• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.2A
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• pp.115-120
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• 2008

We propose a cooperative transmission scheme that uses Hurwitz-Radon space-time code for the relays which help the source to transmit signals to the destination, the full utilization here is that the destination utilizes the broadcast symbols from the source. We present the 2 transmit antennas case in detail because of its simplicity and high data rate. Analysis and simulations show that the proposed scheme achieves full diversity order of 3. The maximum likelihood receiver is also derived and the combining scheme is shown to be very simple.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.33-44
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• 2009

한일 양국의 소방공무원의 신분, 계급체계, 신규채용, 승진제도 등에 대해 알아보았다. 우리나라는 국가직소방공무원까지 있는 점에서 일본보다 신분제도면에서는 우월하다고 할 수 있다. 우리나라는 소방사와 소방간부후보생으로 신규채용이 크게 2원화되어 있는데 비해 동경소방청은 모두 소방사로 채용하되 채용구분을 두고 있는 점이 다르며, 승진제도에 있어 우리나라보다 객관화된 제도를 갖고 있다고 할 수 있다. 그리고 우리나라는 채용구분이 퇴직까지 영향을 미치는데 비해 일본은 채용구분을 매년 전환할 수 있는 능력인정제도를 두고 있는 점에서 우리나라와 큰 차이가 있다고 볼 수 있다. 이러한 차이점은 우리나라 소방공무 원인사제도를 개혁하는데 참고가 될 것이다.

• The Korean Nurse
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• s.5
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• pp.35-39
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• 1963

요약하건데 ICN은 종합적 기초간호교육의 근본원리를 인정하고 이 목적을 달성하기 위하여 회원국들을 도와주어야 한다. ICN의 교육부 간부가 고문과 working party의 도움으로 현재 만든 ''기초 간호교육에 대한 국제적 질의''는 국제적인 견해를 근거로 하여 가치있는 결론과 건의를 가져와야 한다. 이것은 전체의 결말이 회원국을 적극적으로 후원하는 결과를 초래하여야 한다. ICN의 Grand Council은 이외로 표명된 의견을 주의 깊게 귀를 기울이고 종합적 기초간호교육을 강요해서는 안 된다. 최후로 Grand Council.은 일반 간호원이 아닌 소아과 간호원 등과 같은 특수분야 하나만을 훈련받은 간호원들의 지위를 재 고려하여야 할 것이다. 자기 나라에서 ''전문 간호원''으로 간주된다면 그 간호원들을 전문부(specialized section)에 ICN회원으로 받아 들일 수 있다는 것이 내 의견이다. 이것은 궁극적으로 ICN을 보다 강화할 것이며 경쟁적인 단체의 형성을 방지할 것이다.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.63-66
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 전역 예정자를 위한 국방전직교육원의 창업교육프로그램에 관한 현황을 진단해보고, 발전방안을 모색해 보는데 있다. 현재 국방전직교육원의 창업교육은 5년이상 중 장기복무 전역예정자 300명을 대상으로 기본교육 연간 6회(4박 5일)를 실시하는 것으로 나타났다. 국방전직교육프로그램의 발전방안을 모색해 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 군 조직, 간부 맞춤형 창업교육프로그램설계가 시급히 요구된다. 둘째, 현재와 같은 일회성 교육을 지양하고 현역 복무기간 중에 정례교육이 실시되어야 한다. 셋째, 각급 사단급 이상 제대의 공병 통신 전산 정비 등 특화된 기술병과의 경우 맞춤형 기술창업 교육이 필요하다. 넷째, 국방부 차원의 군인 가족들 대상으로 기업가정신교육프로그램 개발과 시행이 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.95-131
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• 2008

