This study was carried out to investigate the effects of the optimal fertilizer application levels and planting space at different seeding parts on Chinese yam from 1992 to 1993. The results obtained was as follows: The earlist day to emergence was 42~56 days at tuber section, 37~46 days at an aerial tuber, and 50~56 days at an exposed parent material. in turn. The days to emergence were delayed by increasing fertilizer application levels. In the growth of the under-ground parts, vine length was increased in a tuber section, aerial tuber, and an exposed parent material in turn. The tuber section by 60${\times}$20cm at planting space, 56-56-64 Kg/10a at fertilizer application levels was appeared to be good growth among underground parts. As planted close, the growth of tuber section was decreased. The totoal yield was appeared to be increased about 19% in a tuber section planted as 30${\times}$20cm compared with 60${\times}$20cm. In an exposed parent ma-terial, the planting space, 30${\times}$15cm, was increased 10% compared with 45${\times}$15cm, and in an aerial tuber, the planting space, 10${\times}$10cm, was increased about 10% comparing 30${\times}$10cm. Fertilization level(N-$P_2O_2K_2O$) in 56-56-64Kg/10a was increased 39 to 47% comparing 28-28-32 Kg/10a. And the heavy dressing and the close planting space were appeared to be produced the highest yield. In considering commercial quality, the optimal combination between seeding parts and planting space is recommended to improve commercial qualities and high yield.
The effects of air temperature on the grain filling stage of indica-japonica crosses were studied in artificial temperature-controlled cabinets, using Indica-Japonica crosses (Suweon 264, Suweon 258 and Milyang 29), Indica IR 36 and Lengkwang) and a Japonica rice (Jinheung). The optimum temperature to achieve maximum grain weight during the grain-filling stage was $26/18^{\circ}C$ for all varieties. Within the temperature range of 13 to $28^{\circ}C$, the grain filling period was shorter as the temperature was increased. At the highest temperature $(32/24^{\circ}C)$ the upper-position grains ("special spikelets") of IR 36 required 13days after flowering to reach the maximum weight, in Jinheung 23 days, in indica-japonica varieties (Suweon 264, Suweon 258, and MiIyang 29) 18 days, and in Lengkwang, 23 days. In the case of Lengkwang, at $32/24, \;29/21^{\circ}C$ and $26/18^{\circ}C$temperature range the upper-position grain also required same 23 days after flowering to reach the maximum weight. At the lowest temperature range of $17/9^{\circ}C$, Jinheung required 68 days and Lengkwang 53 days after flowering to reach maximum grain weight. The whole panicle took 10 to 15 days later than the special spikelets to reach the maximum weight. At lower-than-optimum temperature range $(l7/9^{\circ}C\;and\;20/12^{\circ}C)$, all IR 36 plant died within 15 days after flowering. In the case of indica-japonica varieties all plants died within 15 days only at $17/9^{\circ}C$. There were more chalky grains when the temperature was higher and lower than optimum. The highest and lowest temperature range produced dead rice (black and dark red rice). Lower than optimum temperature ranges $(17/9^{\circ}C\;and\;20/12^{\circ}C)$ affected grain quality (length, width and depth) at these temperature ranges, grains were shorter, narrower, and thinner than grains at the optimum temperature of $26/18^{\circ}C$. With regared and the effects of temperature on frequency of grain weight at grain filling stage of indica variety IR 36, the highest $(32/24^{\circ}C)$ and lowest $(23/15^{\circ}C)$ temperature ranges matched the frequency of grain weight curves. In Japonica variety Jinheung, at the three temperature ranges, that is, lowest $(17/9^{\circ}C)$ highest $(32/24^{\circ}C)$ and optimum $(26/18^{\circ}C)$, the frequency of grain weight curve showed very different patterns, In the case of indica-japonica variety Suweon 258, the frequency of grain weight curve was midway between that of IR 36 and Jinheung. Jinheung.
