• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.459-468
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• 2010

Materials are such an important factor in designing furniture. Wood is the biggest part of furniture materials. While wood is soft, eco-friendly and natural material, it is variable because it is characterized by severe expansion and contraction. Thus, if the changeable characteristic of wood is not considered in furniture design, the good design of furniture cannot be produced. As one of the skills dealing with woods, bending is such a useful way for making various forms of furniture. While it has been used in furniture-making for a long time, wood processing techniques like steaming bending, bending with ammonia and high frequency bending has been advanced. As wood is a viscoelastic material and has some plasticity, beautiful curves can be created when force is applied. Therefore this paper studies the types of bending methods for furniture and each characteristic of them. Furthermore, this study classifies wood process according to suitability for mass production or small-scale production and researches the proper wood process by the forms and the way of furniture production. Also this study aims to help furniture designers and cabinet makers with wood bending.

• Korean Architects
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• no.5 s.301
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• pp.16-25
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• 1994

건설부에서 지난 1월 7일 주택건설촉진법을 개정, 공포함에 따라 이의 시행에 필요한 주택건설촉진법시행령개정(안)이 지난 3월 26일 입법예고 됐다. 이 안은 300가구 이상 공동주택 공사감리를 건설기술관리법에 의한 감리전문회사가 담당하고, 300가구 미만 공동주택 공사감리는 건축사법에 의한 감리자(건축사)가 해야 한다는 내용으로 최근 건축사협회는 이에 대한 의견을 관계당국에 제출하는 등 강력한 입장표명을 하고 있다. 이와 관련, 본지에서는 주택건설촉진법시행령(안)의 주요내용과 그에 따른 건축사협회 입장을 알아보고 아울러 건축관계전문가의 의견을 들어본다.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.25-59
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• 2016

This paper analyses the policy effect of minimum housing standards, using the fact that Seoul set the minimum housing standards in 1998. Because the whole country except Seoul did not set the minimum housing standards in 1998, we could find this situation as a quasi-experiment. In order to identify the policy effect of minimum housing standards, I compare decreasing amounts in the number of households below the threshold between Seoul and comparison regions from 1995 to 2000, using Differences-in-Differences method. I draw estimate of one-to-one comparison, using Gyeonggi province as a comparison region, and OLS estimate, utilizing the whole nation except Seoul as a comparison region, respectively, and compare two estimates. The former and the latter suggest that the setting of Seoul minimum housing standard in 1998 account for decreasing the number of households under the minimum housing standard, by about 216,638 and 325,149, respectively. The latter is statistically significant at the 0.001 level and the former is in the 95% confidence level of the latter. Therefore we could conclude that the setting of minimum housing standards contributes significantly to achieve the policy objectives, a decrease in the number of households, which are below the threshold.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 1999

본 연구는 목재중의 수분량이 변화하는 비정상태하에 있어서의 액체투과성을 평가하기 위한 새로운 방법으로써 원심법에 의한 액체투과성을 평가하기 위한 새로운 방법으로써 원심법에 의한 액체투과성의 평가법을 확립해 보고자 실시하였다. 이 방법은 원심력장에 있어서의 액체투과성과 원심처리부로부터 액체투과성을 평가하는 것이다. 실험결과, 삼나무(Cryptomeria japonica)와 미송 (Pseudotsuga menziesii)은 서로 다른 탈수경과를 나타내었다. 삼나무는 미송보다 더 많은 탈수량을 보였고 재내의 태수량의 변이가 심하였다. 한편 변재와 심재의 탈수거동에 있어서 삼나무는 기체투과성에 의해 평가된 값과 상반된 결과를 나타내었다. 즉, 2200∼3300rpm의 범위에서 편재는 심재보다 탈수량이 적었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.63-68
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• 2003

도시가구의 지출 중 집세가 차지하는 비율이 높으며 그 변동에 따라 도시가구의 생활에 미치는 영향도 커서 중요한 통계자료로 인식되고 있다. 집세 계약기간이 통상 2년 단위이기 때문에 집세변동의 발생빈도가 적어서 이러한 소표본 군의 통계단위로 일반적인 집세지수를 작성하는데는 많은 어려움이 따른다. 그렇다고 해서 소표본 군의 표본을 확대하는 것도 어렵기 때문에 이러한 산술적인 표본확대가 어려운 소표본 군의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 소지역 추정법을 도입하였다. 이러한 소표본 통계단위에서의 집세 변동률 추정방법을 경기도 지역의 6개 도시에서의 집세변동을 추정하는데 적용하였으며 검토해 보았다.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.129-161
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• 1998

