• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.561-572
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• 1997

This paper attempts to analyze the changes of the contents in foreign area research carried out by Korean geographers, and discuss the task of the new regional geography in a global-local context. As compared with domestic area research, only a scant of foreign area research has been carried out. In the 1990's, the research interests are paid to how an open economy affects the regional economy, especialy the production technique, division of labor, industrial mix, market strategy, industrial location and organization, and so on. Unfortunately, however, the boundaries between economic geography and regional economy are gradully disappearing.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.51-64
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• 2006

This study is to suggests the vision and policy issues on National Geographic Information System in Korea. Firstly, this study is to describe the current situation and problems of national geographic information. ${\ulcorner}$The Second national geographic information plan${\lrcorner}$ consist of 47 projects include national level. For the purpose of third NGIS plan, diverse problems suggested on spatial information computierization, application, distribution. Secondly, we conducts an analysis of national geographic information demand. According to the analysis results 'cyber geospace' is the key issues in near future. In order to construct the ${\ulcorner}$Integrated Digital Territory${\lrcorner}$ in the 21st Century, the current promoted project for the national geographic information constuction needs to be more developed. In this regard, it is necessary to implement ${\ulcorner}$Integrated Digital Territory${\lrcorner}$, enhancing the usability of NGIS, creating the 'cyber geospace' and intelligent territory.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.411-434
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• 2022

In deep geological disposal concept for spent nuclear fuel, it is well-known that rock mass at near-field experiences the thermal-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) coupled behavior. The mechanical properties of rock changes during the coupled process, and it is important to consider the changes into the analysis of numerical simulation and in-situ tests for long-term stability evaluation of nuclear waste disposal repository. This report collected the previous studies on indirect coupled behaviors of rock. The effects of water saturation and temperature on some mechanical properties of rock was considered, while the change in hydraulic conductivity of rock due to stress was included in the indirect coupled behavior.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.151-178
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• 2014

The objective of the present case study is to analysis how effectively Hilti, which is a former family firm owned and managed by a family in Liechtenstein as a tiny european country, a land sandwiched between Switzerland and Austria, has made a global market success. Liechtenstein has $160km^2$ land and about 36,000 residents. Despite its small size of country, however, Hilti Corporation doesn't view its location as a liability in its business strategy. Hilti is a global leading provider of professional power tools in building, mining, civil engineering etc. Also, Hilti is a firm with a clear vision to become the leading industry partner for construction professionals and building installations through customer focus, high quality equipment, and tools and systems specially designed for specific jobs. This study considered Hilti as a good case, which verifies that born-conditions, endogenous factors according to Michael Porters diamond model does not decisive role more for international competitiveness of firms. Lessons from Hilti are that in order to obtain and sustain the global competitiveness of small and medium-sized firms in Korean manufacturing sector under high production cost, they have to do actively innovative. Also they can give to customers newer and higher customer-values than competitors in abroad give. The case summarizes that the strategy of Hilti for the global market success is comprised of several factors: Technological and organizational innovation, and a clear customer-value oriented business strategy and its implementation. Innovation and its integration into marketing for the customers value creation is central to Hilti's Success. The present case study is expected to provide insights and implication for many firms in Korea that are seeking to secure global presence and market success.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 2003.02a
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• pp.3-18
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• 2003

