• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1998

The Lesch-Nyhan syndrome which is caused by the deficiency of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase is an X-linked recessive disorder characterized by hyperuricemia, choreoathetosis, mental retardation and compulsive self-injurious behavior. Clinical management of the patients with the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is frustrating and requires burdensome medical treatment since it cripples the patient and shortens the life span by progression of neurological symptoms, but there are no cures or measures for relieving relentless natural course of the disease yet. Therefore, prenatal diagnosis of the affected fetus is important in genetic counselling for the family at high risk. In this study, four different mutations in the HPRT gene of four probands have been identified in four unrelated families; K215X, Q109X, nt.631 ${\Delta}A$, and nt.289 ${\Delta}GT$. Two mutations among them altered restriction enzyme sites; SpeI for Q109X and MaeI for nt.289 ${\Delta}GT$. Based on their molecular defects, prenatal diagnoses of 3 the fetuses were successfully made between ninth and eleventh week of gestation by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction digestion and DNA sequencing using cDNA obtained from chorionic villus samples (CVS). We predicted the outcome of all fetuses prenatally. Among the three fetuses two were male and one was female according to the identification made by PCR amplification of the sex determining region of the Y chromosome(SRY) gene. Each carried a wild type allele for the corresponding mutant allele. They were also tested postnatally for the mutations to be unaffected.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.59-69
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• 2014

Objective : This study was done to see that upper limb reaching task have an effect on stroke patient's upper limb function and self-efficacy. Methods : The object of the study was done to see for diagnosed with stroke man on the thirty-ninth of this month. upper limb reaching task was done to see three times a for 6 week and by a per for thirty minutes. To find changing upper limb function and self-efficacy before-after upper limb reaching task, they were measured using Box & block test and self-efficacy scale. Results : Box & block test and self- efficacy scale were increased mark of revaluation, evaluation result than one of early evaluation result. Conclusion : Through this study, upper limb reaching task applied to stroke patient was found that it improved stroke patient's upper limb function and self-efficacy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.301-312
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• 2000

This study conducted an analysis of the middle aged women whose ages are from 35 to 59 years old in order to give those ladies much external satisfaction and covered body lines. I have come to present a few characters of body types as silhouettes which resulted in the factors of the upper bodies of middle aged women. I have adopted SAS(statistical analysis system) as a data process method of this survey. The followings are the results analysis. 1. The item of height have decreased, but increased in the items of thickness among the late middle aged women. 2. The body componant factor of middle aged women are extracted as 10 items, and the rate of their cumulative contribution is 78.9%. The first is the thickness of upper body, the second is the thickness of side upper body, the third is the height of upper body, the fourth is the length of upper body the fifth is width of upper body, the sixth is the projected rate of back, the seventh is the projected rate of breast, the eighth is the squared rate of shoulder, the ninth is the crooked rate of neck, and the tenth is the upper from of breast. 3. The body types of middle aged women can be classified into 4 types, and the followings are their characters. Type 1 is a standard type as the most common body character of the middle aged women, showing the appearing rate of 42.4%. Type 2 is a semi-curved body type like the curved figure of side body, showing the appearing rate of 34.5%. Type 3 is a reverse body type with the projected breast feature of front body, showing the appearing rate of 20.9%. Type 4 is a crooked body type with a tall height and crooked neck, showing the appearing rate of 2.2%.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.66-79
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• 2014

Unlike other body arts, body painting illuminates the value of art using eco-friendly formative activity and natural environment and highlights the need of eco-friendly activity. However, although body painting has focused on forming right relationship between human beings and nature, there are few researches which are linked with nature art. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to argue the need to study body painting as nature art in connection with natural environment and analyze body painting according to nature art types. The study methods included both theoretical review and empirical review. The theoretical review examined the concept and characteristics of nature art through previous researches and literature and the empirical review looked into the types and works of nature art and applied them to body painting works. The results were as follows. First, an installation type was possible by arranging and attaching certain materials to the body. Second, a physical type was possible by representing body itself as the part of nature. Third, a symbolic type was possible by making body appearance as a some symbol based on artist's idea. Fourth, a sound type was possible by stimulating auditory hallucination using the nature of objects and sensing a sound. Fifth, an ecological type was possible by conveying the message of living things in nature to the body. Sixth, an interior type was possible by inducing indoor installation of works. Seventh, a poetic type was possible by making one feel a poetic inspiration expressed in nature using the mystery of the sea and a simple sequential pattern of floral leaves. Eighth, a drawing type was possible by adding artist's intentional hand with a pictorical technique. Ninth, a indigenous type was possible by reproducing South American indian's primitive style. The review of this study suggests that body painting works have been expressed in experimental and temporary arrangement like nature art in nature and can be applied according to nine types of nature art.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.270-282
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• 2013

