• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1126-1139
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• 2014

World is experiencing abnormal weather caused by urbanization and industrialization increasing greenhouse gas and one of these phenomenon domestically happening is flood and drought. The increase of green-house gases is due to urbanization and industrialization acceleration which are causing abnormal climate changes such as the El Nino and a La Nina phenomenon. It is expected that there will be many difficulties in water management, especially considering the topography and seasonal circumstances in Korea. Unlike in the past, a variety of water conservation initiatives have been undertaken like the river-management flow and water capacity expansion projects. To meet the increasing demand for water resources, new environmentally-friendly small and medium-sized dams have been built. Therefore, the development of a new paradigm for water resources management is essential. This study shows that additional security is needed for potential water resources through diversion tunnels and is very important to consider for future water supplies and situations. Using RCP 6.0 and RCP 8.5 in representative concentration pathway climate change scenario, specific hydrologic data of study basin was produced to analyze past observed basin rainfall tendency which showed both scenario 5%~9% range increase in rainfall. Through sensitivity analysis using objective function, population in highest goodness was 1000 and cross rate was 80%. In conclusion, it is expected that the results from this study will help to make long-term and stable water supply plans by using the potential water resource evaluation model which was applied in this study.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.69-88
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• 2005

Distribution of benthic macrofauna was surveyed in the subtidal area and on the sand flat of Sindu-ri coast during July 2002. A total of 134 species, 3,511 individuals and 388g biomass of macrobenthos were sampled inclusively from the study sites. 109 species with a mean density of $1,298ind./m^2$ and biomass of $69.4g/m^2$ were collected from 10 stations established in the subtidal area. Polychaetes were represented as a dominant faunal group of the subtidal area in both species richness and density with values of 54 species and $813ind./m^2$. Cluster analysis based on the faunal composition showed that the subtidal area could be divided into four stational groups according to sedimentary characteristics: Cirrophorus armatus - Lumbrineris longifolia association on the mud sediment with pebbles near aqua-farms; Aonides oxycephala association on the rocky bed; Scoloplos armiger - Grandifoxus cuspis association on the sand-dominated sediment along the lowest low water; a association with higher evenness on the sand-dominated sediment in the depth. Although having characteristics of high value in species richness, density and species diversity, the macrobenthic association around the farming area was dominated by the opportunistic species such as Lumbrineris longifolia and Tharyx sp. Natural community represented by S. armiger and G. cuspis was developed in most sand-dominated areas. 50 species were sampled with a mean density of $2,443ind./m^2$ and biomass of $381.3g/m^2$ from eight+ stations along two transects on Sindu-ri sand flat. Mollusks were represented as a dominant faunal group of the sand flat in species richness, density and biomass with values of 20 species, $1,345ind./m^2$ and $350.4g/m^2$, respectively. Umbonium thomasi, Veneridae sp., Mandibulophoxus mai, Armandia lanceolata, Eohaustorius spinigerus, Urothoe convexa were dominant species and these species accounted for over 83% of total individuals. There were three distinct zones of macrobenthos on Sindu-ri sand flat according to the extent of exposure time. The upper zone was dominated by Scopimera globosa, the middle zone was characterized by M. mai, and the lower zone was dominated by E. spinigerus. Sindu-ri coastal area was considered as a healthy habitat for macrobenthos, except for around the farming area. It was considered that Sindu-ri coastal area including the sand flat connected to the sand dune of natural monument was a valuable habitat as a protected site in having no pollution source and no artificial structure.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.221-231
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• 1996

The planting plan for the establishment of Eco-bridge were suggested to restore the ecosystem where has been ecologically isolated by rood construction in Chimgogae of Odaesan National Park. Eco-bridge contributes as a corridors to the faunal movement. To survey the vegetation, 16 plots within 6 sites were selected and 10 by 10 meters in size set up. In the results of Chingogae's vegetation analysis, succession trends was from Quercus mongolica to Carpinus laxiflora, Carpinus cordata, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Tilia amurensis and so on. It turned out that the nearer sites had high similariyt and vegetation continuity obviously in the similarity index analysis. In the analysis of the number of species and individuals, final step of planting plan needs about 15 species and 10~12 trees, 17~18 subtrees and 100 shrubs in size 100m$^{2}$. Planting species was selected from adjacent sites. The plant species suited for the eco-bridge establishment in this area can be suggested such as Carpinus cordata, Cornus controversa, Q. mongolica etc. and 12 subtree and shrub such as Syringa reticulata var. mandshurica, Sambucus williacsii var. coreaca, Acer pseudosieboldianum and so on.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.79-89
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• 2016

