• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.246-256
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• 2009

Purpose: To report the effect of oriental medicine on 2 patients with secondary amenorrhea diagnosed as hypothalamic-pituitary failure. Methods: The patients who had secondary amenorrhea were treated with the oriental medical treatments such as herbal medication, herbal acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, and so forth. Results: After the oriental medical treatments, the patients could have their periods again, their menstrual condition was improved. Conclusion: This case report shows that the oriental medical therapy is effective for treating secondary amenorrhea diagnosed as hypothalamic-pituitary failure.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.135-148
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to recognize correlation between stress and menstrual pattern among low-income women. Methods: From 5th October to 24th October 2009 we researched 14 low-income mothers by questionnaires to investigate their stress and menstrual patterns. Results: The mean level of their stress was $6.71{\pm}2.92$. The less the income was, the higher the stress was. Among the women, the stress of those who do not had husbands was also high. Most of the women's menarche came late and their menstrual cycle was long. The menstrual color was a little dark and they had blood clots and pain during menstruation. Their mental states also often changed over the period and they had pattern of blood stasis. The study observed that the higher the stress was, the worse the menstrual pain was. Conclusion: Low-income women are under stress by their socioeconomic status and their menstrual patterns often change. Stress has correlation with menstruation.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2024

Objectives We aimed to analyze menstrual pain clinical patterns and treatment characteristics in pediatric and adolescent patients under 18 years old treated for menstrual pain at a Korean medicine hospital. Methods We analyzed the medical records of pediatric and adolescent patients under 18, treated for menstrual pain from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2023. Results A total of 88 participants were included in the study, with a mean age of 15.3 ± 1.5 years. The most common diagnosis was unspecified dysmenorrhea. Among the 42 participants with recorded pain scores, the mean Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for dysmenorrhea was 7.4 ± 1.0. Patients who received two or more treatments had an average of 6.3 ± 5.0 clinic visits. Treatment methods included herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion, pharmacopuncture, and electroacupuncture, in descending order of frequency. Conclusions It is necessary to analyze the clinical characteristics and status of adolescent dysmenorrhea patients in more Korean medical institutions. Additionally, research and promotion of Korean medicine treatments for adolescent dysmenorrhea are needed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.69-69
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• 2006

Heterotopic pregnancy is the coexistency of intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy. The incidence of heterotopic pregnancy is about 1 to 30,000 pregnancy in a natural cycle. However, the frequency of heterotopic pregnancy has steadily increased because of rising incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic surgery and the development of ovulation induction and assisted reproduction. Because heterotopic pregnancy is difficult due to diagnose and it has high morbidity and mortality rate, one should always take this into consideration and should conduct careful and thorough gynecologic evaluation. We have experienced a case of heterotopic pregnancy in a 29-year old woman who presented with acute abdominal pain in a natural cycle and report this case with a brief review of literature.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 1992

Bone mineral density was measured to assess whether the patients with premonopausal hypogonadism, comprised of 19 patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(HH), 55 with premature ovarian failure(POF), 23 with hyperprolactinemia(HPLN), and 8 with Sheehan's syndrome. All aged from 20 to 39, were associated with some decrease in regional bone mass compared with that of 63 normal-associated with some decrease in regional bone mass compared with that of 63 normal-cycling control women matched with age and sex. Measurement of bone mineral density was carried out using Dual photon absorptiometry at four sites; femur neck, ward's triangle, trochanter and spine(L2-L4). Bone mineral density at all four sites were significantly decreased in patients with HH(p<0.01), POF(p<0.01). In hyperprolactinemic patients, the decrease in bone mass was significant at femur neck and Ward's triangle(p<0.05). The patients with POF were noted to be associated with significant bone loss when their duration of amenorrhea exceeded one year. In this study, the degree of loss of bone mass and the affected sites seemed to be different depending on the various types of hypogonadism and POF was noted have caused the appearance of loss of bone mass earlier than other thpes of hypogondism we experienced.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.17-25
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• 1984

Hypothalamic-pituitary function in patients of 6 selected groups of amenorrhea was evaluated by performing premarin test. Selected amenorrheic patients were divided into 6 groups of Turner's syndrome(5), adrenogenital syndrome(3), Sheehan's syndrome(4), moderate hyperprolactinemia(3), severe hyperprolactinemia(9) and functional oligoamenorrhea(9) the diagnoses of which were performed according to modified our own protocol for management of amenorrheic patients. As control 20 normally cycling women in mid follicular phase determined by their symptothermal charts during last 6 months designed by WHO were compared. The premarin test which is one of the tests evaluating the hypothalamic-pituitary function by the principle of negative and positive feed back effect's of estrogen was performed by injecting 20 mg of premarin in volus intravenously. The levels of serum LH before, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after injection of premarin were measured by double antibody technique radioimmunoassay the reagents of which were supplied by WHO. The results were as follows: 1. Both negative and positive feed back effects by exogenous estrogen were well preserved even in the patients of gonadal dysgenesis although the baseline levels were much higher than normal. 2. In the patients of Sheehan's syndrome one could observe the minimal response of feed back effect in the case with minimal pituitary function. 3, Androgens in adrenogenital syndrome and prolactin in hyperprolactinemia may suppress mainly the positive feed back effect rather than the negative one. The suppressive effect can be abolished by proper treatments which can eliminate those suppressive hormones. 4. This premarin test may be beneficial for predicting the result of clomiphene in ovulation induction.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.295-307
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• 2002

