• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.44
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• pp.223-247
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to explore the anti-smoking message effects and smoking status on smoking belief attributes. Based on the health behavior theories such as theory of reasoned action, health belief model, and social cognitive theory, three factors are selected to investigate the effects of anti-smoking campaign messages. The balance of benefits and barriers, self-efficacy, and social pressure are selected as independent variables. Three two-way ANOVA were conducted. Results showed that the main effect of social pressure were found with the social smoking attributes. Interaction effects were found on the nonsmoker-social pressure group and the non-smoker-two sided message group. It is found that nonsmokers accepted these two anti-smoking messages easily as compared to smoker groups. No main smoking status was found in this study; it is believed that smoking is a habitual that is not changed easily because attitude formation takes time. Results revealed that the two-sided message video releases and the social pressure video releases were favored by both smokers and nonsmokers. This study contributes the theoretical framework that can be transferred to the practices of anti-smoking campaign. Also, the researcher produced the televised stimuli which is not common in health message studies. By using the televised message material, the research tried to solve the validity problem which is common in experimental design.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.179-193
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• 2021

As pets such as dogs and cats have been accepted as family members and companions, calling them companion animals has become more and more common. As the trend of identifying companion animals with humans and treating them as members of a family is spreading, people are more concerned about food, health, and leisure for companion animals, searching for expensive products, and accelerating the growth of related businesses. This study collected data by conducting an online questionnaire targeting customers who visited online companion animal shopping malls. Data collected only for people who have purchased companion animals at least once in online shopping malls for companion animals were used for empirical analysis. Questionnaires from 205 people were collected, but a total of 198 copies were used for the analysis, excluding the questionnaire that gave an insincere response. The results are as follows. First, through exploratory factor analysis, it was confirmed that the service quality factors of the online shopping mall for companion animals consisted of four dimensions: communication-transaction, safe security, design, and information provision. Second, it was found that communication-transactions, information provision, design, and safe security, which are the service quality factors for companion animal online shopping malls, all have a significant positive (+) effect on customer satisfaction. Third, it was confirmed that customer satisfaction in online shopping malls for companion animals had a significant positive (+) effect on loyalty. Fourth, in the relationships between service quality factors (communication transaction, safety security, design, information provision) and loyalty of companion animal online shopping mall, it was confirmed that customer satisfaction has complete mediating effects.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.119-126
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• 2021

The modern pentathlon is an exercise in which people and people compete, as well as exercise without equipment, exercise using equipment, and exercise with animals, and it is an exercise that includes static and dynamic exercise. The ethical issues of modern pentathlon athletes are also related to the poor environment and economic reasons, and the athlete's ethical awareness, attitude, and spirit have a great influence on the athlete's mental environment. In this study, the direction of improvement of ethical problems, which are different as important issues in modern sports, was examined, and qualitative research methods were applied to explore the sports spirit and ethics of the modern pentathlon. Correct sports should not deviate from the intended purpose of the exercise or cause or force the athlete to suffer physical or mental pain. In sports, compensatoryism can be a direct cause of improved performance or record-breaking, but sometimes it can also cause distorted athletes. Air doping has ethical issues that can cause controversy over the health or fairness of athletes, mental and physical damage to athletes, and harm. Responsibilities and ethical issues of athletes who take prohibited substances or leaders or supervisors who neglect or encourage them should be treated as very important matters. In the sports field, the reward system that is subordinate to the athlete's or leader's performance is related to the athlete's or leader's livelihood. For a fair and just game progression, it is necessary to break away from the development of athletes who are only focused on performance. The problem of Unethical issues must be overcome by emphasizing the restoration of ethics that are reasonably recognized in ideology and logic.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.55-65
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• 2022

Although humans exist as Homo Empathicus, human society is actually constantly divided and conflicted between groups. The human empathy response is very sensitive to the justice of others, and depending on the level of others' justice, they may feel empathy or schadenfreude to the suffering of them. However, our empathy to others' suffering are not always fair, and have inherent limitations of ingroup-biased empathy. Depending on whether the suffering other persons belongs to an ingroup or an outgroup, we may feel biased empathy or biased schadenfreude to them without even realizing it. Recent advances in information and communication technology facilitate biased access to ingroup-related SNS or ingroup media, thereby deepening the establishment of a more biased semantic information network related groups. These processes, through interacting with the inherent limitation of empathy, can form a vicious cycle of more biased ingroup empathy and ingroup-related activities, and accelerate divisions and conflicts. This research investigated the properties and limitations of empathy by reviewing studies on the neural mechanism of empathy. By examining the relationship between empathy and justice from a neuroscientific point of view, this research tried to illuminate the modern society of division and conflict in a different dimension from the classical perspective of social science.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2022

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical utility of the internalization and externalization higher-order scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent Restructured Form (MMPI-A-RF), compared with those scales of the Korean Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL). Methods : 43 adolescents with internalizing disorders and 44 adolescents with externalizing disorders and their parents were administered the MMPI-A-RF and K-CBCL each. To verify the difference between the internalization and externalization scales of the MMPI-A-RF and K-CBCL for each group, independent-sample t test was performed. To compare the agreement between the MMPI-A-RF and K-CBCL, correlation analysis was also conducted. Lastly, to identify which scales significantly best predict each of the internalizing and externalizing disorder, logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results : Internalization scales of the MMPI-A-RF and K-CBCL were significantly higher in the internalizing disorder group, and the externalization scales were significantly higher in the externalizing disorder group. The positive correlation was significant only for internalization problems between the two evaluation measures in both groups (each r=0.360, p<0.05, r=0.572, p<0.05). In addition, the scales significantly predicted internalizing and externalizing disorders were the internalization and externalization scales of the MMPI-A-RF, followed by the externalization scale of the K-CBCL (R²=0.407, p<0.05). Conclusions : The internalization and externalization higher-order scales of the MMPI-A-RF were found to reliably reflect the characteristics of each disorder in adolescents and be useful evaluative scales to differentiate disorders. Moreover, if adolescents show externalization problems, additional information from the K-CBCL can be more useful to differentiate disorders.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 2016