News organizations are looking for a way that can be reused accumulated intellectual property in order to find a new insights. BBC is a worldwide media that continually enhances the value of the news articles by using Linked Data model. Thus, utilizing the Linked Data model, by reusing the stored articles, can significantly improve the value of news articles. In this paper, we conducted a study of Linked Data construction for the healthcare news from a newspaper company. The object names associated with medical description or connected to other published information have been constructed into Linked Open Data service. The results of the study are to systematically organize the news data that were accumulated rashly, and to provide the opportunity to find new insights that could not be found before by connecting to other published information. It may be able to contribute to reused news data. Finally, using SPARQL query language can contribute to interactively searched news data.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.49-49
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein (VSV-G)를 envelope로 가지는 pantropic retrovirus vector system을 이용하여 재조합 human FSH 유전자가 전이된 형질전환 닭을 생산하고자 하였다. Human FSH $\alpha$ 및 $\beta$ 유전자와 CTP linker는 human pituitary gland cDNA library에서 RT-PCR 방법을 이용하여 cloning하였으며, 각각의 fragment는 FSH$\beta$-CTP-FSH$\alpha$ 순서의 단일사슬로 연결하였다. 연결된 FSH$\beta$-CTP-FSH$\alpha$는 retroviral vector 내의 $\beta$-actin promoter의 조절 하에 도입한 후, PT67 packaging cell line에 transfection하여 virus를 생산하였으며 생산된 virus는 pantropic한 virus producing cell인 GP293에 infection하여 FSH 유전자가 도입된 virus를 생산하였다. FSH 유전자의 발현을 in vitro에서 확인하기 위하여 CHO (chinese hamster ovary) 세포에 virus를 감염시킨 후, 세포의 배양액을 취하여 electrochemilumine-scence immunoassay 방법으로 정량하였다. In vitro에서 전이 후 발현이 확인된 FSH 외래유전자의 retroviral vector virus를 초원심분리로 고농축하여 stageX의 계란의 배반엽 층에 주입하였으며, 그 결과 18%의 부화율과 91%의 부화한 닭의 유전자 전이율을 확인할 수 있었다. 전이된 유전자의 확인은 FSH$\beta$와 Neo 유전자에 대한 primer를 이용한 RT-PCR의 방법을 이용하였다. In vitro에서와는 달리 in vivo에서는 FSH 유전자의 전이는 확인되었으나 발현을 확인하지는 못하였는데, 이는 적은 수의 실험군이 형질전환율에 비해 상대적이지 못하였거나, 외래 유전자인 FSH의 발현에 의한 생리적인 부작용이 유발되어 해당개체가 부화되지 못한 것으로 추정된다. 본 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 실험군의 수를 늘리고 외래 유전자에 대한 controllable expression system이 보완될 필요성이 요구되며, 이러한 점이 해결된다면 높은 유전자 전이율에 기인하여 retrovirus를 이용한 형질전환 방법은 형질전환 가금의 생산에 있어서 매우 효율적이고 주목할 만한 방법으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.36D no.7
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• pp.56-65
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• 1999

In this paper, a pixelated binary phase grating to generate $5{\times}5$ spots in designed using simple Genetic Algorithm(sGA) composed of selection, crossover, and mutation operators, and it can be applied for the optical interconnection. So as to adapt that GA is a robust and efficient schema, a chromosome is coded as a binary integer of length $32{\times}32$, the ranking method for decreasing the stochastic sampling error is performed, and a single-point crossover having $16{\times}16$ block size is used. A designed grating when the probabillty of mutation is 0.001, the probability of crossover is 0.75 and the population size is 300 has a 74.7[%] high diffraction efficiency and a $1.73{\times}10^{-1}$ uniformity quantitatively.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.25-30
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• 2012

As the network composed of numerous sensor nodes, sensor network conducts the function of sensing the surrounding information by sensor and of the sensed information. Our military has also developed ICT(Information and Communication Technology) along with the methods for effective war by sharing smooth information of battlefield resources through network with each object. In this paper, a sensor network is clustered in advance and a cluster header (CH) is elected for clusters. Before deployment, a certificate is provided between the BS and the sensor nodes, and after clustering, authentication is done between the BS and the sensor nodes. Moreover, inter-CH authentication technique is used to allow active response to destruction or replacement of sensor nodes. Also, because authentication is done twice, higher level of security can be provided.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.7 s.349
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• pp.14-23
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• 2006