Change in the future household members is closely related to the change in the size and structure of the population which, in turn, is affected by factors of fertility and mortality and the household itself due to changing social values on family. This study aims to estimate the number of households and to thereby analyze the characteristics of household, using a household projection method chosen by reviewing various methods for Korea. In selecting the method of estimating households, the irregularity of the source data should be carefully taken into consideration with a society like the Korean society which is changing rapidly. The review on the proojection methods suggests the breakdown of the ages into two groups, namely 34 years old or less and 35 years old or more, for projecting the households for Korea. Thus, the Exponential Method for the former age group and the Net Transitional Method for the latter are adopted in this study. As a result, the number of households is expected to increase from 12,956 thousand in 1995 to 20,006 thousand in 2030 or by 54% during this period. The average number of members per household will decrease from 3.3 persons in 1995 to 2.5 persons in 2030. One of the main features of change in the housohold structure will be a rapid increase in the number of one person households and a decrease in the number of households with three generations or more.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.10
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• pp.759-768
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• 2021

This work introduces a new approach that classifies individual household water usage by examining the characteristics of smart meter end-user demand data. Here, one of the most well-known unsupervised machine learning, K-means algorithm, is applied to classify water consumptions by each household. The intensity and duration of end-user demands are used as main features to determine the households with similar water consumption pattern. The results showed that 21 households are classified into 13 clusters with each cluster having one, two, three, or five houses. The reasoning why multiple households are classified into the same cluster is described in this paper with respect to the collected data and end-user water consumption behavior.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.99-145
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• 1987

Change in the future household members is closely related to the change in the size and structure of the population which, in turn, is affected by factors of fertility and mortality and the household itself due to changing social values on family. This study aims to estimate the number of households and to thereby analyze the characteristics of household, using a household projection method chosen by reviewing various methods for Korea. In selecting the method of estimating households, the irregularity of the source data should be carefully taken into consideration with a society like the Korean society which is changing rapidly. The review on the proojection methods suggests the breakdown of the ages into two groups, namely 34 years old or less and 35 years old or more, for projecting the households for Korea. Thus, the Exponential Method for the former age group and the Net Transitional Method for the latter are adopted in this study. As a result, the number of households is expected to increase from 12,956 thousand in 1995 to 20,006 thousand in 2030 or by 54% during this period. The average number of members per household will decrease from 3.3 persons in 1995 to 2.5 persons in 2030. One of the main features of change in the housohold structure will be a rapid increase in the number of one person households and a decrease in the number of households with three generations or more.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.79-103
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• 2006

This paper attempts to examine household's willingness to pay (WTP) for piped water quality improvement in Wonju, where the local government are planning to implement a piped water quality improvement program. We apply a contingent valuation (CV) method to obtain at least a preliminary evaluation of the WTP. The CV survey was rigorously designed to comply with the guidelines for best-practiced CV studies. We surveyed a randomly selected sample of 250 households in Wonju and asked respondents questions in person-to-person interviews about how much they would be willing to pay for the program. Respondents overall accepted the contingent market and were willing to contribute a significant amount (1,583 to 2,776 won), on average, per household per month. This willingness varies according to individual characteristics such as sex, education level, and income. The aggregate value of the program in Wonju amounts to approximately 1.99 billion won to 3.49 billion won per year. The household values can be the benefits that ensue from the program and compared with the costs of the program to determine whether the program is economically desirable.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2012

This paper attempts to measure the economic benefits of tap water quality improvement using a specific case study of Ulsan, one of the large cities in Korea. To this end, we apply the contingent valuation (CV) method by employing a one-and-one-half bounded spike dichotomous choice question format. We surveyed a randomly selected sample of 400 households in Ulsan and asked respondents questions in person-toperson interviews about how they would willing to pay for the program. Respondents overall accepted the contingent market and were willing to contribute a significant amount (1,611 won), on average, per household per month. This willingness varies according to individual characteristics such as education level and income. The aggregate value of the program in Ulsan amounts to approximately 8 billion won per year.