• 생약학회지
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• 제36권1호통권140호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2005

Twenty eight compounds were isolated from the whole plant of Euphorbia jolkinii and evaluated for inhibitory effect on $5{\alpha}-reductase$ activity. Among the tested compounds, 1-desgalloyl eugeniin, hippomanin A, euphorbin D, exocoecarianin, rugosin E, and pentagalloyl glucose showed potent inhibitory effect on the enzyme activity. The inhibitory potency of rugosin E and euphorbin D, which are dimeric ellagitannins on $5{\alpha}-reductase$ activity, was 7-to 8-fold stronger than that of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.249-255
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• 1998

Mucoceles of the minor salivary glands are the most common cystic lesions affected the oral mucosa. They are believed to be the result of trauma to the salivary duct caused, for example, by biting the lip, cheek, or tongue. Surgical excision has been the most common treatment for these lesions, but occasional recurrences develop after excision because surgical trauma may damage the surrounding minor salivary glands Although various alternative nonsurgical approaches, such as steroid infection, application of gamma-linolenic acid, have also been reported, they are not used routinely, Lasers, particularly the carbon dioxide laser, have been used in the management of mucoceles. Although this treatment requires specialized equipment. Cryotherapy is another effective nonsurgical method for treating mucoceles. Clinically, cryotherapy has primarily been applied to the treatment of leukoplakia and hyperplastic, granulomatous, vascular, and pigmented lesions. Limited information, however, is available on the application of cryotherapy in salivary gland lesions, including mucoceles. A simple and easy cryotherapy to treat a mucocele on the lower lip is described. A 25 years old female patient with a mucocele on the lower lip was treated by direct application of liquid nitrogen with a cotton swab. The lesion was exposed to 4 or 5 cycles composed of freezings of 10-30 s and thawings of double the freezing times. No anesthesia was required. The lesion nearly disappeared without scar 10 days after the cryotherapy. Cryotherapy has become an established nonsurgical method, characterized by its simple application, therapeutic effectiveness, painless during the procedure and low incidence of secondary infection and hemorrhage.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권12호
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• pp.1817-1826
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• 2014

본 연구는 국내산 유채 종자 내한, 탐라, 목포111호, 영산, 탐미, 한라와 목포68호의 품종별 지방산 조성, 인지질, 당지질, 토코페롤 함량을 조사하고, 유채 종자를 탈지한 후 crude phenolic compound를 추출하여 총 페놀 함량과 항산화 활성을 분석하였다. 유채 종자의 조지방 함량은 29.3~33.2%였고, 품종들 간의 유의적인 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 주요 지방산은 oleic(n-9), linoleic(n-6)과 ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid(n-3)였으며, n-6/n-3 지방산의 비율은 2.20~3.68이고 이 중 내한종이 가장 낮고 한라종이 가장 높았다. Neutral lipids 함량은 내한종과 탐라종, 인지질 함량은 탐미종에서 가장 높고, 소량 함유된 당지질은 내한, 탐라, 한라와 목포68호 간 함량 차이가 없었으며 목포111호에 가장 낮게 함유되었다. 토코페놀 함량 수준은 ${\gamma}$ > ${\alpha}$ > ${\beta}$ > ${\delta}$-tocopherol이며, 내한종의 총 tocopherol 함량이 가장 높고 다음으로 탐라, 목포111의 순이었으며 영산, 탐미, 한라 목포68호는 유의적인 함량 차이를 보이지 않았다. 품종별 총 페놀 함량은 탐라> 영산> 탐미, 한라, 내한> 목포68호, 목포111호의 순으로 나타났으며, 탐라종의 DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 FRAP value가 가장 높아 7개의 품종 중 항산화 활성이 가장 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 탈지 후의 유채박에 함유된 phenol compounds의 용매별 분획할 결과 30% ethanol fraction에 가장 많이 추출되며 이 fraction의 항산화 활성이 가장 높게 나타났다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.199-204
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• 2011