The effects of subsoiling on improving soil physical properties for increasing yield of rice were studied at different depths and spacings in a clay loam paddy soils. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Working efficiencies of subsoiling at depth 50cm were lower than those at depth 30cm by tractor, while subsoiling ratios at depth 50cm were higher than those at depth 30cm. 2. During cultivation period, water requirement in 50cm depth subsoiling was higher than that in 30cm depth subsoiling. Water requirement in the central part was more rapid about 1.0-2.0mm/day than in the middle between two neighbouring central points. 3. Soil physical properties such as hardness, bulk density and porosity were significantly improved by subsoiling and the subsoiling effects have been continued until the second year. Negative correlations between yield and bulk density or hardness of subsoil were observed. 4. A lograrithmic function was observed between rice yield ($\hat{Y}$) and subsoiling ratio(X) at depth of 20cm. The optimum space for subsoiling in 30 and 50cm depth. was 80 and 120cm, respectively.
Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
/
v.9
no.4
/
pp.65-76
/
2014
The basic purpose of this study is to examine the relationship among entrepreneurial intention, university supports for startup, and startup activities of university students. For the study, we identified the influence factors of students' startup intention based on reviewing preceding studies and examined how these factors affect their intention of new venture startup. In addition, this study attempted to examine how these factors that can have a significant impact on entrepreneurial intention affect startup activities and analyzed how entrepreneurial intention would mediate the relationship between these influence factors and startup activities. A total of 769 students who chosen by random were surveyed and all questionnaires were sent by mail to the universities that entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial programs were selected as the forerunners from the government. As a result, this study revealed that student's psychological traits such as entrepreneurial self-efficacy and risk-taking have significant effect on the intention of startup. And student's exposure to the role models and various entrepreneurial experiences such as entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial student's club in the university has significantly positive influence on the intention of startup. This study also found that the effects of these explanatory variables of this research on startup activities have been partially mediated by entrepreneurial intention. The entrepreneurial intention was also proven to have a significant effect on startup activities. Finally, the extent to which university supports activities for students' startup moderated the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and university students' startup activities. We believe that these results of this study contribute to the understanding of the entrepreneurship process both theoretical and practical perspectives.
Study was conducted to investigate the optimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer for the green forage production of Italian ryegrass at the paddy field after rice harvesting in southern part of Korea in 1987 and 1988. Effects of three levels of nitrogen fertilizer application (15, 30 and 45 kg N/10a) on the green yield and nitrate content of green forage at three cutting times (April 30, May 20 and June 10) were examined in 1988. The results were as follows. 1. Yield of green forage at all cutting times increased in order of 45 > 30 > 15 kg N/10a, and it increased about 14 percent in the 45 kg N/10a and decreased about 35 percent in the 15 kg N/10a compared with the 30 kg N/10a. 2. Nitrate content in the green forage at all cutting times was high with increasing amount of nitrogen fertilizer and with decreasing ratio of K/(Ca+Mg) in green forage. The nitrate content at the second and the third cutting times in the 45 kg N/10a might be outrunned the tentative limitation for cattle. 3. Maximum amount of nitrogen fertilizer was 48 kg/10a for total green forage production, but it was 38 kg/10a near at cattle's harmful limit of nitrate content in green forage.
'Sanggang' was a new adlay cultivar which was developed from the three way crosses of $(Hukuhane\;{\times}\;Suwon-6)\;{\times}$ Suwon-6 at the Northern Agricultural Research Station, Gyunggido ARES. This cultivar had green sheaf, dark-green leaf, green culm, milky white silk and darkbrown seedcoat. Sanggang shortened 10 days of heading date and 12 days of ripening time compared with Yulmoo 1. In the yield's conponent of Sanggang, the number of grains was by 56 grains less but ripening rate and 1,000 grain weight were higher by 6.5% and 20.1 g compared with Yulmoo 1, respectively. This cultivar showed moderate resistance to leaf blight. The yield of Sanggang was about 313 kg/10a of unpolished grain at ordinary cultivation. This cutivar showed about 17% and 27% higher yield in Yonchon Gyeonggi province and Cheongju Chungbuk province compared with the check variety respectively. This cultivar was adaptable to mono cropping in central and northern region of Korea.
