• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.430-437
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• 2002

Having a variety of good characteristics against other pattern recognition techniques, the multilayer perceptron (MLP) has been widely used in speech recognition and speaker recognition. But, it is known that the error backpropagation (EBP) algorithm that MLP uses in learning has the defect that requires restricts long learning time, and it restricts severely the applications like speaker recognition and speaker adaptation requiring real time processing. Because the learning data for pattern recognition contain high redundancy, in order to increase the learning speed it is very effective to use the online-based learning methods, which update the weight vector of the MLP by the pattern. A typical online EBP algorithm applies the fixed learning rate for each update of the weight vector. Though a large amount of speedup with the online EBP can be obtained by choosing the appropriate fixed rate, firing the rate leads to the problem that the algorithm cannot respond effectively to different learning phases as the phases change and the number of patterns contributing to learning decreases. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a Changing rate and Omitting patterns in Instant Learning (COIL) method to apply the variable rate and the only patterns necessary to the learning phase when the phases come to change. In this paper, experimentations are conducted for speaker verification and speech recognition, and results are presented to verify the performance of the COIL.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.344-355
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• 2002

Having a variety of good characteristics against other pattern recognition techniques, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) has been used in wide applications. But, it is known that Error Backpropagation (EBP) algorithm which MLP uses in learning has a defect that requires relatively long leaning time. Because learning data in pattern recognition contain abundant redundancies, in order to increase learning speed it is very effective to use online-based teaming methods, which update parameters of MLP pattern by pattern. Typical online EBP algorithm applies fixed learning rate for each update of parameters. Though a large amount of speedup with online EBP can be obtained by choosing an appropriate fixed rate, fixing the rate leads to the problem that the algorithm cannot respond effectively to different leaning phases as the phases change and the learning pattern areas vary. To solve this problem, this paper defines learning as three phases and proposes a Instant Learning by Varying Rate and Skipping (ILVRS) method to reflect only necessary patterns when learning phases change. The basic concept of ILVRS is as follows. To discriminate and use necessary patterns which change as learning proceeds, (1) ILVRS uses a variable learning rate which is an error calculated from each pattern and is suppressed within a proper range, and (2) ILVRS bypasses unnecessary patterns in loaming phases. In this paper, an experimentation is conducted for speaker verification as an application of pattern recognition, and the results are presented to verify the performance of ILVRS.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.98-98
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• 2011

중소규모 하천에서 많이 설치되어 있는 경사형보를 대상으로 하류부 세굴에 대한 수리모형실험과 수치모의를 통하여 경사형보 하류부 세굴특성과 세굴영향인자들에 대한 민감도 분석을 실시하였다. 수리모형실험은 폭 0.8m, 길이 20m의 가변경사 직선 개수로에서 1 : 2(H/L)경사를 가지는 경사형보의 높이, 월류수심, 하류부 수심 변화에 따른 최대 세굴심과 세굴길이의 변화를 관측하였고, 수치모의는 유사이동 모의가 가능한 3차원 수치모형인 FLOW-3D를 이용하여 경사형 보의 경사 변화에 따른 하류부 세굴특성을 모의하였다. 수리모형실험 결과 최대 세굴심 및 세굴길이에 가장 영향을 크게 미치는 인자는 월류고이며, 하류부 수심은 최대 세굴심과 세굴길이의 감소효과 뿐만 아니라 세굴공의 형상에도 영향을 미쳤다. 낙하류의 유입 각도가 예연보에 비하여 작은 경사보는 예연보에 비하여 수평방향 유속이 상대적으로 증가하여 세굴길이가 증가하였으며 이로 인하여 세굴공 하류부 천이영역의 사면경사가 상대적으로 완만하게 형성되었다. 세굴공의 상류부에 재순환 영역이 발생되어 천이영역에서 이송되는 유사의 최대세굴심 발생 위치에 퇴적되는 현상을 방해하며 세굴공의 모양은 완전히 발달된 이중(double) 세굴공을 생성하였으며, 특히 낙하류의 유입각도와 하류부 수위의 영향으로 하류수심($h_t$)과 낙차고(H)의 비($h_t/H$)가 1.0 미만인 경우에 이중(double) 세굴공이 발생하였다. 경사형보의 경사각 영향에 따른 하류부 세굴 영향은 3차원 수치모형을 이용하여 모의하였으며, 경사각을 1V/2H, 1V/3H, 1V/4H로 변화시키며 수치모의를 수행하였다. 수치모의 결과 경사각이 증가할수록 최대 세굴심은 증가하는 경향을 보이고 그에 따른 증가율은 감소하였다. 보 높이, 월류고, 하류부 수심, 경사각 변화에 따른 세굴심의 변화는 상대민감도 방법을 이용하여 비교하였으며 주요 영향인자에 대한 민감도비는 월류고가 보 하류부 세굴에 가장 큰 영향을 미치고, 경사각, 보 높이, 하류부 수심 순이다. 특히 보 하류부의 수심은 음의 민감도를 보이며, 이는 보 하류부 수심이 증가할수록 세굴심이 감소하는 것을 의미한다. 추후 보완 실험 및 수치모의를 추가 활용한다면, 경사형보 하류부 물받이 및 하상보호공 설계를 위한 정량적인 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2007