To characterize phytonutrients, the seeds of 12 purple Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) accessions collected from Korea and Japan were used for quantitative analysis of tocopherols, phytosterols, squalene and fatty acids. The average tocopherol, squalene and phytosterols contents were 12.2 mg $100g^{-1}$, 3.99 mg $100g^{-1}$ and 77.20 mg $100g^{-1}$, respectively. Among 4 tocopherol (T) isomers (${\alpha}$-T, ${\beta}$-T, ${\gamma}$-T, and ${\delta}$-T), ${\gamma}$-T was present in the highest quantity (11.03 mg $100g^{-1}$) with the least variation (CV = 13.7%), while ${\beta}$-T was present in lowest quantity (0.25 mg 1$100g^{-1}$). Compared to campesterol (4.36 mg $100g^{-1}$) and stigmasterol (13.32 mg $100g^{-1}$), ${\beta}$-sitosterol exhibited higher quantity (59.51 mg $100g^{-1}$) with 9.5% of variation. The major fatty acids were unsaturated fatty acids such as linolenic (61.5%), linoleic (17.3%), and oleic (9.9%) acids compared to saturated ones: palmitic (7.6%) and stearic (3.7%) acids. When Korean and Japanese accession were compared, almost no difference in content could be observed, while more variation as evaluated by CV (%) could be observed in Japanese accession in most phytonutrients suggesting wider genetic variation of purple Perilla in Japan. Presence of all above-mentioned phytonutrient compounds strongly suggested health beneficial value of purple Perilla seeds.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.206-215
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• 2009

This experiment was carried out to evaluate performance and carcass characteristics of 40 crossbred young bulls ($Zebu{\times}European$) finished in a feedlot under two roughage sources (Bermuda grass hay or sorghum silage) with or without the addition of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae). The bulls were 20 months old, their initial average weight was 356 kg and they were allocated into four groups of ten animals. The experimental diets were Bermuda grass, Bermuda grass+yeast, sorghum silage and sorghum silage +yeast. Animal performance and carcass characteristics were not influenced by roughage source or yeast addition. The average daily weight gain was 1.50 kg, dry matter intake (DMI) was 11.1 kg/d, DMI as percentage of liveweight was 2.60% and feed dry matter conversion was 7.70. The mean dressing percentage was 52.0% and hot carcass weight was 268 kg. Carcass conformation was classified between good-minus to good. Carcass length (137 cm), leg length (72.9 cm) and cushion thickness (26.6 cm) were not influenced by treatments. The average fat thickness was 3.80 mm and the Longissimus muscle area was 66.9 $cm^{2}$. The classification of color, texture and marbling were slightly dark red to red, fine and slight-minus to light-typical, respectively. The mean percentage of bone, muscle and fat in the carcass was 15.5%, 62.3% and 22.5%, respectively. Yeast addition increased ${\gamma}$-linolenic fatty acid (0.15 vs. 0.11%) deposition. Bermuda grass hay increased deposition of ${\alpha}$-linolenic (0.49 vs. 0.41%), arachidonic (2.30 vs. 1.57%), eicosapentaenoic (0.41 vs. 0.29%), docosapentaenoic (0.80 vs. 0.62%), docosahexaenoic (0.11 vs. 0.06%) and n-3 fatty acids, and reduced n-6: n-3 ratio in meat, when compared to sorghum silage treatments. The treatments had no effect on saturated fatty acids (49.5%), polyunsaturated fatty acids (11.8%), n-6 fatty acids (9.87%), n-3 (1.61%) and PUFA:SFA ratio (0.24). Monounsaturated fatty acid levels were higher on sorghum silage (40.7 vs. 37.7%). The addition of yeast caused higher n-6: n-3 ratio (7.28 vs. 5.70) than treatments without yeast.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.564-572
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• 2015

본 연구는 백하수오가 가지는 일반 성분과 영양 성분에 대한 탐색을 실시하였다. 무기질에서 높은 칼륨 성분을 보이고 있었으며 라디칼 소거능 역시 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 아미노산에서는 유리 및 구성 아미노산 모두 arginine이 높은 함량을 나타냈으며 생리활성이 우수한 것으로 보고되는 ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid(GABA) 역시 높은 함량을 보이고 있다. 지방산 조성을 볼 때 필수지방산으로 알려진 linoleic acid가 가장 주된 지방산으로 나타났으며 ${\omega}$-3 계열인 linolenic acid가 존재하는 것으로 볼 때 우수한 영양적 조성을 가지고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 관능검사를 통해 백하수오차의 경우 녹차에 비해 약간의 쓴맛과 단맛이 부족하다고 측정되었으나 농도 조절이나 부재료 첨가를 통해 개선할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.591-600
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• 2013