The present study aims to investigate the effects of bicultural characteristics and social capital on psychological adaptations such as depression and self-esteem. A survey was conducted on 295 foreign-born mothers and their 305 children, ranging from third to sixth grade in elementary school up to seventh to ninth grade in middle school, residing in South Korea's seven major cities, including the city of Seoul. The results of this research are the following: 1) With regards to factors that influence depression among children in a multicultural family, less support from a friend leads to a larger exposure to multicultural programs. Also, the lower the perceived income level of his or her family, greater is the state of the child's depression. 2) Significant factors that influence self-esteem for multicultural children are friends' support, level of mothers' Korean language proficiency, teachers' support, and numbers of multicultural programs. Two implications may be addressed from this study. One is the need to consider bicultural characteristics and social capital to enhance psychological adaptability for children raised in multicultural families. Another is to apply social support characteristics such as friends' and teachers' support to multicultural programs.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.95-100
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• 1995

In this study, we have evaluated the effect of amplitude and frequency perturbation of EGG signal for single vowels associated with laryngeal pathology. The normal EGG signal was properly characterized by an autoregressive model which has an optimal order of ninth using the parametric method. This can be analyzed by determining the transfer function. Perturbations in the fundamental pitch and in the peak amplitude of EGG signal measured with a four-electrode system using the modulation/demodulation techniques were investigated for the purpose of developing a decision criteria for the laryngeal function analysis. The abnormal EGG signal has nonperiodic and unstable characteristics. It can be discriminated by the calculation of opening and closing time of glottis using the EGG signal. In case of normal and abnormal subjects, m$\pm$0.5*sd was discriminating line for frequency perturbation and m$\pm$2*sd for normal amplitude perturbations, respectively. Also, The normal and abnormal cases of the subjects can be discriminated effectively using the pattern of attractor derived with Hilbert transform of EGG signal.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.20
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• pp.241-284
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• 1993

Through the restoration, we can find that the register of houses, inhabitants and their ancestry, which is in the Sunsung Kim family registers, was fundamentally the census register of Kim Roe including more ancestry transformed into the lists of house, inhabitants and their ancestry of Kim Roe, Kim Bang-Seek, Kim Sung-Sae and Kim Hee-Bo. And we can find also the original forms were considerably damaged. That is, in the course of transformation, considerable parts of the contents of ancestry were not needed, so they were removed, the recordings of brotherandsisters, sons and their servants were also removed. By comparing of the restored census register of Kim Roe and the Sunsung Kim family registers, we can know the fact that when they published the family registers, the contents of the founder to the ninth descendants were totally depended on the census register of Kim Roe. The Census Register of King Taejo of Choson Dynasty(National Treasure No. 131) which has been recorded almost same periods as the census register of Kim Roe was remained as an original state. Therefore, it was greatly helpful for restoring the census register of Kim Roe. There were few materials which we can know the way of ordinary life in Koryo period. But through the census register of Kim Roe and the census Register of King Taejo of Choson Dynasty, we have a glimpse of their life history. Nevertheless we can find some demerits in the census register of Kim Roe as followers : First, it is not an original but a transformed one, while the Census Register of King Taejo of Choson Dynasty is first materials. Second, it was recorded the only one family. Finally, it was omitted the parts of his brotherandsisters, children and servants who lived with their master. According to these demerits its worth of materials for history will be descended more or less. Therefore, when we use this material, we should treat it more considerably.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.179-205
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• 2017

