• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2 s.32
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• pp.48-57
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• 1996

This study is to review the oriental medical literatures about Chungye and endocrinologic literatures about menstration, pregnancy, menopause and male-sex cycle. The conclusions obtained are as follows; First, according to Naegyung, Chungye exists in both male and female, it makes human fertile. It comes with starting menstration and is exhausted with menopause. Second, it was said that the name of Chungye originated in Chun of Chunjinjiki(energy of genuine cosmos) and Gye of Imgyejisu(water of Imgye). Third, some authors advocated that Chungye is menstration. But it was criticized by other authors and it is not accepted at the present time. Forth, there was an assertion that Chungye is Eumjung. The assertion has been developed as the hypothesis that Chungye may be a endocrinologic substance relavant to menstration and pregnancy. Fifth, there was an interpretation that Chungye is FSH. But this interpretation might be unreasonable if it is based on the results observed by endocrinologic researches. According to the current endocrinologic researches, Chungye may be GnRH, when Chungye is the necessary endocrinologic substance to menstration and pregnancy, exists in male and female and is exhausted with menopause.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.165-185
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• 2007

Exploitation of transboundary oil and gas on continental shelves may cause conflicts between or among States concerned due to the physical character of these resources. As oil and gas are fluid, exploitation of such a transboundary oil field by one side may affect other parties in other jurisdictions. However, there is no universal international legal regime on the issue. This article tries to find the international legal regime governing such resources through analysing UN Assembly's resolutions, UNCLOS, international judicial opinions, bilateral agreements and ILC activities relating to transboundary natural resources. As a result of this study, it seems that each coastal State has an inherent sovereign right on its part of the transboundary oil and gas deposit, but this right is not unlimited. Each state involved with the deposit has a duty to cooperate with other states-through information exchange, consultation, and negotiation. Furthermore, the state has an obligation to refrain from unilateral action when there is a possibility of causing irrevocable damage to the interests of the other states.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.829-840
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• 1999

This study was conducted to construct a hypothetical model of depression in Korean adolescent women and validate the fit of the model to the empirical data. The data were collected from 345 high school girls in Seoul, from May 1 to June 30, 1998. The instruments were the Body Mass Index, Physical Satisfaction Scale, Family Adaptatibility and Cohesion Evaluation Scale III, Family Satisfaction Scale, CES-D and School Adptation Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with the pc -SAS program. The Linear Structural Relationship(LISREL) modeling process was used to find the best fit model which would predict the causal relationships among the variables. The overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate ［X$^2$＝69.6(df＝17, p＝.000), GFI ＝0.95, AGFI＝0.90, RMR＝0.087, NNFI＝0.86, NFI＝0.90］. The predictable variables, especially menstrual symptoms, physical symptoms and family function, had a significant direct effect on depression. but school life adaptation did not have a significant direct effect. These variables explained 18.1% of the total variance.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.24 no.12A
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• pp.2025-2033
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• 1999

In this paper, we forecast launching time of the commercial IMT-2000 service as feb. 2001, according to expert’s opinion, and most of they forecast rapid evolution. And, we propose two different models according to two cases for competition power of price for IMT-2000 service subscriber demand forecasting. In this paper, we combine the expert’s opinion method with the growth curve model for demand forecasting for new products in order to reduce error of the demand forecasting that haven’t past references. The estimation of needed coefficients for each growth curve model is based on experts’ subjective opinions.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.209-221
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• 2008

목적 : 구절초는 국화과에 속하는 다년생 초본으로 가을에 줄기와 잎을 가을에 채취한 것을 한약재로 사용하여 대한, 월경불순 등 각종 여성질환과 함께 위냉증, 소화불량, 감고, 폐렴, 기관지염, 배뇨장애 및 신경퇴행성 질환에 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 LPS로 염증유도된 대식세 포주를 활용하여 구절초의 항염증효능을 확인하고자 하였다. 방법 : 구절초 추출물의 항염증효과를 관찰하기 위하여 RAW264.7 대식세포주에서 MTT cytotoxic assay, iNOS 및 COX-2 발현, NO와 PGE2 생성 및 $NF-{\kappa}B$ 활성실험을 수행하였다. 결과 : 세포독성실험을 통하여 구절초 추출물의 안전성이 확인되었으며 LPS로 염증유도된 RAW264.7 대식세포주에서 증가된 iNOS의 발현이 감소되었음을 확인하였다. 또한 NO 및 PGE2의 생성을 억제하였다. 이러한 결과는 구절초가 염증매개물질의 생성을 억제하는 효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며, $NF-{\kappa}B$ 활성도를 감소시킴을 관찰하였다. 결론 : 이러한 결과는 구절초가 $NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway를 조절해 줌으로써 항염증효과를 나타내는 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

