• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.419-431
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to provide the correct knowledge on GDM(Gestational Diabetes Mellitus) to nurses for effective care of pregnant women with GDM by investigating the knowledge of nurses about GDM. The subjects of this study were 557 nurses who work at six general hospitals in Seoul and Gyung-Gi province of Korea. The data were collected from November, 2000 to December, 2000, using a 30-item knowledge questionnaire about GDM consisted of eight areas developed by Choi et al. (2000): characteristics and diagnosis, influence on pregnancy, goal and method of management, diet therapy, exercise therapy, insulin therapy, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia and postpartum care of GDM. The data were analyzed by SAS program for t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of knowledge on GDM was 23.18. 2. There were significant differences according to age(p= 0.002), education background (p= 0.045). working period(p= 0.000), working unit(p= 0000), working experience of obstetric and gynecologic (OS & GY) units(p= 0.000), experience of pregnancy (p=0.003) and experience of delivery (p=0.014) in GDM knowledge. 3. The level of each area on GDM knowledge was as follows; 1) Area of characteristics and diagnosis of GDM The mean score of this area was 0.79. Nurses' knowledges were significantly different by age(p=0.003), marital status (p=0.018), working period(p=0.002) working unit(p=0.007), working experience of OB & GY units(p=0.005), experience of pregnancy(p=0.034) and experience of delivery(p=0.033). 2) Area of influence on pregnancy The mean score of this area was 0.93. Nurses' knowledges were significantly different by age(p=0.006), working unit (p=0.000) and working experience of OB & GY units(p= 0.000). 3) Area of goal and method of management The mean score of this area was 0.70. Nurses' knowledges were significantly different by age(p=0.004), region(p=0.006), education background(p=0.013), marital status(p=0.007), working period(p=0.000), working unit(p=0.011), working experience of OB & GY units(p=0.002), experience of pregnancy(p=0.025) and experience of delivery(p=0.043). 4) Area of diet therapy. The mean score of this area was 0.74. Nurses' knowledges were significantly different by age(p=0.002), region(p=0.011), marital status (p=0.001). working period (p=0.007). working unit(p=0.002), working experience of OB & GY units(p=0.001), experience of pregnancy(p=0.001), experience of delivery(p=0.011) and diabetes patients in family members(p=0.032). 5) Area of exercise therapy. The mean score of this area was 0.83. There were not significant differences in all general characteristics. 6) Area of insulin therapy The mean score of this area was 0.61. Nurses' knowledges were significant differences by age (p=0.024), marital status (p=0.048), working period(p=0.027), working unit(p=0.002), working experience of OB & GY units(p=0.000), experience of pregnancy (p=0.047) and experience of delivery(p=0.040). 7) Area of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. The mean score of this area was 0.83. Nurses' knowledges were significantly different by marital status (p=0.027), working period(p=0.001). experience of pregnancy(p=0.020) and experience of delivery(p=0.010). 8) Area of postpartum care The mean score of this area was 0.69. Nurses' knowledges were significantly different by working unit(p=0.000), working experience of OB & GY units (p=0.000) and working experience of medical unit(p=0.047). The results of this study are suggested that nurses might be taught systemically and individually about GDM so that they can become more proficient in detecting and preventing GDM, and therefore they will feel confident to teach GDM to women.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.518-535
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• 2001