본 논문은 ATMS와 ATIS에서 요구되는 교통관리 및 정보제공의 효과분석을 위해, 운전자의 주행 및 경로선택 의사결정과 교통제어에 대한 반응등 운전자 행태를 모의실험에 반영함으로써 교통시스템의 실시간 특성을 모사할 수 있는 모형을 구축하고 이를 기반으로 하는 미시적 교통 모의실험기를 개발하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구에서는 운전자, 차량, 교통망, 검지 및 신호시스템, 교통정보제공시스템 등을 교통시스템의 주요 구성요소로 설정하였으며 운전자 및 차량특성, 차두시간분포와 차량발생모형, 차량주행모형, 차로변경 및 간격수락모형, 경로선택모형을 주모의실험모형을 구성하는 부모형으로 결정하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 각각의 부모형들에 대한 최근의 연구결과들을 검토하고, 현실모사 능력과 함께 다른 부모형들과의 연계, 모의실험기의 구현상에서의 적합성 등을 고려하여 적정모형의 선정 및 수정, 새로운 부모형의 구축을 수행하였다. 구축된 부모형을 통합하여 교통모의실험기를 개발하였으며 구축된 모형의 타당성 및 적용성 검토를 위해 현장자료 및 가상자료를 이용한 검증을 수행하였다. 검증결과 모형의 목적인 교통제어 및 정보제공등의 시스템 대안의 평가에 이용 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 본 논문의 연구결과는 교통제어 및 정보제공전략 대안의 평가뿐만 아니라 차량추종 및 차로변경 등의 미시적 교통모형 연구, 동적기종점 통행량 추정, 동적통행배정의 연구에도 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 본 논문의 연구모형은 현단계에서는 현실의 모사 및 분석을 위한 도구보다는 새로운 대안들간의 비교평가를 위한 도구로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 이에 따라 현실모사의 정확도를 확보하기 위한 검증 및 개선이 필요할 것이며, 각 부모형들에 대한 계속적인 연구와 새롭게 발표되는 연구결과를 수용한 지속적인 개발이 필요할 것이다.유기적인 연계에 있음을 밝히고 있다. 건설을 위한 정책적 시사점과 동북아 연구개발정보 Portal 및 APEC APGrid 연구망 등의 구체적인 정보인프라 구축방안을 도출하였다.술 주기를 도출하고, 산업 내 평균 권리 청구 항목 수를 이용하여 각 산업의 기술 범위를 비교하였다. 각각의 동적 분석을 통해 시간에 따른 변화 양상이 관찰하였고, ANOVA 분석을 이용하여 통계적 유의성을 검증하였다. 본 연구는 현재의 기술 패러다임 내에서 Pavitt이 제시한 산업 분류의 근거를 보충 설명하였고 특허 정보를 이용하여 기술혁신의 산업별 유형에 대한 폭넓은 분석방법을 제시하였다.별 시간대별 효과분석을 통하여 정책의 시행여부가 결정되어야 할 것이다. 한편, 화물전용차선의 설치로 인한 물류비용의 절감을 보다 효과적으로 달성하기 위해서는 종합류류 전산망의 시급한 구축과 함께 화물차의 적재율을 높이고 공차율을 낮출 수 있는 운송체계의 수립이 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 그라나 이러한 화물전용차선의 효과는 단기적인 치유책일 수밖에 없기 때문에 물류유통 시설의 확충을 위한 사회간접자본의 구축을 서둘러 시행하여야 할 것이다.으로 처리한 Machine oil, Phenthoate EC 및 Trichlorfon WP는 비교적 약효가 낮았다.>$^{\circ}$E/$\leq$30$^{\circ}$NW 단열군이 연구지역 내에서 지하수 유동성이 가장 높은 단열군으로 추정된다. 이러한 사실은 3개 시추공을 대상으로 실시한 시추공 내 물리검층과 정압주입시험에서도 확인된다.. It was resulted from increase of weight of single cocoon. "Manta"2.5ppm produced 22.2kg of cocoon. It is equal to 9%

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.265-277
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to develop and verify an effective vortex typed nonfilter nonpoint source pollution reduction device. To verify this pollution reduction device, a total of twelves scenarios (three rainfall intensities${\times}$two states${\times}$two steps) of experiments were conducted using pollutants. First, simulated inflow (rainfall intensity 2.5 mm/hr: $0.00152m^3/s$, rainfall intensity 3.395 mm/hr: $0.00206m^3/s$, rainfall intensity 6.870 mm/hr: $0.00326m^3/s$) was calculated. Second, pollutants (mixture of 25% of four particle sizes) were selected and injected. Third, pollutant removal efficiencies of this device at its initial state and operating states were measured. As a result of analysis based on rainfall intensity, the concentration of pollutants was decreased by the device at initial and operating states at all rainfall intensities. Its pollutant removal efficiency was more than 80%, the standard set by the Ministry of Environment. Its pollutant removal efficiency was gradually increased over time, reaching approximately 90%. Its pollutant removal efficiency was higher in its operating state than that in its initial state. Therefore, nonpoint source pollutants can be effectively removed by this vortex typed nonpoint source pollution reduction device developed in this study.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.321-325
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to re-concept the future battle of the Army, which combines the effects of advanced technology on the concept of combat and the AICBM technology. The "war concept" changes with the times, and can be seen through the following two examples. First, it is a concept that achieves relative superiority by analyzing enemies. A case in point is the U.S. military's development of a "public joint battle" into a "multi-domain operation." Second, it is 'science and technology' that leads to a change in the concept of combat. A case in point is that the firepower warfare on land and sea in World War I developed from World War II to "air warfare" due to the emergence of aircraft. In this regard, the U.S. military is focusing on the concept of fighting in line with the future operational environment based on high-tech science and technology and the construction of the future military through the creation of the "Future Command." Therefore, our military needs to utilize the major technologies of the fourth industrial revolution as an opportunity to develop the concept of future combat, and the future war will greatly affect the development of the concept of advanced science and technology carrying out war, as AIC technology based on the fourth industrial revolution will promote innovation in defense operations in the form of super-connected, super-intelligence and super-integration. Therefore, this study will present the impact of advanced technology on the concept of combat and the concept of battle of the future Army incorporating the technology of AICBM.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.27
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• pp.129-159
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• 2011