조직적 침체를 겪고 있는 특수고용노조들과 관련하여 초기조직화 후 노조활동경험에 대해서는 연구가 이루어지지 않은 상황에서 이 글은 특수고용노조운동으로서 가장 두드러진 활동을 전개해온 화물연대의 노조활동경험을 사례분석하여 특수고용노조 나아가 비정규노조의 활동에 있어서 고려해야 할 '노조운동의 동학'은 무엇인가를 탐색하였다. 연구자료로서 노조의 문서자료와 관련 연구결과자료 등을 이용하였다. 먼저 화물연대의 동학의 배경을 이루는 화물연대 5년의 전개과정을 환경, 전략, 요구, 조직, 투쟁, 교섭의 측면에서 그리고 성과와 한계를 개괄적으로 살펴보았다. 이를 바탕으로 화물연대의 전개과정에서 볼 수 있는 특수고용노조운동의 특수한 동학을 특수고용노조운동에 함의를 갖고 있다고 보이는 것에 초점을 맞추어 재정리하는 방식으로 추출하였다. 특수고용노조운동의 동학으로서 노동자성 불인정의 악영향, 노동자집단의식 형성의 어려움, 조직확대의 어려움, 조직의 동맥경화 가능성, 간부의 취약성, 대상, 공간 및 수준의 복잡성으로 인한 어려움, 높은 내외이질성으로 인한 어려움을 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 동학을 고려하여 초기조직화 이후 특수고용노조들이 집중해야 할 활동방향을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 연구의 한계와 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.424-434
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• 2009

Statement of problem: Problems such as loosening and fractures of retained screws and fracture of implant fixture have been frequently reported in implant prosthesis. Purpose: Implant has weak mechanical properties against lateral loading compared to vertical occlusal loading, and therefore, stress analysis of implant fixture depending on its material and geometric features is needed. Material and methods: Total 28 of external hexed implants were divided into 7 of 4 groups; Group A (3i, FULL $OSSEOTITE^{(R)}$Implant), Group B (Nobelbiocare, $Br{\aa}nemark$ $System^{(R)}$Mk III Groovy RP), Group C (Neobiotec, $SinusQuick^{TM}$ EB), Group D (Osstem, US-II). The type III gold alloy prostheses were fabricated using adequate UCLA gold abutments. Fixture, abutment screw, and abutment were connected and cross-sectioned vertically. Hardness test was conducted using MXT-$\alpha$. For fatigue fracture test, with MTS 810, the specimens were loaded to the extent of 60-600 N until fracture occurred. The fracture pattern of abutment screw and fixture was observed under scanning electron microscope. A comparative study of stress distribution and fracture area of abutment screw and fixture was carried out through finite element analysis Results: 1. In Vicker's hardness test of abutment screw, the highest value was measured in group A and lowest value was measured in group D. 2. In all implant groups, implant fixture fractures occurred mainly at the 3-4th fixture thread valley where tensile stress was concentrated. When the fatigue life was compared, significant difference was found between the group A, B, C and D (P<.05). 3. The fracture patterns of group B and group D showed complex failure type, a fracture behavior including transverse and longitudinal failure patterns in both fixture and abutment screw. In Group A and C, however, the transverse failure of fixture was only observed. 4. The finite element analysis infers that a fatigue crack started at the fixture surface. Conclusion: The maximum tensile stress was found in the implant fixture at the level of cortical bone. The fatigue fracture occurred when the dead space of implant fixture coincides with jig surface where the maximum tensile stress was generated. To increase implant durability, prevention of surrounding bone resorption is important. However, if the bone resorption progresses to the level of dead space, the frequency of implant fracture would increase. Thus, proper management is needed.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.315-321
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• 2003

Larval entrance and adult emergence holes of Japanese pine sawyer (Monochamus alternatus), primary vector of pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), were measured in dead pine logs from 1999 to 2002. Their distributions within pine log were also analyzed. More numbers of entrance and emergence holes were distributed on crown than trunk part as 56.2 and 27.7 holes/m$^2$, respectively Higher proportions of entrance (27.5％) and emergence holes (22.4%) were distributed on the log with 8 to 10 cm diameter; the larger or the smaller logs had fewer holes. Surface area of entrance hole was 65.8 $\textrm{mm}^2$ and diameter of emergence holes was 7.0 mm in average. Average depth of pupal chamber was 24.8 mm from surface to the bottom of the chamber, and its volume ranged from 200 to 2.000 ㎣ Average distance between entrance and emergence holes on bark surface was 3.3 cm. Gallery length from the beginning of entrance hole to the end of emergence hole was 46.2 mm.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.388-399
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• 1993

