method. The two large waterlogged woods were identified as Ulmus spp. and Morus spp., whereas one of the three small waterlogged woods was identified as Abies spp. and the other two as hard pine. Radiocarbon dating using wiggle match dated the manufacturing of these wooden artefacts between BCE 8520-8490 or BCE 8470-8290 in the Neolithic age, and a similar period was also confirmed for seed excavated from a place close to the location where the waterlogged wood artefacts were excavated. The surface of waterlogged wood artefacts had several traces of manufacturing processes - traces of tearing and chopping - were observed. Based on these observations, it was confirmed that stone adz was used to make these wooden artefacts. Thereafter, the waterlogged wood samples were conserved by immersing them into PEG#4,000 of concentration in water from 10% to 40% at room temperature(15~25℃) and subjecting them to vacuum freeze drying. However, the internal moisture was not completely removed in some thick parts of waterlogged woods by applying the general schedule such as raising the shelf temperature as the surface temperature rises. Therefore, additional study is required using the schedule-method for vacuum freeze drying of large waterlogged wood.

• The Bimonthly Magazine for Agrochemicals and Plant Protection
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• v.3 no.10
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• pp.60-66
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• 1982

벼농사의 궁극적인 목적이 좋은 쌀을 많이 생산하는 일이므로 양적으로 많은 쌀을 생산하는 일도 중요하지만 동시에 질적으로 우수한 쌀을 만드는데도 깊은 관심을 갖어야 할 것이다. 그동안 쌀의 생산기술이 많이 발달 향상되었지만 미질을 향상시키는 면에서는 미흡한 점이 적지 않다. 벼농사를 마무리짓는 수확과 탈곡$\cdot$조제 그리고 건조$\cdot$저장을 잘 해서 질이 좋은 쌀이 항시 공급될 수 있도록 되어야 하겠다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.235-236
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• 2003

섬유의 습식 가공은 에너지 집약적 산업이다. 대부분의 에너지는 가공시 사용된 많은 양의 수분을 증발시키고, 건조하는데 소모되어진다. 따라서 거품가공은 물 소비를 감소시켜 에너지를 절약하고 폐수를 감소시키는데 주된 목적이 있다(1). 거품가공은 직물에 부가된 물의 양을 감소시켜 건조단계에서 상당한 에너지 소비(30~80%)를 감소시키는 것으로 알려져 있고(2~3), 최근에는 낮은 wet pick-up율에 의한 가공제 처리의 성능 및 수지의 가교분포에 대한 효과 등에 관한 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있으나 미흡한 점이 많이 보고되고 있다.(4~7) (중략)