• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.371-372
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• 2001

피조개(Scapharca broughtonii)는 우리나라 동해안 북부에서 남해안과 서해안의 내만에 널리 분포하는 고막류 가운데 가장 중요한 산업종으로서 주로 남해안에서 많이 양식하고 있다(강 등, 1980: 김 등, 1982). 또한, 피조개의 자연채묘 및 양식기술이 확립된 이후 주로 강진만, 가막만, 득량만 등에서 양식이 되고 있다. 특히, 가막만에서는 1990년대 이후 피조개 종패가 매년 채묘되고 있으나 중간양성중 대부분이 폐사되거나 탈락되어 종패로서 활용하지 못하고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.31-33
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• 2011

화외밀선(EFN)의 형태로 엽연부의 엽맥 끝에 넥타를 분비하는 것은 가막살나무 5 수종에서 모두 관찰되었다. 가막살나무, 산가막살나무에서는 잎 뒷면 선점(pellucid dot)이 분포하는 것이 좋은 방어전략이라 판단된다. 가막살나무의 선점에서 넥타를 먹는 포식응애들이 다수 관찰되었다. 분꽃나무의 잎 뒷면에는 성모 이외에 별모양의 부드러운 털이 있으며, 이를 포식응애가 먹는 것이 관찰되었으며, 이 구조가 가막살나무, 산가막살나무에서의 선점과 같은 역할일 것이라 추정되나 좀더 정밀한 연구가 필요할 것이라 판단된다. 수종별로 독특한 방법으로 초식에 대한 방어전략을 개발하면서 꾸준히 진화하고 있다고 판단된다. 여기에 화학적 방어전략이 추가된다면 식물이 살아남기 위하여 얼마나 열심히 노력하고 있는가를 어느 정도 이해할 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.503-507
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• 2008

During the systematic study of the genus Bidens L. (Asteraceae) in Korea, we found two specimens collected from Bujeon Plateau, Hamgyungnam-do, which are recognized as a new taxon (B. radiata Thill. var. radiata) for the flora of Korea. The Korean name for this taxon is newly designated as 'Sam-ip-gu-wa-ga-mak-sa-ri'. The close relative of this taxon is B. radiata Thill. var. pinnatifida (Turcz. ex DC.) Kitam., but B. radiata var. radiata can be distinguished from B. radiata var. pinnatifida by having mostly 3-parted and lanceolate lobe of leaf. The key for varieties of B. radiata is given.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.293-302
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• 2015

This study investigated sediment oxygen consumption rates and geochemical characteristics of sediment in hypoxic area of the Gamak Bay based on the chamber experiments and geochemical analyses. The organic carbon contents of surface sediment in the Gamak Bay showed that the inner bay area has higher organic carbon content than those of the outer bay. They toward the outer bay, contents dropped off. The vertical profiles of calcium carbonate ($CaCO_3$) content at piston core sediment assumed that the hypoxia have been frequently occurred during past century in the northern inner bay. The benthic chamber experiments were conducted in February, May, August and November 2010, 2011 in the hypoxic area of the Gamak Bay. In the sediment incubation experiment with chamber at site C3 in the northern inner bay and site C17 in the southern outer bay, the sediment oxygen consumption rate ranged from $3.98mmol\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ to $12.43mmol\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ and $3.28mmol\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ to $8.18mmol\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$, respectively. When the oxygen was completely depleted, the toxic hydrogen sulfide was released with $1.38mmol\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ and $1.3mmol\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.219-220
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• 2001

연안퇴적물로 유입되는 유기물은 수중과 해수/퇴적물 계면에서 다양한 생지화학적 반응을 거치면서 재순환되며 일부는 퇴적물로 제거된다. 본 연구는 가막만에서 해역의 특성을 반영하는 대표적 환경인 소호지역, 굴양식장, 어류 양식장 그리고 비교적 교란이 없으리라고 생각되는 지역을 선정하여 이 지역 상부퇴적물에서 일어나는 유기탄소와 암모니아 질소, 인산인의 생지화학적 순환 및 각 성분의 플럭스를 추정하고자 한다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.311-312
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• 2001