Nursing practices should be based on the understanding of human beings. In order to understand human beings, it is important to study the lifestyles and thoughts of people in their natural environment. In this sense, the cultural aspects of a society need to be studied for a culture-bound nursing service. Child care, which is an important element of nursing, is also strongly influenced by the culture of a society. Therefore, a cultural study is necessary to understand the child-rearing practices of any society. The major purpose of this dissertation is to provide basic foundations for developing a culture-based theory for nursing intervention through studying traditional cultural elements of child care in Korean society. The study examined child-rearing practices in a small village on Koje Island in the southern part of Korea. It utilized ethnographic methodologies including participatory observations and in-depth interviews. The study participants were 9 Korean mothers living on Koje Island. The average age was 52. The data were collected between July in 1998 and December in 1999. The average number of interviews per person was 7-8, and the duration of each interview was approximately 2 hours. The data were analyzed using the Spradley Analytical Method. The following 9 major child-rearing aspects of mothers on Koje Island were discovered as a result of the study: 1. Firstly, mothers on Koje Island were mostly concerned about the "Old Birth Goddess' Curse", especially during their child's early years. This concern was evidenced by their careful behavior when their child was very young and by their praying to the Old Birth Goddess not to be jealous of their babies. 2. Secondly, they wished their children to live a different and better life than themselves. It was represented by their strong motivation toward their children's education as well as their expectation for their children's success. In traditional Korean culture, Korean people think that the rise and fall of the household depend on their offsprings. Therefore, Korean mothers wish their children attain to a higher level of social status through education. 3. Third, mothers are concerned about their children's righteousness. Mothers on Koje island expect their children to live with discretion, justice, strength, respect, harmony, and to do their best in life. 4. Next was an 'anticipation of their children's happy marriage'. The attributes of this category were an 'anxiety about their children's married life', and 'an expectation of a good spouse for their children'. Because Korean people believe that only a son can continue the bloodline of a family, especially Korean mothers have a great concern of the possibility of their daughters not having a son after marriage. Also they have different expectations toward their daughter-in-laws than son-in-laws. 5. Korean mothers also derived their satisfaction from their son. It was characterized by 'excessive affection toward their son', 'dependency on their son', and 'being afraid of their married daughter having a girl like themselves'. Korean society has been a patriarchy. Therefore, a son is beloved as someone who will take care of his old parents, be in charge of ancestral rites, and provide a daughter-in-law who can conceive a son. 6. The sixth category concerned 'the differences in their expectations for their children'. The attributes in this category were 'different expectations depending on their children's gender', 'different expectations depending on their children's ability', and a 'great sympathy toward children with low abilities'. Korean mothers expect their son to become better than their daughter. 7. The seventh category was related to their 'roles in child-caring practices'. Traditionally a child was raised in an extended family system in Korea So it was not the sole duty of a mother to bring up the child. Korean mothers used to receive much help rasing children from their in-laws, and family members. On the other hand, many children grew up by themselves, because their mothers were very busy taking care of housework. Furthermore, many children also grew up in poverty. 8. Mothers also had issues related to 'conflicts in child rearing'. They were characterized by 'lack of understanding', 'rudeness of children', and 'giving vent to one's anger'. 9. Finally, mothers regretted not doing their best in child-rearing practices. It was characterized by a 'bitter feeling of repentance', 'feeling irritated', and 'feeling of unsatisfaction'.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.431-451