Purpose : This study determines the effect and sustainability of the trunk stability exercise program, specifically using the bridge exercise, by measuring Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Menstrual Distress Questionaire(MDQ) and muscle strength in women university students complaining of low back pain. Methods : The trunk stability exercise program was progressed by 22 women university students, for 4 weeks, (3 times a week, 1 hour per session). At this time, low back pain happened at the period of menstruation and was measured using VAS, Dysmenorrhea using the MDQ tool and abdominal and back muscle strength using HUR. This study was evaluated 4 times (before and after the exercise program, after 4 weeks and 8 weeks) to investigate the effect of time variation after the exercise program. Results : The trends showed a decrease in VAS and MDQ and an increase in abdominal and back muscle strength. Therefore, these results were evaluated positively from a statistical perspective(p<.05). Conclusions : The trunk stability exercise results in a decreased VAS and MDQ, and increases the muscle strength in women university students who complained of low back pain form dysmenorrhea. Therefore, the low back pain from dysmenorrhea could have been avoided and quality of everyday life improved.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1513-1519
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• 2005

This study carried out to develop the questionnaires that can measure objectively menstrual pain and determine pain index. First, we made questionnaires to measure menstrual pain by VAS, MVRS, VRS and question about trouble of daily life and so on. Then we investigated 1039 women's questionnaires who has the menses. Results are follow as : The questionnaires that can measure objectively menstrual apin and determine pain index was high a correlation coefficient therefore those were used Method of Menstrual Pain(here after MMP) calculation. Those were added and averaged. We examined correlation of calculated MMP and women's questionnaires who has the menses. MMP confidence was high as 99.42% comparatively so we thought MMP was appropriate as the measured method of menstrual pain.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.67-72
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• 1997

A 33-year-old Korean woman, para 2, visited an obstetrics and gynecology clinic, Kumi-shi, Kyongsangbuk-do, due to postcoital spotting and flank pain. She had a tubal ligation 7 years before and demonstrated back pain during menstruation. She revealed a foul smelling discharge without complaint of itching. Enterobiw vermicularis eggs were demonstrated during microscopic examination of a smear taken from the posterior fornix of the vagina. On endoscopic examination of her vagina, a live worm was found in the posterior fornix. The worm was removed and identified as a female E. uemiculcris based on morphology. This is the first case report of vaginal enterobiasis in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1773-1777
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• 2007

한국수자원공사에서 개발한 유역유출 모형인 RRFS의 모의를 위한 입력자료로 사용되는 생활, 공업, 농업용수 중에서 생활용수와 공업용수 수요량은 댐이나 하도에서 취수되어 수요자에게 전달되는 체계이기 때문에 농업용수 수요량에 비해 상대적으로 신뢰성 있는 값을 산정 할 수 있다고 사료된다. 그러나 RRFS의 모의운영 결과를 분석해 보면 농업용수 수요량이 급증하는 매년 5월경에 음유량 값이 다수 발생되고 있다. 이러한 원인은 강우로 인한 농업용수의 공급이 미반영 되었거나 유역의 물리적인 특성 변화를 반영하지 못한 농업용수의 수요량이 과대 산정된 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 상기의 문제점을 세밀하게 파악하여 해결하는 방법은 현재의 기술로는 어렵다고 판단하여 한국수자원공사 수자원연구원에서 산정한 일단위 소유역별 용수수요량을 일, 반순, 순, 월, 계절, 연별로 각각의 특성을 통계학적으로 분석하여 RRFS를 운영하는 현재시점에서의 적정 용수수요량 지표를 제시하고자 한다. 용수수요 지표는 각각의 용수수요량에 대하여 현재를 기준으로 과거로 연, 계절, 월, 순, 반순, 일단위로 분석된 결과를 바탕으로 총 5단계 즉, 용수수요량이 매우 많음, 많음, 보통, 적음, 매우 적음으로 구분하여 활용할 수 있도록 하였다.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.251-257
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• 1998

This experiment was carried out to establish cutting propagation method of dendropanax morbifera $L_{EV}\$. at Wando in Chonnam, native area. The hardwood cutting and the greenwood cutting were able to be used as propagation method, but callus formation and rooting ratio in the greenwood cutting were higher than in hardwood cutting. The optimum cutting time was February to middle of March in hardwood cutting and July to August in greenwood cutting. The earthen-ball cutting method was better than normal cutting method in callus formation and rooting ratio. The rooting in different bed soils was the best at sand-loam soil. The application of IBA 100ppm promoted rooting.