• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.381-388
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• 2004

After the author of 'Luxinjing' explained the children's characters using the concept of Pure-Yang, the term has been widely exploited in the literature of Oriental pediatrics, Its meaning could be summed up in three general categories, namely: Shengyang(盛陽), Zhiyinzhiyang(稚陰稚陽) and Shaoyang(少陽). The implications of Pure-Yang were different in each dynasties of China. By the early Qing(淸) period, it meant mostly Shengyang(盛陽), but its meaning moved in the direction of Zhiyinzhiyang(稚陰稚陽) after Wu Jutong(吳鞠通). And this movement in the interpretation of this term was largely triggered by the pharmaceutical concerns of doctors as too much medicine of cooling and gastrointestinal effect was used to 'cool off' the over-charged Yang characters(盛陽) of children, causing considerable detrimental side effects to the children's body. The concept of Zhiyinzhiyang(稚陰稚陽) which emphasizes the fragility of children's body thus came in action. The meaning of physiological terms in Oriental Medicine is essentially linked to its clinical applications as we have seen in the case of Pure Yang. In that respect, the recent interpretation of Pure-Yang as Shaoyang(少陽) among physicians in China seems lacking in its crucial counterpart, which is its clinical applications. No theory can prove fruitful in the absence of its practice.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.95-112
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• 2018

Objectives : This paper tried to explain the meaning of Shaoyangzhugu in Huangdineijing. Methods : The opinions on these matters that can be found in the past studies are analyzed to assess the strengths and limitations of today's explanations on the meaning of Shaoyangzhugu. Furthermore, this study attempted to suggest a more rational way of understanding that can supplement the opinions before. Results : The opinions that fail to provide a rational explanation on Shaoyangzhugu were disposed. It was found that the explanation of Shaoyangzhugu through the Shaoyang's pivot function has a potential of providing a rational understanding of Shaoyangzhugu. Following this, this study made a deduction based on the functions of gallbladder found in the Huangdineijing and explained the Shaoyang's pivot function. This study then proceeded to provide an explanation regarding Shaoyangzhugu based on this. Conclusions : Shaoyangzhugu in Huangdineijing is a function to maintain homeostasis of the skeleton of the whole body by Shaoyang's pivot function.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.77-101
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• 2024

Objectives : This study aims to determine the network of relevant concepts to 'marrow', by extracting semantic contexts of general narratives related to 'marrow' in the Huangdineijing. It aims to reinterpret the meaning of the 'marrow' concept that is not fully recognized today, and to supplement through comparison with the explanation suggested in the knowledge system of contemporary Korean Medicine. Methods : First, explanations in the Huangdineijing on the phenomenological substance of 'marrow' and later discourse made by East Asian Medical doctors were widely collected and analyzed. Through this process, a network of related concepts were determined, from which the nature and meaning of 'marrow' was extracted. Contemporary Korean Medical interpretation of the 'marrow' concept was examined and compared. Results : The marrow holds an independent position which is not explained in contemporary Korean Medical texts. Other new understandings were acquired, such as its physical anatomical existence based on its pathologies, the relationship between marrow, the Gallbladder and Shaoyang. Conclusions : 1. While the marrow holds a similar position to the innate Jing, it is not pure Jing itself. It is material form created from nutrition, yet highly refined, thus holding a unique position in being responsible for basic life activity. 2. The pathology of marrow in the Huangdineijing appears as comprehensive, including the nervous system and various neurotransmitters. 3. It is necessary to subdivide the general meaning of marrow into a multiple narrow meanings, based on the physical difference between bone marrow and nervous system. 4. The physiology of marrow is intricately related to the functions of the Gallbladder and Shaoyang.

• Journal of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.311-341
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• 1998