This research presents an in-depth analysis of location planning of the solar-hydrogen power plants for electricity production in different cities situated in Kerman province of Iran. Ten cities were analyzed in order to select the most suitable location for the construction of a solar-hydrogen power plant utilizing photovoltaic panels. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology was applied to prioritize cities for installing the solar-hydrogen power plant so that one candidate location was selected for each city. Different criteria including population, distance to main road, flood risk, wind speed, sunshine hours, air temperature, humidity, horizontal solar irradiation, dust, and land costare used for the analysis. From the analysis, it is found that among the candidates' cities, the site of Lalezar is ranked as the first priority for the solar-hydrogen system development. A measure of validity is obtained when results of the DEA method are compared with the results of the technique for ordering preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Applying TOPSIS model, it was found that city of Lalezar ranked first, and Rafsanjan gained last priority for installing the solar-hydrogen power plants. Cities of Baft, Sirjan, Kerman, Shahrbabak, Kahnouj, Shahdad, Bam, and Jiroft ranked second to ninth, respectively. The validity of the DEA model is compared with the results of TOPSIS and it is demonstrated that the two methods produced similar results. The solar-hydrogen power plant is considered for installation in the city of Lalezar. It is demonstrated that installation of the proposed solar-hydrogen system in Lalezar can lead to yearly yield of 129 ton-H2 which covers 4.3% of total annual energy demands of the city.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 1964

D.auraria is a species belonging to the D.melanogaster group, and this species was divided into 3 races(A, B and C race ) by morphoogical difference of the genitals . Korean populations of D.auraria A race are polymorphic with respect to the pigmentation of the abdominal tergites. The female shows two forms of color pattern, dark and light, on the sixth to the ninth tergites, and the male has no distinction shown by the female. Crossing experiments in the laboratory have shown that the difference between these color forms is due to a single pair of allelic genes located on an autosome. In natural populations, the light forms of females are always commoner than the dark one. The number of the light form increases relatively in southern localities and decreases relatively in northern localities. Furthermore, the number of the light form increases relatively in summer and decreases relatively in fall and spring. By genetic analyses of these wild flies, the relation, d/d>d/D>D/D has been disclosed as regards the relative frequencies of the genotypes in natural populations. Three experimental populations have been set up in the laboratory. Homozygous dark forms and homozygous light forms were mixed together and cultured in population cage at the temperature of 25 $^{\circ}C$. Approximately one year later, the frequencies of the light and the dark forms reached an equilibrium , the light one being usually more frequent than the dark one. This indicates that the heterozygous dark form possesses the highest adaptive value, the homozygous light being intermediate and the homozygous dark lowest. In number of adults hached, the homozygous light form was superior to the heterozygous dark form and the homozygous dark form, but the differences are scarcely significant.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.94-110
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• 2011

The main objective of this study was to find participant's recognition about and meaning of stream trekking activities by analyzing their reports after visiting Gumgang, which was a kind of field experience combined with environmental education programs. In addition, this work suggested a few points that might help improve trekking programs, trail establishment and the overall field activities along the river. Eighty reports were collected from the participants who had joined in the Gumgang trekking programs organized by both Green Korea United in Daejeon and Gumgang Basin Environmental Office of Korean EPA. A database of texts in the reports was created for the preliminary analysis and then the results were further examined in a qualitative methodology. The results of qualitative analysis demonstrated that before experiencing the trekking activities in the Gumgang, many participants seemed uninterested in a river itself, objectified it, or simply recognized functional roles. It is found that most participants preferred crossing rapids to other activities. Crossing rapids has the eleven positive aspects as follows. First of all, crossing rapids is fun and scary experience at the same time. Secondly, it is painful, but makes people feel happy ironically. Third, rapids themselves make people reminisce about their childhood and feel freedom. Fourth, they make people feel comfortable. Fifth, crossing rapids is addictive. Sixth, rapids have life. Seventh, people can learn how to adapt to nature through the experience in them. Eighth, they can make people cooperate. Ninth, they can make people recollect their old friends. Tenth, people can extend their experience near rapids to rivers. Eleventh, they can make people reflect themselves. There ere three remarkable findings about experience in rapids. Crossing rapids was an activity that most participants preferred and could make the goal of trekking in the Gumgang effectively achievable. By crossing rapids participants can understand both lively and painful parts of the river. Participants think tour guide was an essential part to trekking along the Gumgang.