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• 2000

In this paper, I will examine the variables influencing the Quality of Life of arthritis patients and present basic materials which help arthritis patients have positive thinking in life and ultimately lead a satisfactory life. The subjects for this study are 231 inpatients and outpatients with arthritis living in J and K city in Chonbug Province. For the analysis of collected data I employed the SAS program. The variables for characteristics and the quality of life were analysed by descriptive statistics, T-test and ANOVA, and the relations among variables were analysed through Pearson Correlation; the Regression method was employed to predict the factors affecting quality of life. For the validity of reliance on measuring equipment Cronbach Alpha was used. The results of the study are as follows : (1) The mean score of quality of life of arthritis patients is 3.09(5 in the maximum). The general characteristics which affect the quality of life are age(F=5.13, p=0.0006), standard of education(F=6.49, p=0.0003), marriage status(F=7.77, p=0.0005), monthly pay(F=4.37, p=0.0020), medical benefits (F=4.85, p=0.0087), and supports(F=4.39, p=0.0050). For the disease-related characteristics, there is a significant difference in the 6 items: pain control method(F=5.92, p= 0.0002), physical therapy(F=3.25, p=0.013), whethere or not patients exercise(F=4.62, p=0.0000), regularity of exercise(F=4.79, p=0.0000), frequency of exercise(F=6.29, p=0.0001), and amount of exercise(F=4.62, p=0.0043). Depending on the type of arthritis, there is also a significant difference in the degree of pain felt. The patients with infectious arthritis suffer from pain the most, followed by those with gout, rheumatism and degenerative arthritis, in that order. Although statistics don't show any convincing evidence, those with gout perceive that they are in best health condition, followed by those with rheumatism, degenerative arthritis, and infectious arthritis, in that order(F=2.23, p=0.0669). (2) The quality of life of arthritis patients is correlated positively with perceived health status(r=0.56, p=0.0001), health promoting behavior(r=0.53, p=0.0001), family support (r=0.46, p=0.0001), amount of exercise (r=0.36, p=0.0001), ADL(r=0.36, p=0.0001), HLOC(r=0.32, p=0.0001), frequency of exercise(r=0.32, p=0.0001)in that order, while correlated negatively with the degree of pain felt(r=-0.32, p=0.0001), the number of pain regions(r=-0.19, p= 0.0041), and the duration of pain(r=-0.14, p=0.0279). (3) Regression analysis reveals that the most powerful predictor of the quality of life is perceived health status, which account for 31.11%. The other predictors of the quality of life, which account for 60.22%, are health promoting behavior(16.51%), family support(3.81%), ADL(2.52%), gender(1.86%), the number of family members(1.36%), level of pain(1.24%), duration of pain (1.08%), and level of education(0.67%). The results of the study show that perceived health status and health promoting behavior are the two most important variables. However, considering that the perceived health condition is difficult to control by nursing intervention, it is suggested that the level of expectation for patients, must be decided first, and the health promoting behavior and the family support influencing the quality of life must be taken into account as targets for nursing intervention. As a way of controlling the quality of life, I think that a more comprehensive approach comprising the above important variables along with demographic and general characteristics is needed. I also suggest that we must continue to explore the variables affecting the quality of life and include those variables in nursing intervention.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.234-244