There are many modern's overwork. excessive drinking, carriage that give stress in muscle by smoking. Because time that sit long by carriage is much. if myalgia beats widower on muscle rheumatism or union formation inflammation, core ache, there is congealment and is painful. Muscle itself is no military register change and rheumatism change shows in areolation of muscle film or muscle nerve sheath etc. that union tissue's inflammation case is around the muscle. It is typical rain joint sex rheumatism. Can assume in case of made work that do not get used to extreme exercise or body perforce. Special quality of do waveform and supersonic waves stimulation processing plant which frequency that is established in research that do Iroin is continued without change is available embodiment according to patient's state variously by series mode through mode frequency waveform, 10 modes, 25 modes, 50 modes etc. Sample that can decide basis standard for supersonic waves through an experiment, low frequency treatment equipment standard for low frequency equipment. supersonic waves treatment equipment that float in city adjusting establishment naturally establish.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.636-641
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• 2018

Recently, the digital signages display not only the rectangular shapes but also the various shapes and sizes. The high-resolution large-screen display monitors have evolved to multi-vision modes in which several screens are connected to one another. In this paper, we present the structure of an atypically shaped signage system in which the ROI changes with the rotation of the multiple displays. The inclination angle of the monitor is calculated by taking the output value of the gyro sensor inter-locked with the Arduino, and an image in which the position of the four corners is varied according to the rotation angle by using the polar coordinate system. In order to display images in the multi-screen environment, multiple displays with a gyro sensor were controlled using serial communication. As the result, we have obtained the flexibly moving monitor systems with associated images fitting in them.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.172-178
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• 1986

The recent interest in the design of filters is motivatied by the fact that such filter can be fully integrated using standard metal-oxide-semiconductor processing technology. This is due to replacing all the resistors in the active RC filter network by the switched capacitors. The voltage gain of a SC filter depends only on the rations of capacitance and these ratios can be obtained and maintained to high accuracy. Therefore, it is known that a switched capacitor is much better than a resistor in temperature and linearity characteristics. This paper proposed a programmable SC filter and proved the fact that ${omega}_0$ Q and G of this circuit can be controlled by digital signal. Experiments show that SC filter remains the low sensitivities but it can't avoid little influence of parasitic capacitance. As the transfer characteristic of the SC filter is varied with sampling frequency and resistor array, SC filtering technigue can be applied for digital processing, speech analysis and synthesis and so on.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.383-383
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• 2012

