• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.63-88
• /
• 2019

The goal of this paper is to investigate changes in North Korea's domestic and foreign policies through automated text analysis over North Korea represented in South Korean mass media. Based on that data, we then analyze the status of text mining research, using a text mining technique to find the topics, methods, and trends of text mining research. We also investigate the characteristics and method of analysis of the text mining techniques, confirmed by analysis of the data. In this study, R program was used to apply the text mining technique. R program is free software for statistical computing and graphics. Also, Text mining methods allow to highlight the most frequently used keywords in a paragraph of texts. One can create a word cloud, also referred as text cloud or tag cloud. This study proposes a procedure to find meaningful tendencies based on a combination of word cloud, and co-occurrence networks. This study aims to more objectively explore the images of North Korea represented in South Korean newspapers by quantitatively reviewing the patterns of language use related to North Korea from 2016. 11. 1 to 2019. 5. 23 newspaper big data. In this study, we divided into three periods considering recent inter - Korean relations. Before January 1, 2018, it was set as a Before Phase of Peace Building. From January 1, 2018 to February 24, 2019, we have set up a Peace Building Phase. The New Year's message of Kim Jong-un and the Olympics of Pyeong Chang formed an atmosphere of peace on the Korean peninsula. After the Hanoi Pease summit, the third period was the silence of the relationship between North Korea and the United States. Therefore, it was called Depression Phase of Peace Building. This study analyzes news articles related to North Korea of the Korea Press Foundation database(www.bigkinds.or.kr) through text mining, to investigate characteristics of the Kim Jong-un regime's South Korea policy and unification discourse. The main results of this study show that trends in the North Korean national policy agenda can be discovered based on clustering and visualization algorithms. In particular, it examines the changes in the international circumstances, domestic conflicts, the living conditions of North Korea, the South's Aid project for the North, the conflicts of the two Koreas, North Korean nuclear issue, and the North Korean refugee problem through the co-occurrence word analysis. It also offers an analysis of South Korean mentality toward North Korea in terms of the semantic prosody. In the Before Phase of Peace Building, the results of the analysis showed the order of 'Missiles', 'North Korea Nuclear', 'Diplomacy', 'Unification', and ' South-North Korean'. The results of Peace Building Phase are extracted the order of 'Panmunjom', 'Unification', 'North Korea Nuclear', 'Diplomacy', and 'Military'. The results of Depression Phase of Peace Building derived the order of 'North Korea Nuclear', 'North and South Korea', 'Missile', 'State Department', and 'International'. There are 16 words adopted in all three periods. The order is as follows: 'missile', 'North Korea Nuclear', 'Diplomacy', 'Unification', 'North and South Korea', 'Military', 'Kaesong Industrial Complex', 'Defense', 'Sanctions', 'Denuclearization', 'Peace', 'Exchange and Cooperation', and 'South Korea'. We expect that the results of this study will contribute to analyze the trends of news content of North Korea associated with North Korea's provocations. And future research on North Korean trends will be conducted based on the results of this study. We will continue to study the model development for North Korea risk measurement that can anticipate and respond to North Korea's behavior in advance. We expect that the text mining analysis method and the scientific data analysis technique will be applied to North Korea and unification research field. Through these academic studies, I hope to see a lot of studies that make important contributions to the nation.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
• /
• no.55
• /
• pp.147-172
• /
• 2014

Kang Jae Eung translated "Sang-bong-lok" of Kang Ho Boo from Korean into Chinese. There is Yeonhaengnok(燕行錄) written in with Korean and Chinese among 500 Yeonhaengnok(燕行錄). Especially it is very rare that is translated from Korean into Chinese. Because of there aspect, it is valuable and worth studying. "Sang-bong-lok" was 3 series by origin, but now we have only 2 series. That is the original text written in Chinese by Kang Ho Boo, a Korean version by Kang Ho Boo, and Chinese translated of Korean version by his descindants Kang Jae Eung. Original text dosen't exists now undiscovered yet. Chinese version "Sang-bong-lok" is distinguished from the other Yeonhaengnok(燕行錄) and classical novel in form and contents. In formal aspect, Chinese version "Sang-bong-lok" describes an industry remarks in prologue. This industry remark describes standard and form of writing. Looking industry remark, you can find that Kang Jae Eung didn't add or subject the sentence of original text and distinguished between his own sentence and original text. This compiling system distinguishing compiler from original writter is rare enough to so that you cannot find it in other Yeonhaengnok(燕行錄). In contents, Kang Jae Eung almost transcribed Korean Yeonhaengnok(燕行錄) without subtraction and added special information to promote the view of Kang Ho Boo. After discription, Kang Jae Eung covered all information and reviewed it and added opinion to it. Kang Jae Eung's conclusion is sometimes same or different from Kang Ho Boo's. Anyway it is worthy of noticing that Kang Jae Eung wrote his opinion after Kang Ho Boo's sentence.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
• /
• no.62
• /
• pp.37-65
• /
• 2016