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• 2000

It is widely recognized that manipulation of body position takes advantage of the influences of gravity for improving oxygenation. The study aims to determine the effects of positioning(supine, prone, right lateral decubitus and left lateral decubitus positions) applied to the mechanically ventilatory acute respiratory failure patients on arterial oxygen partial pressure($PaO_2$), alveolar arterial oxygen tension difference($AaDO_2$), mean aterial pressure, peak inspiratory pressure and plateau pressure. Thirty two acute respiratory failure patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit at Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea from March 1997 to January 1998, were divided into three groups by radiographic evidence of unilateral or bilateral lung disease. In group 1 with dominant right lung disease were twelve subjects, group 2 with dominant left lung disease had eight subjects and group 3 had twelve subjects with bilateral lung disease. The variables were measured in 30 minutes after each position of supine, prone, good lung down lateral decubitus and sick lung down lateral decubitus position. The position order was done at random by Latin squre design. The results are as follows; 1) With group 1 patients, the $PaO_2$ in the left lateral decubitus and prone position were $126.8{\pm}30.8$ mmHg and $106.7{\pm}36.8$ mmHg, respectively(p=0.0001). 2) With group 2 patients, the $PaO_2$ in the prone and the right lateral decubitus position were $121.7{\pm}44.7$ mmHg and $118.5{\pm}31.7$ mmHg, respectively (p=0.0018). 3) With group 3 patients, the $PaO_2$ was $143.6{\pm}36.6$ mmHg in the prone position (p=0.0001). 4) With group 1 patients, the $AaDO_2$ in the left lateral decubitus and the right lateral decubitus position were $178.1{\pm}29.7$ mmHg and $233.1{\pm}24.4$ mmHg, respectively(p=0.0001). 5) With group 2 patients, the $AaDO_2$ in the prone and the left lateral decubitus postion were $184.0{\pm}39.5$ mmHg and $231.0{\pm}23.9$ mmHg, respectively(p=0.0019). 6) With group 3 patients, the $AaDO_2$ in the prone and the supine postion were $377.1{\pm}35.6$ mmHg and $435.7{\pm}13.1$ mmHg, respectively (p=0.0001). 7) There were no differences among the mean arterial pressure, peak inspiratory pressure and plateau pressure for each of the supine, prone, left lateral decubitus and right lateral decubitus position. The results suggest that oxygenation may improve in mechanically ventilatory patients with unilateral lung disease when the position is good lung dependent and prone, and patients with bilateral lung disease when the position is prone without any effects on the mean arterial pressure and airway pressure. It is suggested that body positions improve ventilation/perfusion matching and oxygenation need to be specified in patient care plans.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.184-195
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• 2000

It has been believed that cancer is an omnious factor threatening the future and life itself. Patients having the disease experience anxiety, fear, feeling of weakness, depression and feelings of uncertainty and hopelessness. Most cancer patients, however, have expectations of possible recovery and a better future, very different from the patients who feel hopeless. Therefore. hope allows people to respond effectively to the fatal disease they have and prevents them from detoriorating physically and spiritually, positively influencing their survival, response to treatment and sense of security. Studies previously performed showed that hope is positively correlated with social and family supports, self-esteem, spiritual well-being, responsive action, health