동물플랑크톤처럼 미약한 유영능력을 갖고 있는 분류군의 종조성과 분포는 수온, 염분, 먹이 등과 같은 물리ㆍ생물학적인 환경요인 이외에 해수의 흐름에 크게 영향을 받는다. 그러므로, 부유생태계에서 동물플랑크톤에 의한 에너지 흐름을 명확히 구명하기 위해서는 각 구성 종들의 특징과 역할에 대한 자료의 축적이 무엇보다 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 쓰시마 난류의 영향을 직ㆍ간접적으로 받고 있는 가막만 남쪽 해역을 중심으로 하계에 출현하는 동물플랑크톤의 출현 양상과 역할을 살펴보고자 한다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.297-309
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• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the differences in sedimentary environments and benthic polychaete communities between farming grounds and natural habitats (non-farming ground) in Gamak Bay. Sampling stations of natural habitats were evenly distributed in the entire bay. And mussel farm, oyster farm and ark-shell farm were selected as farming grounds. Dominant sedimentary facies was mud in most sampling stations of farming grounds and natural habitats. However organic contents were higher in the farming grounds than natural habitats of the bay. The species number and mean density of polychaetous community in the natural habitats were greater than those from the farming grounds. Lumbrineris longifolia, known as potential organic enrichment indicator species, was first dominant species both in farming grounds and natural habitats of the bay. However, the next dominant species consisted of different species between two benthic habitats. As a result of community analysis using cluster analysis and nMDS, the natural habitats were divided into several station groups, but most of stations in farming grounds were clustered into one group. Pearson' correlation analysis and PCA showed high relationships between sedimentary environmental factors and benthic polychaetous community in natural habitats, but low or no relationships in farming grounds. That means benthic polychaetous community established in farming ground was under unusual condition such as high input of organic matter. Thus it is necessary to improve the benthic environmental quality of the farming grounds as well as the north-western inner part in Gamak Bay through long-term monitoring efforts.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.16 no.1_2
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• pp.49-54
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• 2000

The growth of short neck calms, Tapes philippinarum was compared between two areas, Songdo in Kamak Bay and Sudo in Chinhae Bay from April 1999 to March 2000. The short neck clams in Kamak bay grew from 13.84${\pm}$0.04 mm to 35.43${\pm}$1.22 mm in shell length, while those in Chinhae bay grew from 13.84${\pm}$0.04 mm to 31.91 ${\pm}$1.72 mm in 12 months. Shell height, shell breadth and total weight of the short neck clams in Kamak bay were also greater than those from Chinhae bay. Bottom quality of Chinhae bay showed negative skewness, and that of Kamak bay was positive skewness of Chinhae bay seems to be caused by the effect of strong tidal current. This may indicate that Kamak bay is better area than Chinhae bay for the culture of the short neck clams.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.70-80
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• 2014

We carried out numerical experiments to understand sedimentary environments in Gamak Bay where is located in the center of the southern coast of Korea. Deposition rates in Gamak Bay appeared to increase in the autumn and spring whereas they appeared to decrease in the summer and winter. These seasonal variations qualitatively coincided with seasonal variations of Ignition Loss (IL) for surface sediments. Furthermore, deposition rates turned out to be prevalent compared to erosion rates in most areas of the bay. On the other hand, current measurement results at both the northeast and south mouths of the bay showed their residual components to flow into the bay. Therefore, we can conclude that contaminated materials flowing into Gamak Bay will precipitate to be deposited in the bay as long as there is no specific events such as dredging.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.271-277
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• 2003

We report an unrecorded species of Viburnum, V. japonicum (Thunb.) Sprengel, found in Gageo-do Island, a subtropical zone in Jeollanam-do Province. We named a species Foo-reun-ga-mak-sal. It is easily distinguishable from other recorded species of Viburnum by the characteristics such as exposed winter buds and indeciduous leaves with lustrous and glabrous texture.