전자소자 및 광전소자의 최적화 조건을 확립하기 위해 반도체 나노양자구조의 물리적 현상에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 반도체 양자세선은 일차원 구조의 기초 물리 특성 관찰과 소자로서의 응용 가치가 높다. 양자세선을 사용한 단전자 트랜지스터, 공명터널 다이오드, 발광다이오드, 광탐지기 및 레이저 소자 제작과 관련한 연구가 활발히 진행 중에 있다. 나노양자구조들 중에서 양자우물과 양자점에 대한 실험적 및 이론적 연구가 많이 진행되었으나, 복잡한 공정 과정과 물리적 이론의 복잡함으로 양자세선에 대한 연구는 상대적으로 미흡하다. 양자세선을 이용한 전자소자와 광전소자의 효율을 증진하기 위해서는 양자세선의 전자적 성질에 대한 연구가 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 InAs/InP 양자세선에 대한 기저상태와 여기상태의 전하분포, 부띠천이 및 전자적 성질을 고찰하였다. 가변 메시 유한 차분법을 이용하여 양자세선의 이산적 모델을 확립하여 변형효과가 양자세선 구조에서 부띠에 영향을 주는지 조사하였다. 변형효과와 비포물선효과를 고려한 슈뢰딩거 방정식을 사용하여 변형 포텐셜을 계산하였으며 양자세선의 포텐셜 변화를 관찰하였다. 양자세선의 포텐셜 변화에 따라 전하구속분포, 에너지 준위 및 파동 함수를 계산하였다. 기저상태의 부띠 간에 발생하는 천이와 여기상태의 부띠 간에 발생하는 부띠 간의 엑시톤 천이 에너지 값을 계산하였다. 계산한 부띠 에너지 천이 값이 광루미네센스로 측정한 엑시톤 천이와 잘 일치하였다. 이 결과는 양자세센의 이차원적인 전자적 구조를 이해하고 양자세선을 사용하여 제작된 전자소자 및 광전소자의 전자적 성질을 연구하는데 도움을 주며, 저전력 나노양자소자를 제작하는 기초지식을 제공하는 중요한 역할을 할 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.216-222
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• 2006

We propose the use of the Gaussian-curve fitting algorithm for the improvement of measurement accuracy in wavelengthscanned Fabry-Perot filter based demodulation systems. The peak locations of FBG sensors were calculated from the fitted curves rather than from distorted PD profiles, resulting in much better measurement accuracy than that of the highest-peak search algorithm. Also, the algorithm was proved to minimize measurement uncertainty of spectrally-distorted grating sensors. From our experimental results, a temperature resolution as small as ${\sim}0.3^{\circ}C$ was readily achieved by use of the Gaussian-curve fitting algorithm whereas the highest-peak search algorithm gave a temperature resolution larger than ${\sim}4^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.79-83
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• 2007

A reconfigurable photonic microwave (MW) channel selective filter was demonstrated incorporating a $1{\times}2$ switch based on two tunable polymeric resonators with different free spectral ranges. Each resonator, consisting of two cascaded rings with an electrode formed on one of them, plays a role as an on/off switch through the thermooptic effect. The optical signal carrying the MW signal is routed to either port of the switch and detected to show the filtered output at the frequency determined by the free spectral range of the corresponding resonator. When the channel centered at 10 GHz was chosen, the extinction ratio was ${\sim}30dB$, the bandwidth 1 GHz, and the electrical power consumption 4.1 mW. For the other channel located at 20 GHz, we have achieved the extinction ratio of ${\sim}30dB$, the bandwidth of 2 GHz, and the required power of 8.0 mW. Finally the crosstalk between the selected and blocked channels was higher than 24 dB.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.238-246
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• 2017

High frequency ultrasound imaging typically suffers from low sensitivity due to the small aperture of high frequency transducers and shallow imaging depth due to the frequency-dependent attenuation of ultrasound. These limitations should be overcome to obtain high-frequency, high- resolution ultrasound images. One practical solution to the problems is a high-performance signal receiver capable of detecting a very small signal and amplifying the signal with minimal electronic noise addition. This paper reports a recently developed low-noise, wideband ultrasound receiver for high-frequency, high-resolution ultrasound imaging. The developed receiver has an amplification gain of up to 73 dB and a variable amplification gain range of 48 dB over an operating frequency of 80 MHz. Also, it has an amplification gain flatness of ${\pm}1dB$. Due to these high performances, the developed receiver has a signal-to-noise ratio of at least 8.4 dB and a contrast-to-noise ratio of at least 3.7 dB higher than commercial receivers.