This paper is to explain who are the authors of first-half 18th Century private prose YeonHangRok(燕行錄) written in Chinese Character and what are interest-oriented aspects of that books. As objects of study, 3 private prose YeonHangRok(燕行錄) written by No-Ron Jeon -Ju Lee's Family(老論 全州李氏) were chosen. Result of reading articles in their anthology, I found their consciousness about going to Beijing. : They aware of "The importance of YeonHang(燕行)" and when they run a mission, they take an attitude of 'observation and attention' to their experience. With that consciousness of YeonHang(燕行) in common, So-jae(疎齋), Il-am (一菴) and Hanpojae(寒圃齋) wrote their YeonHangRok(燕行錄) that mainly describe their direct experience. So-jae(疎齋) and Hanpojae(寒圃齋)'s categories of descriptions are specialized in 'Public Affairs' and 'mission', Il-am(一菴) has widened to the everyday cultures and people of Other cultures.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
• /
• no.57
• /
• pp.331-357
• /
• 2014

This paper is to examine Okdong Lee Seo's historical view through analyzing Yeokdaega("歷代歌"), Okdong's full-length historical epic. As long as Okdong Lee Seo was a Confucian scholar holding moral cultivation as the highest value, his Yeokdaega is hard to explain separately from the Confucian world view. Okdong's Yeokdaega is a long old-style sino-korean poem consisting of 526 7-syllable verses, yet it considerably differs in structure from other historical epics known so far. Okdong's Yeokdaega consists of two parts: the first narrates Chinese historical facts from the beginning to the fall of Ming dynasty, and the second describes the social irrationality of the time and reveals his strong social criticism. It is very different from an ordinary historical epic piece narrating the orders and disorders and the rise and fall of historical facts. It is thought that Okdong's Yeokdaega was written based on his Confucian historical view. It seems that for Okdong the rise and fall of Chinese historical dynasties did not merely mean historical facts but functioned as a tool explaining the reason for people to persue moral cultivation. Okdong summed up his knowledge of the rise and fall of Chinese historical dynasties, his sharp criticism on social irrationality, and his stimulation about the necessity of moral cultivation, and then created a long 526-verse historical epic Yeokdaega. For the reasons, it is not easy to say that Okdong's Yeokdaega is the result of pure literary activities only for artistry. However, Okdong's Yeokdaega is not inferior to other historical epic pieces written by the time in literary value. Especially, Okdong's Yeokdaega can be said to be more meaningful since it was, over its literary value, not only a tool to strengthen his own study and will but also a educational tool for others around himself.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
• /
• no.59
• /
• pp.93-120
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is to explore the source of appealing which Gusadang Kim Nakhaeng's writing for ancestral rites is equipped with. Gusadang was one of the Confucianists in Yeongnam during the 18th century and was praised for his scholarly virtue of jihaenghapil and silcheongunghaeng. Although Gusadang's writing for ancestral rites and his teacher Milam Lee Jaeui's letters were even specially named as 'gujemilchal', there has been almost no research on Gusadang's writing for ancestral rites yet. Therefore, this study selects three pieces of Gusadang's writing for ancestral rites which are especially rich in emotional expression for discussion. Chapter 2 titled as 'the Reconstruction of Memory in a Microscopic Perspective' presents the reason why Gusadang's writing for ancestral rites is recognized even as a piece of work equipped with appealing. Writing for ancestral rites begins from the point that there exists memory that can be shared by both the living and the dead. In reconstructing the anecdote with the dead on the stage of ritual writing in detail, the writer's memory plays an important role. Chapter 3 titled as 'the Rhetorical Reconstruction of Elevated Sensitivity' examines rhetorical devices needed for writing for ancestral rites. Proper rhetoric is needed to upgrade the dignity of the ritual writing and arouse sympathy from the readers. Although writing for ancestral rites is supposed to express sadness in terms of its formal characteristics, it should not end up being a mere outlet of emotion. Chapter 4 looks into 'the Descriptive Reconstruction of Lamenting Sentiment'. There should be a clear focus of description to make the gesture of the living towards the being not existing in the world any longer an appealing story. While maintaining a distinct way of description, Gusadang organizes the noble character of the dead, pitiable death, the precious bond in the past, and the longing of those left for the dead systematically. Writing for ancestral rites is a field to mourn over the death and reproduce the sadness of the living through writing. To make the text written in that way get to work as ritual writing properly, it should be appealing necessarily. This study has found the fact that such appealing that gives life to ritual writing is grounded on authenticity.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.99-114
• /
• 2020

In this study we examined the topic analysis and correlation analysis by text mining from the self introduction letter of freshman at Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries(KNCAF) in 2020. The analysis items of the 3rd question were and the 4th question were the motivation for applying to college, the academic plan and the career plan. The text mining to the 3rd question showed that the frequency of 'friends' was overwhelmingly high, followed by keywords such as 'thought', 'time', 'opinion', 'activity', and 'club'. In the 4th question, keyword frequency such as 'thought', 'agriculture', 'KNCAF', 'farm', 'father' was high. The result of association rules analysis for each question showed that the relationship with the highest support level, which means the frequency and importance of the rule, was the {friend} <=> {thought}, {thought} <=> {KNCAF}. The confidence level of a correlation between keywords was the highest in the rules of {teacher}=>{friend}, {agriculture, KNCAF}=>{thought}. Also the lift level that indicates the closeness of two words was the highest in the rules of {friend} <=> {teacher}, {knowledge} <=> {professional}. These keywords are found to play a very important roles in analyzing betweenness centrality and analyzing degree centrality between keywords. The results of frequency analysis and association analysis were visualized with word cloud and correlation graphs to make it easier to understand all the results.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.50 no.1
• /
• pp.53-67
• /
• 2022

