• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 2015

A new SRCF (Steel Reinforced Concrete Frame) external connection method for seismic strengthening of medium-and low-rise reinforced concrete buildings is reported in this paper. The SRCF method, proposed in this study, is capable of carrying out the seismic retrofitting construction while residents can live inside building. The method is one of the strength design approach by retrofit which can easily increase the ultimate lateral load capacity of concrete buildings controlled by shear. The pseudo-dynamic test, designed using a existing school building in Korea, was carried out in order to verify the seismic strengthening effects of the proposed method in terms of the maximum load carrying capacity and deformation. Test results revealed that the proposed SRCF strengthening method installed in RC frame enhanced conspicuously the strength and deformation capacities, and the method can resist markedly under the large scaled earthquake intensity level.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.148-157
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• 2012

Recently, evacuation safety of building residents becomes the major concern, as the building has been higher and more complicated. Many high-rise multi use buildings are under construction in Korea. Required evacuation time using stairway is longer in high-rise buildings, moreover it is impossible for the disabled to evacuate by using stairway. For this reason the study on the effectiveness of using elevator for evacuation is being progressed. Elevator shaft flow coefficient is the major factor for the calculation of elevator piston effect. The results of this study can be used for the study of elevator piston effect as basic data. The flow coefficient simulation was performed using FLUENT, commercial CFD program. As a result of the flow coefficient simulation, the coefficient is 0.88 considering the safety factor. This result is verified that the result of experimental study, 0.86 is conservative.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.582-596
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to explore the ways to improve the security of temporary shelters in case of nuclear power plant accidents. Method: In this study, we mainly rely on the case studies on previous nuclear power plant accidents-Chernobyl, Fukushima, and Three Mile Island (TMI) cases. Result: The current radiation emergency response plans for nuclear power plant accidents center around the evacuation procedure. As a result, the concept of "shelter in place" has been understood as a means of assisting resident evacuation. However, based on the case studies, we find that encouraging shelter in place, rather than simply emphasizing evacuation, would help minimize unnecessary casualties, especially in case of the accidents rated greater than or equal to INES 5. To facilitate better shelter in place, we recommend utilize apartments as temporary shelters and suggest some possible improvements to ensure those apartments could be equipped with technologies for high radiation protection. Conclusion: To ensure better shelter in place, we recommend using apartments as temporary shelters, and we seek to supplement the function of apartments by using shielding, positive pressure, and sealing technologies.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.63-69
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• 2001

Applying a life safety concept to apartment design procedure is essential to protect people from unwanted fire. A Balcony design in apartment is a important egress safety factor because it provide means of safe egress and can limit a flame spread to adjacent space from fire source. Some design principles and details of balcony plan are suggested to improve egress safety level with analyzing broad case study.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.687-691
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• 2010

구조물의 건전도를 평가하기 위해 상시 구조물 계측을 이용한 Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) 시스템을 적용하게 된다. SHM 시스템의 궁극적 목적은 계측된 데이터를 이용하여 구조물의 손상위치 및 손상정도를 분석하여 거주자에게 유지관리정보와 대처요령 신속하게 제공하는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 구조물의 손상탐지를 위해 인공신경망(Artificial Neural Network)을 도입한 알고리즘을 수립하고, 이를 3층 실대 RC Mock-up 구조물에 적용하여 성능을 평가하였다. 먼저 인공신경망의 학습을 위해 구조해석 프로그램을 이용하여 구조물의 손상에 따른 동적특성 변화 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 그리고 학습된 인공망에 실제 구조물에서 추출한 동특성의 변화를 입력하여 손상탐지를 실시하였다. 이를 통해 인공신경망의 학습방법, 학습데이터의 정규화 방법 등을 규명하고 인공신경망을 이용한 손상탐지의 효과를 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.13-18
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• 1999

기존의 공조방식 및 본 연구에서 제안한 개별환경제어시스템(PEM)으로부터 열유체 유동 헤석용 PHOENICS 프로그램을 이용하여 3차원 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 재실자가 거주하고 있는 CR(컴퓨터실)에서의 Heat Gain과 재실자 온열성 특성을 감성공학적 측면에서 분석하였다. 본 연구로부터 바닥으로부터 공기를 유입하여 천정으로 유출하는 바닥취출공조방식이 실내 환경 개선에 유리하고 diffuser만을 통하여 공기가 유입되어 천정과 바닥으로 공기가 유출되는 PEM 방식은 열적 냉각 성능은 좋으나 PC와 재실자 주변에 강력한 재순환 유동이 발생되어 실내 환경의 쾌적성 측면에서는 불리하나 PEM과 TAM방식의 결합이 감성공학적 온열특성 분포로부터 CR실의 재실자 주변 온도 분포에 최적임을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.477-484
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• 2019