Water temperature, salinity, and DO concentration were measured vertically in the Chinhae-Masan Bay over the course of 1 year. The characteristics of the stratification were analysed using the measured water temperature and salinity data. The vertical DO concentration changes were also analysed through consideration of the degree of stratification and the level of sediment pollution. The results of the analyses show that the thermal stratification appears just before April and disappears after October. The salinity differences between the surface and the bottom were 3.9(equation omitted), 9.3 (equation omitted), 4.3(equation omitted) in April, August, and October, respectively. The DO concentration change averaged over water depth was 2.6(mg/L) in April; 8.3(mg/L) in June: 5.9(mg/L) in August; 7.2(mg/L) in September; and 4.4(mg/L) in October. The DO concentration changes were closely related to the levels of contamination and also to the effect of the mass-transfer inhibition between the surface and bottom layers due to the thermal and density stratification.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.132-148
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• 2012

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dysmenorrhea care program by Korean traditional medicine on dysmenorrhiec juveniles. Methods: 47 adolescent dysmenorrhiec patients in local girls' high school took part in dysmenorrhea care program by Korean traditional medicine. The subjects were treated by acupuncture, ear-acupuncture, acupressure education, herbal extract medication and qigong exercise. The results were investigated by visual analogue scale(VAS), multidimensional verbal rating scale(MVRS) and verbal rating scale (VRS). Data was collected every three months from March, 2011 to March, 2012. Additionally satisfaction survey was conducted. Results: VAS score was reduced after treatment, but rebounded back to baseline after 6 months of discontinued dysmenorrhea care program. There was no significant difference of time and group interaction in linear mixed model analysis. MVRS and VRS outcomes showed similar pattern. Conclusions: Dysmenorrhea care program by Korean traditional medicine is effective in juveniles with dysmenorrhea for several months but not for long as nine months after treatment. However, the effect can last for three months at the very least.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.188-192
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• 2011

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis 증후군은 골반 내 염증성 질환을 가진 환자의 직접적 간 실질 침범이 없는 간피막 염증에 의한 간주위염으로, 1930년대에 Thomas Fitz-Hugh와 Arthur Curtis에 의해 보고되었다. Neisseria gonorrhea나 Chlamydia trachomatis에 의해 발병하며, 항생제로 치료되는 양성 성교전파질환이다. 대부분 가임기의 젊은 여성에서 발견되지만, 15세의 청소년에서 진단된 증례가 있어 보고하는 바이다. 15세 여자 환자가 1개월 전부터 발생한 간헐적인 우상복부와 하복부의 통증을 주소로 내원하였다. 환자는 한 달 전 남자친구와 첫 성교를 한 이후, 5일 전까지 10여 차례정도 성교를 하였다. 사회력 상 고등학교 1학년 생이고, 월경 주기는 28-30일로 규칙적이었다. 내원 당일 시행한 임신 반응 검사는 음성이었다. 시행한 복부전산화단층촬영에서 우측 간엽의 가쪽 부분이 동맥기 조영증강을 보이며 골반내감염을 동반하고 있었다. 부인과 검진 상 질경부 면봉 검사에서 Chlamydia trachomatis 양성소견을 보였으며, 소변배양검사에서 Neisseria gonorrhea가 동정되었다. Fitz-Hugh-Curtis 증후군 진단 하에 4주간 doxycycline과 metronidazole의 경구용 항생제 복용 후 호전되었다.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.82-91
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to find out the patterns of teenage girls who is easy to suffer from Menstrual Disorders. Methods: The data from the 1681 participants were collected using a structured menstrual history questionnaire. Based on the survey responses, we had 97 adolescents with menstrual disorder as the test group and 97 adolescents without menstrual disorder as the control group. The clinical trials subjects were asked to respond to another questionnaire for identifying Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer tests. We identified significant variables for dysmenorrhea from comparison between the test and control group; a binary response variable from the test group's responses for ever experiencing dysmenorrhea and explanatory variables from Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer. Results: The reselts of Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer test showed that the score of Energ_R, EIX_R were lower in dysmenorrhea group than the control group. The reselts of Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer test showed that the score of Energ_R, EIX_R were lower, and T4_R were higher in hypomenorrhea group than the control group. The reselts of Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer test showed that the score of Energ_R, EIX_R were lower in Irregular Menstruation group than the control group. Conclusions: Blood Pressure Pulse Analyzer test showed that the score of Energ_R, EIX_R were lower in the test group than the control group.