This study started from recognizing the need to study place identity from the perspective of residents experiencing the place in daily life. The subject area of the study, Shin-Cheorwon, Galmal-eup, Cheorwon-gun, Gangwon-do area, had a low population until the division of Korea in 1945. Since then, the residents have created the milieu under Shin-Cheorwon's regional historic and cultural context. Thus, the study on this area can show the formation of the interrelationship of the region and residents. The purpose of this study is to understand the meaning and identity of the everyday places of Shin-Cheorwon. Photovoice was chosen as the method for successful Participatory Research; Participant's active intervention stage, 'Documentation (4th step)', Narration (5th step), researcher's analysis stage 'Ideation (6th step)' were specifically used. As a result, the following characteristic of the places chosen by participants could be found: the meaning and relationship with the residents, similarities, and differences in people shown based on their age, length of residence, etc. Through this, participants recollected the past places, found the meaning of the place of the present, and deduced the placeness that Shin-Cheorwon should have in the future. The study identified the place identity that holds the perspective of the residents in their daily life and provides implications on the follow-up studies of place identity. In addition, it is expected that it will apply to urban planning and spatial design in further studies of how residents perceive the space formed by urban development using photovoice methodology.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
• /
• v.152
• /
• pp.59-79
• /
• 2019

The main purpose of this paper is to critically examine the intractable problems of Peirce's notion of 'symbol' as a higher and perfect mode of sign, and present a more appropriate account of the higher status of symbol from an experientialist perspective. Peirce distinguished between icon, index, and symbol, and suggested symbol to be a higher mode of sign, in that it additionally requires "interpretation." Within Peirce's picture, the matter of interpretation is to be explained in terms of "interpretant," while icon or index are not. However, Peirce's conception of "interpretant" itself remains fraught with intractable opacities, thereby leaving the nature of symbol in a misty conundrum. Drawing largely on the experientialist account of the nature and structure of symbolic experience, I try to explicate the complexity of symbol in terms of "the symbolic mapping." According to experientialism, our experience consists of two levels, i.e., physical and symbolic. Physical experience can be extended to symbolic level largely by means of "symbolic mapping," and yet is strongly constrained by physical experience. Symbolic mapping is the way in which we map part of certain physical experience onto some other area, thereby understanding the other area in terms of the mapped part of the physical experience. According to this account, all the signs, icon, index, and symbol a la Peirce, are constructed by way of symbolic mapping. While icon and index are constructed by mapping physical level experience onto some signifier(i.e. Peirce's "representamen"), symbol is constructed by mapping abstract level experience onto some signifier. Considering the experientialist account that abstract level of experience is constructed by way of symbolic mapping of physical level of experience, the symbolic mapping of abstract level of experience onto some other area is a secondary one. Thus, symbol, being constructed by way of secondary or more times mapping, becomes a higher level sign. This analysis is based on the idea that explaining the nature of sign is a matter of explaining that symbolic experience, leaving behind Peirce's realist conception of sign as a matter of an event or state of affairs out there. In conclusion, I suggest that this analysis will open up new possibilities for a more appropriate account of the nature of signs, beyond Peirce's complicated riddles.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.247-256
• /
• 2019

The importance of the convergence education is getting more and more emphasized. But the university convergence education has not yet met today's needs. So this study is focused on showing effective practice methods and finding development directions of the university convergence criticism education. One of a significant trend of the contemporary academic education of liberal arts is the tendency of the convergent and integrative studies. What is essential in the convergent and integrative studies creativity. The zeitgeist of knowledge-based society is change and innovation. In response to its request, college education is being asked to do convergence education, And general education as the basis of convergence education is strengthened.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.591-606
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to propose basis data to nursing intervention development in order to raise the professional consciousness of long-term care workers grasping influence factor and professional consciousness. The subjects were about 185 long-term care workers at D megalopolis and 4 cities of 3 provinces from November to December, 2009. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program for descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression. The correlated factors of professional consciousness included self-efficacy(r=.420, p=.000), sense of the calling(r=.636, p=.000), education training effectiveness(r=.441, p=.000), internal locus control(r=.378, p=.000), and external locus control(r=-.356, p=.000). Factors influencing of professional consciousness of them were to show in order of sense of the calling(B=.329, p=.000), education training effectiveness(B=.250, p=.000), internal locus control(B=.216, p=.000), external locus control (B=-.165, p=.002), consideration and opplicable job choose characteristic(B=.207, p=.004), these variables accounted for 57.5% of the variance of professional consciousness. Further research needs to develop well organized educational program, training of enhancing internal locus control, and clear examination about roles and tasks of long-term care workers. Also, it suggests education and research that can enhance professional consciousness by utilizing these factors.