The objective of this article is to induce that the conception of 'Qi-jul(氣質) and Qi-pum(氣稟)' was introduced to the Sasang(四象) Constitutional Medicine from bibliographic study on the theory of 'Qi-pum(氣稟)'. The conclusions summerized as followings. 1. In the oriental medicine, qualitative difference of 'zheng-qi(正氣)' among the individuals, the opposing power against a disease, is regarded as constitution. Having been used as 'nature(素)', 'quality(質)' and 'character(氣質)' in the oriental medical book, the word of 'Che-Jil(體質)' was used in good earnest at the end of 'Qing(情)' dynasty. 2. The nature(性) is divided into two, original nature(本然之性) and charicteristic nature(氣質之性) in the 'New confucianism(新儒學)' and the former means a principle(理), is a pure and good thing and used as a conception of universality, the latter is a principle of character and a imperfect imitation of principle(理). 3. It was repeatedly confirmed that 'Qi-jil and Qi-pum' meant the difference among the individuals by the dispute of 'Li-Qi(理氣)' caused by Lee Hwang(李滉) and Lee Yi(李耳) and by that of 'Ho-Rak(湖洛)' in the Ch'o-son(朝鮮) dynasty. 4. Han Sok-Ji, based on Meng-Zi(孟子)'s doctrine that man's inborn nature is good, criticized the theory of 'Qi-pum' which was 'Zhu-Zi(朱子)'s opinion and his opinion about the life(命) was thought to clue to the classification of the 'Sasang(四象)' invented by Lee Je-Ma as Park Se-Dang's theory that everyone has common nature but has different life(命). 5. By introducing the theory of 'Qi-pum' and the conception of life(命) which was understood as a special character by Han Sok-Ji and Park Se-Dang to Sa-sang constitutional medicine, Lee Je-Ma explained the reason why each man who was classified four constitutions, 'Taiyang'(太陽), 'Taiyin'(太陰), 'Shaoyang'(少陽), 'Shaoyin'(少陰), had the different formation of the visceral department(臟局).

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.33-47
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• 2019

Objectives : To review the meaning of Open-Close-Pivot and its transition over time. Methods : Annotations and explanations in chapters where the theory of Open-Close-Pivot originated from in the "Suwen(素問)" and "Lingshu(靈樞)" were examined, followed by philological examination of key physicians. Results & Conclusions : Yang Shang Shan(楊上善) compared the 'Open-Close-Pivot' to a door. Wang Bing(王冰) explained it's movement and stillness to be the principle behind the Three-Yin-Three-Yang's threefold division. Wang Ji(汪機), in "XuSuwenChao(續素問鈔)" explained its physiological function as the entering and exiting of Ying Wei(營衛), and its scope to be exterior, interior, and center. Ma Shi(馬蒔) stratified it similar to "Shanghanlun(傷寒論)"'s six stages, while Wu Kun(吳崑) categorized Shaoyang(少陽) as being in-between exterior and interior. Zhang Jing Yue(張景岳) suggested a standard for the entering-exiting and exterior-interior-center concepts of the Open-Close-Pivot. Zhang Zhi Cong(張志聰) argued a theory of Open-Close-Pivot that emphasized the meaning of Three-Yin-Three-Yang, while Gao Shi Zong(高士宗) explained the relationship between Open, Close, Pivot and the functioning process. Shi Shou Tang(石壽棠) explained the physiology and pathology in the actions among Open-Close-Pivot with a focus on Pivot. Ke Qin(柯琴) applied Open-Close-Pivot to "Shanghanlun(傷寒論)" and used it as the basic principle to the Six Channel Ground Theory(六經地面說), also clinically applying it in the identification and treatment of the Six Channel patterns. Conclusions : Counting based word embedding methods seems to be more effective than.

• Journal of Sasang Constitution and Immune Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.79-102
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• 1999

1. Purpose : This studied Cold and Heat syndromes about Four-form Constitutional Physicalogy. It is for help the comprehension, diagnosis and treatment of physicalogy and pathology about each type. 2. Method : I studied the conception of Cold and Heat sydrome in the existing Oriental Medicine before Constitutinal Medicine, through a few symptoms(constipation, diarrhea, sweat, urine, vomiting) and physicalogy, pathology in Dongyi-Soose-Bowon. 3. Results & Conclusion : In the viewpoint of Pathological Disease and a Chapter Name, Shaoyin has the Exterior-Febrile and Interior-Cold Disease, as the constitutional primary cause of the Interior-Cold Disease, Shaoyang has the Exterior-Cold and Interior-Febrile Disease, as the Interior-Febrile Disease, accoreing to the process of the promote incomings and outgoings of food stuffs of the Spleen and Kidney. By the way, Taiyin is classified into 'One who had had the Cold Disease Primarily and the Febrile', Taiyang has the nature of 'No Cold, No Heat' that is not tendency to The Cold or Heat sydromes, according to promote the respiration of air and fluid of the Liver and Lung. In the viewpoint of a few symptoms(constipation, diarrhea, sweat, urine, vomiting), we are known that cold and heat connception of the each symptome is fixed, according to nature of cold and heat in each type. These express the methood of 'constitutional demonstration'.