promotion behavior and quality of life. Thus, the study attempted to provide basic information on nursing cancer patients by investigating their levels of hope and determining predictive factors which influence hope. For the study 200 cancer patients in two university hospitals located in Pusan were sampled as subjects. Data were collected for twenty nine days from Feburary 1, 1999 to March 1. Instrumets for the study included 10 items from the self-esteem scale by Rosenberg (1965), 39 hope measurements by Kim and Lee(1965), 16 of the social support scale by Tae(1986) and 16 of the general characteristics scale, all of which totaled 81 items. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program. General characteristics of the investigated based on numbers and percentage. Hope, self-esteem and social support were analyzed using means, minimum, maximum and standard deviation. Relations among the foregoing three factors were analyzed using Pearson' correlation coefficient. Levels of hope in cancer patients were determined using t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test. Predictive factors influencing hope were investigated using multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results of the study are summarized as follows: 1. An average level of hope was $185.55{\pm}23.39$ points(96 min. and 234 max.) 2. Levels of hope showed a significant difference among them according to sex (t=-3.69, P=.000), age(F=4.714, P=.000), job(F=3.247, P=.008), monthly income (F=6.113, P=.003), treatment charge (F=3.796, P=.011), supportive resources (F=10.554, P=.000), diagnosis(F=2.287, P=.029), perceived health status(F=22.184, P=.000), level of pain(F=3.334, P=.021), religion (F=4.911, P=.001) and religion's effect in life (F=11.706, P=.000), 3. For the subjects, self-esteem and social support were $38.32{\pm}7.21$(13 min, and 50 max.) and $52.97{\pm}8.49$points(28 min, 80 max.). Concerning social support, average levels of family support and medical support were found $35.95{\pm}6.05$(18 min, and 40 max) and $27.02{\pm}4.99$ points(20 min and 40 max). The hope the cancer patients showed significant correlations with self-esteem (r=.588, P=.000), family support(r=.224, p=.001) and medical support(r=.221, P=.002). 4. The five variables related to hope (self-esteem, religion's effect in life, perceived health status, social support and age) accounted for 54.2 percent of the hope level; especially, self-esteem was the highest at 34.6%. As shown in the above results, predictive factors which most influence hope in cancer patients were self-esteem and religion's effect of life. Therefore, nursing interventions to increase self-esteem should be developed. Regarding religion's effects, studies on spiritual aspects should be carried out in a way that contributes to promotion of hope.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2009

본 연구는 묘의 생육을 최대화하기 위하여 생육 단계를 임의로 구분하고 각 단계 별 적정 환경 조건을 확립함에 목적을 두었다. 생육 단계는 총 20일의 배양기간을 6일(1단계), 7일(2단계), 7일(3단계)의 3단계로 구분하였다. 첫 번째 단계는 활착기로서 환경 처리 별 생육에 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 높은 환경 조건에 의한 잎의 장해를 고려하였을 때, $80{\mu}mmol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ 의 PPFD 및 대기 중의 $CO_2$ 농도가 적합하였다. 두 번째 단계에서는 PPFD 및 $CO_2$ 조건이 높아짐에 따라 건물 중을 중심으로 부분적으로 향상되었다. 에너지 효율과 생육을 고려할 때, $160{\mu}mmol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ 의 PPFD와 $700{\mu}mmol{\cdot}mol^{-1}$의 $CO_2$가 적합할 것으로 생각되었다. 세 번째 단계에서는 PPFD 및 $CO_2$ 농도가 높아짐에 따라 유의적으로 생육이 향상되었으며, 잎 및 마디의 발달상태도 현저히 향상되었다. 따라서 보다 적극적으로 생육증진을 고려할 때, $320{\mu}mmol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PPFD와 $1800{\mu}mol{\cdot}mol^{-1}$의 $CO_2$가 적합할 것으로 생각되었다. 생육 단계별 환경 조절은 초기단계에 상대적으로 낮은 조건을 유지하고 후기단계에서 충분한 조건을 제공함으로써 건전한 묘를 생산할 수 있고 에너지 및 물질의 투입량을 절약할 수 있다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2010