Physical security has always been an extremely important facet within the security arena. A comprehensive security plan consists of three components of physical security, personal security and information security. These elements are interrelated and may exist in varying degrees defending on the type of enterprise or facility being protected. The physical security component of a comprehensive security program is usually composed of policies and procedures, personal, barriers, equipment and records. Human beings kept restless struggle to preserve their and tribal lives. However, humans in prehistoric ages did not learn how to build strong house and how to fortify their residence, so they relied on their protection to the nature and use caves as protection and refuge in cold days. Through the history of man, human has been establishing various protection methods to protect himself and his tribe's life and assets. Physical security methods are set in the base of these security methods. Those caves that primitive men resided was rounded with rock wall except entrance, so safety was guaranteed especially by protection for tribes in all directions. The Great Wall of China that is considered as the longest building in the history was built over one hundred years from about B.C. 400 to prevent the invasion of northern tribes, but this wall enhanced its protection function to small invasions only, and Mongolian army captured the most part of China across this wall by about 1200 A.D. European lords in the Middle Ages built a moat by digging around of castle or reinforced around of the castle by making bascule bridge, and provided these protections to the resident and received agricultural products cultivated. Edwin Holmes of USA in 20 centuries started to provide innovative electric alarm service to the development of the security industry in USA. This is the first of today's electrical security system, and with developments, the security system that combined various electrical security system to the relevant facilities takes charging most parts of today's security market. Like above, humankind established various protection methods to keep life in the beginning and its development continues. Today, modern people installed CCTV to the most facilities all over the country to cope with various social pathological phenomenon and to protect life and assets, so daily life of people are protected and observed. Most of these physical security systems are installed to guarantee our safety but we pay all expenses for these also. Therefore, establishing effective physical security system is very important and urgent problem. On this study, it is suggested methods of establishing effective physical security system by using system integration on the principle of security design about effective security system's effective establishing method of physical security system that is increasing rapidly by needs of modern society.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.12-28
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• 2021

Based on the global smart city promotion trend, in 2018, the "Fourth Industrial Revolution Committee" selected "sustainability" and "people-centered" as keywords in relation to the direction of domestic smart city policy. Accordingly, the Living Lab program, which is an active citizen-centered innovation methodology, is applied to each stage of the domestic smart city construction project. Through the Living Lab program, and in collaboration with the public and experts, the smart city discovers local issues as it focuses on citizens, devises solutions to sustainable urban problems, and formulates a regional development plan that reflects the needs of citizens. However, compared to citizen participation in urban regeneration projects that have been operated for a relatively long time, participation in smart city projects was found to significantly differ in level and sustainability. Therefore, this study conducted a comparative analysis of the characteristics of citizen participation at each stage of an urban regeneration project and, based on Arnstein's "Participation Ladder" model, examined the level of citizen participation activities in the Living Lab program carried out in a smart city commercial area from 2018 to 2019. The results indicated that citizen participation activities in the Living Lab conducted in the smart city project had a great influence on selecting smart city services, which fit the needs of local residents, and on determining the technological level of services appropriate to the region based on a relatively high level of authority, such as selection of smart city services or composition of solutions. However, most of the citizen participation activities were halted after the project's completion due to the one-off recruitment of citizen participation groups for the smart city construction project only. On the other hand, citizens' participation activities in the field of urban regeneration were focused on local communities, and continuous operation and management measures were being drawn from the project planning stage to the operation stage after the project was completed. This study presented a plan to revitalize citizen participation for the realization of a more sustainable smart city through a comparison of the characteristics and an examination of the level of citizen participation in such urban regeneration and smart city projects.