The adequate treatment of tibia fracture is one of the most difficult due to severe commiuntion, open wound, delayed union, angulation deformity and infection. We treated 38 fractures of the tibia by Interlocking intramedullary nail from Feb. 1983 to Mar. 1993, 35 cases of the tibia fracture were fresh, 13 cases of fracture were open. The other 3 cases were delayed union and nonunion. The Mean follow-up was 14.0 months. The results were as followings. 1. Of the 38 fractures, 37 fractures united and the mean union time was 18.7 weeks. 2. Interlocking intramedullary nail could be used to the majority of fractures of the proximal & distal tibia shaft fractures. 3. The Interlocking nail had rigid rotational stability and was appropriate for the treatment in severe unstable fractures, commninution and open with bone loss. 4. Delayed union or nonunion was a good indication for intramedullary nailling. 5. The major complication were valgus deformity of 2 cases, varus deformity of 1 case, 1 case deep infection. 6. Interlocking intramedullary nailing provided rigid fixation of fracture and then made early joint motion exercise and ambulation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.451-458
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• 1984

The effects of branched chain amino acids added to a diet on changes in the body weight with or without liver, moist and dry liver weight, protein, DNA, $^3H-thymidine$ incorporation into DNA, ana mitotic index of regenerating liver were studied in partial hepatectomized rat. Experimental diet was a 14.63% casein diet supplemented with 1.49% L-leucine, 0.90% L-isoleucine and 0.98% L-Valine, and control diet was an 18.0% casein. In both diets, 2.54% nitrogen were included. Rats fed experimental diet were significantly increased body weight with or without liver 7 days, and regenerated weight of dry liver and an index of liver regeneration 5 days after partial hepatectomy. Mitotic index, contents of protein and DNA increased in regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy was higher in experimental diet group. This results suggest that branched chain amino acids have an benefitial effect on whole body as well as liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rat.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 2009

Purpose: The appropriate management of traumatic truncal arterial injury is often difficult to determine, particularly if the injury is associated with severe additional truncal lesions. The timing of repair is controversial when patients arrive alive at the hospital. Also, there is an argument about surgery versus stent-graft repair. This study's objective was to evaluate the appropriate method and the timing for treatment in cases of truncal abdominal injury associated with other abdominal lesions. Methods: The medical records at Ajou University Medical Center were reviewed for an 8-year period from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2008. Twelve consecutive patients, who were diagnosed as having had a traumatic truncal arterial injury, were enrolled in our study. Patients who were dead before arriving at the hospital or were not associated with abdominal organ injury, were excluded. All patients involved were managed by using the ATLS (Advanced Trauma Life Support) guideline. Data on injury site, the timing and treatment method of repair, the overall complications, and the survival rate were collected and analyzed. Results: Every case showed a severe injury of more than 15 point on the ISS (injury severity score) scale. The male-to-female ratio was 9:3, and patients were 41 years old on the average. Sites of associated organ injury were the lung, spleen, bowel, liver, pelvic bone, kidney, heart, vertebra, pancreas, and diaphragm ordered from high frequency to lower frequency. There were 11 cases of surgery, and one case of conservative treatment. Two of the patients died after surgery for truncal organ injury: one from excessive bleeding after surgery and the other from multiple organ failure. Arterial injuries were diagnosed by using computed tomography in every case and 9 patients were treated by using an angiographic stent-graft repair. There were 3 patients whose vessels were normal on admission. Several weeks later, they were diagnosed as having a truncal arterial injury. Conclusion: In stable rupture of the truncal artery, initial conservative management is safe and allows management of the major associated lesions. Stent grafting of the truncal artery is a valuable therapeutic alternative to surgical repair, especially in patients considered to be a high risk for a conventional thoracotomy.