염생식물 중 생체로 이용되고 있는 수송나물(Salsola komarovi Iljin)과 해홍나물(Suaeda maritima L. Dum.)의 상품화를 위해 포장 판매 및 저장이 동시에 가능한 MAP(modified atmosphere package)의 저장성을 몇가지 온도에서 비교하였다. 온실에서 재배한 수송나물과 해홍나물을 $50{\mu}m$(ceramic) 필름으로 포장하여 $2^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$에 저장하였다. 저장중 생체중 감소는 모두 1% 미만이었는데, 역시 상온에서 가장 빠르게 감소하였으며, 수송에서 감소폭이 컸다. 포장재내 산소 농도는 저장온도별로는 $2^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높게 유지되었으며, $25^{\circ}C$에서는 수송이 해홍보다 낮은 농도를 보였다. 포장재내 이산화탄소 농도는 산소농도와 반대로 저장온도별로는 $25^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높았으며, 식물별로는 수송에서 높았는데 두 식물 모두 $2^{\circ}C$와 $5^{\circ}C$에서는 1% 이하로 유지되었다. 포장재내 에틸렌 농도는 $10^{\circ}C$에서 $2^{\circ}C$보다 높았으나, 통계적인 유의성은 없었다. $10^{\circ}C$에서 에틸렌 농도는 두 식물 모두 $20{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$으로 같은 수준으나, $2^{\circ}C$에서는 해홍이 다소 높았다. 온도에 따른 포장재내 이산화탄소와 에틸렌 농도는 저장온도가 높을수록 높았는데, 수송나물에서는 $2^{\circ}C$와 $10^{\circ}C$간 통계적 유의성이 있는 차이를 보인 반면, 해홍나물의 경우 그 차이에 통계적 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 관능검사로 실시한 외관상 품질은 3점까지 상품성을 인정하였는데, 수송나물의 경우 상품성인 인정된 저장일수가 $24^{\circ}C$에서는 3일, $10^{\circ}C$에서는 7.5일 $2^{\circ}C$에서는 14일이었고, 해홍나물은 $24^{\circ}C$에서는 3.5일, $10^{\circ}C$에서는 9.5일 $2^{\circ}C$에서는 11일이었다. 외관상 품질 변화와 포장재내 이산화탄소와 에틸렌 농도로 볼 때 해홍나물의 경우 $2^{\circ}C$의 저온에서 저장성이 $10^{\circ}C$와 차이가 없어 저온장해가 의심되었다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

장미 생산농가의 대부분은 겨울철 난방비가 생산비의 가장 큰 몫을 차지한다. 요즘과 같은 고유가 시대에 농가의 부담을 줄이기 위하여 난방비 절감율이 높은 난방시스템에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 복사열을 이용한 적외선 등 난방의 경우 식물체와 같은 물체를 먼저 가열하여 주변의 기온이 올리는 방식으로 빠르게 온도를 높일 수 있고 경유를 이용한 난방방식에 비해 비용이 절감되는 장점이 있다. 농가에 설치된 나노탄소 섬유 적외선 등 난방시스템의 현지조사를 실시하여 난방효과 및 난방비 절감율을 분석하고, 나노탄소섬유 적외선 등 난방시스템과 전기히터 난방시스템에서 생산된 '오렌지 플레쉬' 장미의 생육과 절화수명을 조사하였다. 나노탄소섬유 적외선 등의 경우 온실 내부 공기 설정온도가 $20^{\circ}C$인 경우 식물체 온도는 $1{\sim}2^{\circ}C$정도 더 높게 나타났을 뿐만 아니라 베드와 근권부 온도는 $17{\sim}19^{\circ}C$ 정도로 유지하는 등 우수한 난방의 효과를 알 수 있었고, 전기히터 난방시스템과 온수보일러 난방시스템의 추정 난방비를 비교한 결과 난방비 절감 효과가 아주 높게 나타났다. 장미의 생육을 조사한 결과 전기히터 난방시스템에서 생육한 장미와 차이가 없었으며 화색이나 염색의 발현이 더 좋았다. 절화수명에서는 나노탄소섬유 적외선 등에서 생육한 장미가 생체중과 수분 흡수량이 높아 다소 더 길어진 절화수명을 뒷받침 해 주었다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.140-146
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• 2010

본 연구는 4개의 생육상에서 주간온도 $20^{\circ}C$와 $25^{\circ}C$, 야간온도 5, 10, 15, $20^{\circ}C$의 주 야 온도 조합과 적색LED, 청색LED, 분홍LED(청색LED+적색LED), 백색LED 4종의 발광다이오드(LEDs)를 조사하여 산취(Chamecereus silvestrii f. variegata)선인장 '희망'의 모구 생육 및 발색에 가장 효과적인 재배환경을 찾고자 실시하였다. 주 야 온도처리가 황색 모구의 고유색 발현에 미치는 영향은 명도($L^*$값), 적색도($a^*$값), 황색도($b^*$값)가 모두 유의성이 있으며 특히 주간온도 $20^{\circ}C$와 야간온도 $20^{\circ}C$에서 모구색이 선명한 황색으로 관상가치가 가장 높았고, 주간온도 $25^{\circ}C$와 $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$ 각각의 야간온도에서 모구색 품질이 저하되는 것으로 나타났다. 발광다이오드(LEDs) 처리는 $a^*$값과 $b^*$값에서 유의적 차이가 있으며 적색LED에서 $a^*$값은 +5.23, $b^*$값은 +39.9로 산취선인장의 고유의 아름다운 황색 발색을 유지하며 구색품질이 가장 좋았다. 따라서 산취선인장의 모구색 발현에 영향을 주는 최적 온도범위와 발광다이오드(LEDs)는 주간온도 $20^{\circ}C$와 야간온도 $20^{\circ}C$이며 단색광인 적색 LED에서 가장 효과적이었다. 또한 산취선인장 재배에서 모구색의 외적 품질 향상은 적정 온도 환경 유지보다는 광질 환경을 개선하는 것이 보다 효율적이며 특히 발광다이오드(LEDs) 적색LED가 황색계통의 고유한 모구색 발현에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.87-90
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• 2013

지구 온난화의 영향으로 우리나라는 지난 30년동안 평균기온이 $0.7^{\circ}C$, 겨울철에는 $1.4^{\circ}C$가 상승하였다. 이러한 온난화로 인하여 우리나라에서는 이상기상 현상이 자주 발생하여 채소작물에 피해가 발생한다. 특히 노지에서 많이 재배되고 있는 고추, 배추 및 무는 온난화로 인하여 정식시기를 점점 앞당겨 정식후 갑작스런 저온이 오면 이들 작물의 피해가 크다. 따라서 본 실험은 저온에 따른 배추의 생육특성과 엽 세포조직에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. '춘광' 배추품종을 화분에 정식한 후 노지 처리구, 무가온 하우스 및 가온하우스 처리구 등 3처리를 하였다. 그 결과, 정식후 50일의 생육은 노지처리구의 초장, 엽수, 엽록소 및 엽면적이 가온 처리구에 비해서 현저하게 떨어졌고, 특히 생체중의 경우에는 가온 처리구에 비해서 노지와 무가온 하우스 처리구가 1/3 수준으로 현저하게 낮았다. 배추의 잎이 10매 정도 생육이 되었을 때 저온에 따른 배추 잎의 피해증상은 영하 $3.0^{\circ}C$ 조건에서는 배추 겉잎에 약간의 수침증상을 보였으나 회복되었다. 그러나 영하 $7.4^{\circ}C$ 조건의 배추 잎은 수침증상이 심하였으며 회복되지 못하고 황색으로 변하면서 결국 잎이 고사하였다. 피해받은 잎의 엽육세포는 영하 $3.0^{\circ}C$ 조건에서는 울타리조직과 해면조직이 약한 붕괴증상을 보였지만 어느정도 형태를 갖추고 있었는데, 영하 $7.4^{\circ}C$ 조건에서는 세포가 동결된 후 해동되는 과정에서 세포의 막구조가 파괴되어 울타리조직과 해면조직이 완전히 붕괴되었기 때문에 세포 형태를 갖추고 있지 않았다. 따라서 배추 정식후 초기 생육 단계에서 영하 $3^{\circ}C$까지는 비닐이나 부직포로 보온, 토양수분 조절, ABA 처리를 하여 동해를 예방할 수 있으나 영하 $7^{\circ}C$의 저온이 발생하면 세포가 파괴되어 회복하기 어렵기 때문에 다시 심거나 또는 다른 작물로 대체하는 것이 좋을 것으로 사료되었다.