Field experiments were conducted to avail the accumulated phosphorus by silica 200kg/10a and compost 2,000kg/10a instead of phosphate fertilization in 1988 to 1989. Cultivated varieties were Dongjinbyeo in paddy soils of Av. $P_2O_5$ 233ppm, and Baegunkong in upland soils of Av. $P_2O_5$ 530ppm. The results were as follows. 1. Available phosphorus in the soil was increased about 60ppm in silica and compost application compared with control. Its increment rate by silica and compost application was higher in paddy soils than in upland soils. 2. Absorbed phosphorus by plant was increased in silica and compost application compared with control, whose difference was higher in soybean plant than in rice plant. 3. Amount of absorbed phosphorus in plant was negative in relation to soil DTPA-Fe, but was positive in relation to soil reduction and root nodule of soybean. 4. Persistence rate of phosphorus was about 80 percent in compost application and 100 percent in phosphate fertilization compared with control, and it was apt to decrease by silica. 5. The yield of rice was no difference between with and without phosphate fertilization, but the yield of soybean was increased 5 percent in none application compared with phosphate fertilization.
To determine the optimum $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$ rate for dry matter production of Achyranthes japonica Nakai a medicinal plant, in Jeju island, plants were grown in 2001 under ten fertilizer treatments comprising of two N (90, and 180kg/ha) and five $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$ (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg/ha) levels. Plant height leaf length and width, stem diameter, and main root length and diameter were not significantly affected by $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$ rate while $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$ fertilization of 100 kg/ha increased the number of branches, spikes, and roots per hill by 18,38 and 43%, respectively, compared with the unfertilized $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$ treatment and decreased with further increases in $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$ rate. The number of roots per hill was greatest with the application of 200kg $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$. The highest utricle dry matter yield (2.92 t/ha) was obtained with the application of 100kg $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$. However, as $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$ rate increased from 0 to 100 and 200kg/ha, root dry matter yield increased from 2.36 to 3.55, and 3.80 t/ha, and then decreased to 3.14, and 2.86 t/ha at 300, and 400kg $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$ rates, respectively. As $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$ rate increased from 100 to 400 kg/ha, $\textrm{P}_2\textrm{O}_5$ recovery in aboveground parts decreased from 34.1 to 7.1%.
Park, Hi-Jin;Kwon, Byung-Sun;Lee, Jung-Il;Son, Eung-Ryong;Hwang, Jeong-Kyu
KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
/
v.34
no.4
/
pp.353-357
/
1989
This study was conducted to find out the optimum fertilizer level for three flax varieties Wiera, Stoment-Goss and Taijungsun#l from the winter cropping on drained paddy field of new experimental field in Muan at 6 compositions of fertilizer levels. Maturation dates was delayed in dressing plots, that was delayed to 3 or 4 days in Wiera and Stoment -Goss, 1 or 2 days in Taijungsun#l and it was early in Wiera and Stoment-Goss, 1 or 2 days in Taijungsun#l and it was early in the non dressing plot. Stem length was longest, oil content was increased, stem and seed yield were heaviest at the compositions of fertilizer amounts with N-P$_2$O$\sub$5/-K$_2$O were 8-6-4 Kg/10a. Maturation dates, Stem length, Oil content, Stem yield and Seed yield showed significant difference between fertilizer level and showed positive correlation. Judging from the results reported above, in optimum fertilizer amounts for N-P$_2$O$\sub$5/-K$_2$O from the winter cropping on drained paddy field of new experimental field in Muan seemed to be 8-6-4 Kg /l0a
Won Jong-Gun;Seo Young-Jin;Choi Jang-Soo;Kim Seung-Han;Kim Jong-Soo;Yoon Jae-Tak
KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
/
v.51
no.3
/
pp.199-203
/
2006
In the late growth stage of rice plant, the growth declines even though they grow well in early growth stage. This phenomenon is called autumn declining and it often accompanies the infection of Helminthosporium leaf spot disease. This study was carried out to identify the related environmental factors and to establish the integrated control system of Helminthosporium Leaf Spot Disease in rice. The total area of infected paddy field by Helminthosporium leaf spot was 470 ha in 2000 and 1,004 ha in 2001, which occupied about 1% of the total paddy area in Gyeongbuk province, Korea. The ill-drained sandy paddy occupied 50% of the total area of infected paddy fields and followed by sandy paddy (28%). Comparing the content of soil elements between infected and normal paddy, it was clarified that the organic matter content of normal was higher than that of infected paddy and the contents of inorganic elements such as Mn, Fe, Zn and available $SiO_2$ were also higher in normal paddy. The results of comparing the inorganic elements between infected and normal rice plants also showed the same results. The contents of inorganic elements such as MgO, $SiO_2$, Fe, Mn were higher in normal rice plants. Especially highly significant difference of $SiO_2$ content on both soil and rice plants was noticeable.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.