Objectives: The present study investigated current practices of insomnia treatment among Korean doctors in clinical settings. Methods: A total of 100 doctors participated in the present study and filled out a series of survey questions regarding their treatment of insomnia patients. Results: The results revealed that the primary type of insomnia treatment was pharmacological and that the most popular medication was zolpidem. The majority of doctors reported that they also utilized non-pharmacological treatments such as sleep hygiene education and cognitive-behavioral therapy. However, these treatments tended to result in low satisfaction. In addition, the doctors perceived that patients largely preferred pharmacological treatments to non-pharmacological ones and did not have sufficient knowledge of non-pharmacological treatments. Conclusion: Many doctors believed that non-pharmacological treatments for insomnia were important, but reported that they were difficult to implement in practice. The results of this study suggest that improved medical conditions for non-pharmacological treatments and education of physicians are necessary to appropriately treat insomnia.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1609-1619
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to identify the construct validity and reliability of a Korean version of the Wellness Evaluation of Lifestyle (K-WEL). A total of 345 nursing students completed the 99-item K-WEL. Construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted using SPSS WIN 22.0 and AMOS 18.0. The final K-WEL consisted of 71 scored items, 14 subscales (self worth, work, spirituality, gender identity, love, friendship, realistic belief, leisure, exercise, nutrition, stress management, emotional responsiveness, sense of control, sense of humor) and 4 factors (essential, social, physical and coping self). Goodness of fit of the final research model was acceptable as shown by ${\chi}^2=225.12$, p<.001, CMIN/DF=3.17, RMSEA=.08, NFI=.87, IFI=.91, CFI=.91. The convergent validity and discriminant validity was evaluated by AVE (.61~.69) and C.R. (.79~.89). The Cronbach's alpha values were .55~.87 for the subscales of K-WEL. This study shows that the K-WEL is a valid and reliable measurement to assess multidimensional aspects of wellness.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.637-648
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• 2013

The relationship between the cerebral cortex and human intelligence has been studied using various methods, and related brain areas involved in intellectual manifestation have been discovered individually. Such studies have also shown the cerebellum is closely involved in various cognitive functions such as language, memory, and information processing. However, studies showing an activity difference between the cerebral cortex and cerebellum when performing specific tasks are hard to find. This study searched and analyzed the active regions of the cerebral cortex and cerebellum seen while performing the inference of geometrical figures. A WAIS intelligence test was conducted using 81 healthy boys (16.3 years of age on average), and five categories were classified. While performing the inference of shapes, their brain images were taken using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). As a result, the activity in 12 brain regions was observed, including in the cerebral cortex, the bilateral inferior parietal, the visual cortex, bilateral superior parietal, frontal-Inf-Tri-R, and bilateral caudate, while activities in 5 discrete areas were seen in the cerebellum. In particular, the higher the intelligence (IQ) of the subject, the stronger their activity. Among those with the most superior intelligence, subjects with an IQ of 140-147 showed significantly higher activity compared to the other groups. Such results seem to represent a very high utilization of intelligence in a highly gifted group, and we can expect to use this to determine the super gifted.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.469-484
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• 2017

Radiological Technologists deals with the life of a person which means professional competency is essential for the job. Nevertheless, there have been no studies in Korea that identified the job competence of radiologists. In order to define the core job competencies of Korean radiologists and to present the factor models, 147 questionnaires on job competency of radiology were analyzed using 'PASW Statistics Version 18.0' and 'AMOS Version 18.0'. The valid model consisted of five core job competencies ('Patient management', 'Health and safety', 'Operation of equipment', 'Procedures and management') and 17 sub - competencies. As a result of the factor analysis, the RMSEA value was 0.1 and the CFI, and TLI values were close to 0.9 in the measurement model of the five core job competencies. The validity analysis showed that the mean variance extraction was 0.5 or more and the conceptual reliability value was 0.7 or more, And there was a high correlation between subordinate competencies included in each subordinate competencies. The results of this study are expected to provide specific information necessary for the training and management of human resources centered on competence by clearly showing the job competence required for radiologists in Korea's health environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.152-159
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze how consumers make links between convenience meat products and self-relevant consequences and value. Surveys on convenience meat product consumption patterns and hard laddering based on means-end chain theory were conducted from April 21 to April 25, 2014 and targeted 200 consumers in the US. The most preferred cooking method of convenience meat product was roast (25.9%) and the most common information medium was suggestions by friends and parents (37.1%). The main as well as desired places of purchasing were both the supermarket (33.6% and 27.3%, respectively). The most preferred promotion method was free sample events (38.5%). From analyzing means-end chains of convenience meat products, the most dominant value chain was 'taste (A)'-'good taste (C)'-'feel good (V)'. These results show that consumption of convenience meat products will increase when consumer expectations of taste and satisfaction are met. Further, results of the value measurement provide information on consumer satisfaction and needs and can be applied to set marketing strategies for Korean style convenience meat products.