As the residence time in the vehicle increases, the passenger desires a pleasant and stable riding environment in addition to the high driving performance of the vehicle. The windshield defrosting performance is one of the performance requirements that is essential for driver's safe driving. In order to improve the defrosting performance of the windshield of a vehicle, relevant elements such as the shape of the defrost nozzle should be appropriately designed. In this paper, CFD based numerical analysis is conducted to improve defrost performance of small electric vehicles. The defrost performance analysis was performed by changing the angle of the defrost nozzle and the guide vane that spray hot air to the windshield of the vehicle. Numerical simulation results show that the defrosting performance is best when the defrost nozzle angle is $70^{\circ}$ and the guide vane installation angle is $60^{\circ}$. Based on the analytical results, the defrosting experiment was performed by fabricating the defrost nozzle and the guide vane. As a result of the experiment, it is confirmed that the frost of windshield is removed by 80% within 20 minutes, and it is judged that the defrost performance satisfying the FVMSS 103 specification is secured.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.56-62
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• 2016

The purpose of this research is to explore both on-site manager's and resident's assessment of the Automated Vacuum Waste Collection System (AVWCS) in suburban apartment complexes. In doing so, a self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted in 10 districts and their 11 apartment complexes in the Seoul Metropolitan Area. The main findings can be summarized as follows: the managers considered the AVWCS to be economically efficient and environmentally fiendly, and suggested that the system be managed in a more professional way, with an advanced technology and by more qualified technicians. The recommendation was related to residents' complaints and frequent mechanical failures frequently occurring in waste inlets and waste transport piping of the system. For residents using the system, the system was satisfactory, and should be necessarily improved with more user-friendly features. Further, most comments made by the residents were relevant to waste inlets such as safety, cleanliness, prompt repair, odor reduction, waste separation. It's of significant to train residents with how to properly use the system, which is expected to substantially fall a number of residents' complaints. Therefore, both professional management of AVWCS and regular workshops on how to utilize it are crucial in order to heighten its strengths.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.111-121
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• 2009

Value Engineering(VE) at design phase(so-called Design-VE) becomes quite a compulsory solution for better customer satisfaction, cost reduction, higher product performance, and, eventually, insured predominance in the competition. Unlike intended, however, the customer requirement on Design-VE has not been fully reflected in reality. Furthermore, the Design-VE occasionally does not progress in regular sequence; Preparation for measuring customer requirement - Function analysis - Idea creation. Therefore, this study suggests Axiomatic Design Theory to be adopted in Design-VE process expecting that the functions required by the customer could systematically reflected in VE process. Post-occupancy Evaluation(POE) is also represented as a method to measure and arrange the customer requirements. The customer satisfaction Design-VE process creates ideas defining functions in more detailed, to reflect the concrete user requirement. This approach helps function analysis and idea creation linked closely because function and idea are developed zigzag (i.e. function - idea - function...) in being decomposed into level down. The application of the process proposed by this study will be helpful to improve the customer requirement measurement and clarify a link between functions and ideas.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.180-186
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• 2016

There are many apartment buildings with the government's policy of increasing the supply of residential houses in Korea. Roughly 60% of the Korea population are living in apartment buildings. Since the 1970s, the Korean economy has grown enormously, the economic and social structure was radically transformed to industrialization and urbanization step. A village has grown into a large town in Korea and apartment buildings was constructed to solve national housing shortage by the Korean government and the construction company. Since the 2000s, this apartment buildings which was built in the 1970s and 1980s had become gradually deteriorated. So, reconstruction and remodeling project of apartment buildings have been come into request in Korea. There are two way to improve the residential environment. The one is remodeling of apartment buildings and the other is reconstruction of that. Therefore, we carried out questionnaire and survey study of the preference on the reconstruction and remodeling of old aged apartment which were located in daejeon province. As a result, the preference rate of remodeling is increasing instead of reconstruction because reconstruction of apartment buildings takes more money and needs long construction period.