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) consists of huge number of sensor nodes which are small and inexpensive with very limited resources. The public key cryptography is undesirable to be used in WSN because of the limitations of the resources. A key management and predistribution techniques are required to apply the symmetric key cryptography in such a big network. Many key predistribution techniques and approaches have been proposed, but most of-them didn't consider the real WSN assumptions, In this paper, we propose a security framework that is based on a hierarchical grid for WSN considering the proper assumptions of the communication traffic and required connectivity. We apply simple keying material distribution scheme to measure the value of our framework. Finally, we provide security analysis for possible security threats in WSN.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.269-281
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• 2004

The survey of birds in Nakdong River Basin was conducted from March in 2003 to February in 2004. This study shows that the population of birds was 94,481 individuals and 114 species. The bird recorded in Daemadeung (Ⅰ) was 21,781 individuals and 55 species. It is surrounded with silt to have a better condition for a habitat and the rest place than other areas in the Nakdong River Basin. In the traits of the groups, Grebes were well established in the lower estuary(Eulsook islet), Cormorants in the main stream of the Nakdong River and around West Nakdong River (F). Swans, Shelduck and Shorebirds were using silt in the lower estuary where the depth of water is shallow, dabbling ducks were also established in West Nakdong River (F) and Yummak (C), diving ducks in the upper Nosan Watergate in West Nakdong River (F). Besides, land birds was distributed in the Yummak (C), Eulsook islet (A) and West-Nakdong River (F). Because they are connected with the artifical forest in Eulsook Islet Garbage Field and Ⅱwoong islet, it is good for the land birds and the water birds to have a habitat in this kinds of vacant lot. The Nakdong River Basin is not only an important area as the habitat and rest place for ducks and geese but also one of the areas where we can not get out of the temptation to development. To preserve effectively the natural habitat from human s intervention, it needs to keep supervising in Daejeo Watergate (E) and the upper area Noksan watergate in West Nakdong River (F) and Yummak (C).

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 1994

본 연구는 종모우의 선발방법으로 난포란을 이용하여 실험실내 정자의 수정능력을 직접 검정하여 평가코자 시도되었다. 즉 본 실험은 후대검정중에 있는 한우 후보종모우 15두의 동결융해정자의 수정능력을 평가하기 위하여 정액을 고장액(HIS)에 처리한 후 DM에서 6시간 그리고 소 난포액이 20% 첨가된 DM에서 4시간 전배양하여 수정능을 획득시켜 정자의 활력과 첨체 반응율을 조사하였고 전배양된 정자의 체내(토끼 난관) 또는 체외수정능력을 조사하기 위하여 FCS 15%, 발정암소혈정(CSS) 10%가 첨가된 mKRB에서 체외성숙된 한우난포란과 수정시켜 수정능력을 평가하였으며 인공수정에 의한 개체별 수태율과도 비교 검토한 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 한우 난포란의 체외성숙율은 BSA 첨가구 에서 43.8%, FCS 15% 첨가구에서 67.4%, CSS10% 첨가구에서 69.9%이었다. 2. 토끼 난관에서 체외수정율은 BSA 참가구에서 43.8%, FCS 15% 참가구 41.2% 및 CSS 10% 참가구 35.0% 이었다. 3. 후보종무우 15두의 정액을 HIS-DM으로 처리후 6시간 전배양하였을 때 정자의 활력지수는 9-32%였고 첨체반응율은 19-44% 이었으며 20% 난포액을 첨가하여 4시간 전배양 하였을 때 정자의 활력지수는 9-13% 이었고 첨체반응율은 20-43%로 개체간에 차이가 있었다. 4. 체외수정율은 6.6-85.7%였으며, 발정암소혈청(CSS) 10%가 첨가된 mKRB에서 성숙시킨 난포란이 FCS 15% 첨가된 mKRB에서 성숙시킨 난포란보다 다소 높았으나, 정자수정능획득방법간에는 차이가 없었 다. 5. 체외수정율에 있어서 전배양후 정자활력지수와는 부의 상관이 었으며, 첨체반응율과는 낮은 정의 상 관을 나타냈다. 6. 종모우의 수태율은 체외수정율, 정자활력지수 및 첨체반응율과 낮은 정의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 7. 종모우의 개체간 수태율 우열순위에서는 수정율순위와의 사이에 더욱 낮은 부의 상관관계를 보였다. 8. 이상의 연구결과 비록 후대정검중의 제한된 자료로 인하여 종모우 수태율과 체외수정율간에 유의적 인 상관관계는 없었으나, 연결 한우 수정율 평가에 대한 실험실내의 검정가능성을 찾을 수 있었다.