This study investigated the changes in the nutraceutical lipid components of brown rice oil after germination. Four different high-yielding cultivars (Dasan1, Segyejinmi, Hanareum1 and Hanareum2) of Korean brown rice were selected and brown rice oil was extracted from each cultivar before and after germination. Free fatty acid, squalene, policosanols, and isomers of phytosterol were analyzed using GC, and isomers of tocols (tocopherol and tocotrienol) and ${\gamma}$-oryzanol were quantified using HPLC from both brown rice oil (BRO) and germinated brown rice oil (GBRO). The contents of phytosterol isomers, campesterol, stigmasterol, and ${\beta}$-sitosterol were increased by 8.3%, 31.6%, 3.3% in GBRO, respectively. Furthermore, the squalene content showed the highest increase of up to 2.4 fold in GBRO compared to BRO. In addition, linoleic and linolenic acid composition increased whereas oleic and palmitic acid decreased in the GRBO. However, the contents of tocols (tocopherol and tocotrienol) in GBRO were lower than those in BRO, and there was no significant difference in policosanol and ${\gamma}$-oryzanol between GBRO and BRO. These results suggest that GBRO has the potential as a healthy and functional source due to its lipid profile on improved lipid metabolism.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1635-1644
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• 2018

Asterias amurensis (starfish) is a marine organism that is harmful to the fishing industry, but is also a potential source of functional materials. The present study was conducted to analyze the profiles of fatty acids extracted from A. amurensis tissues and their anti-inflammatory effects on RAW264.7 macrophage cells. In different tissues, the component ratios of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids differed; particularly, polyunsaturated fatty acids such as dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (20:3n-6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) were considerably different. In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, fatty acids from A. amurensis skin, gonads, and digestive glands exhibited anti-inflammatory activities by reducing nitric oxide production and inducing nitric oxide synthase gene expression. Asterias amurensis fatty acids effectively suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, interleukin-$1{\beta}$, and interleukin-6 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells. Cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin $E_2$, which are critical inflammation biomarkers, were also significantly suppressed. Furthermore, A. amurensis fatty acids reduced the phosphorylation of nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ p-65, p38, extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, indicating that these fatty acids ameliorated inflammation through the nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. These results provide insight into the anti-inflammatory mechanism of A. amurensis fatty acids on immune cells and suggest that the species is a potential source of anti-inflammatory molecules.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.669-675
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• 2015

본 연구는 사육방식의 차이가 한우 등심내 콜티졸과 지방산함량에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 무항생제 및 관행축산으로 생산된 한우육 1등급 등심 부위를 3종류의 브랜드별로 각각 3회씩 총 18점을 구매하여 시료로 공시하였고, 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 한우육 등심내 콜티졸 함량은 무항생제 처리구에서 관행사육 처리구 대비 유의적 (p=0.0176)으로 낮게 나타났으며, 포화지방산 및 불포화지방산 함량에서는 유의적 (p >0.05)인 차이를 나타내지는 않았으나, 관행사육 처리구에서는 포화지방산이, 무항생제 처리구에서는 불포화지방산이 각각 높은 경향으로 분석되었다. 또한, 불포화지방산 중 n-3과 n-9 지방산을 제외한 n-6 지방산에서 유의적 (p <0.01)인 차이를 보였다. 또한, 한우 등심내 콜티졸 농도와 n-6 지방산 농도간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 유의적 (p=0.0014)으로 부 (-)의 상관관계가 성립되었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2014

들기름 및 미강유를 베이스로 개발한 혼합 식용유는 오메가-3 지방산인 리놀렌산 함량이 약 20% 정도로 매우 높다. 이는 기존의 일반 식용유 중 오메가-3 지방 함량이 매우 높은 콩기름과 카놀라유의 리놀렌산 함량이 각각 6% 및 10% 내외인 점을 감안하면, 이들 식용유에 비하여 새로 들기름과 미강유를 혼합한 식용유는 2~3배 높은 비율로 오메가-3 지방산을 제공할 수 있어서, 오메가-3 지방산 섭취가 부족한 현대인의 식단에서 중요한 오메가-3 지방산 급원으로서의 역할을 할 수 있을 것이다. 뿐만 아니라, 토코페롤 함량도 약 46.77 mg/100 g oil 정도인데, 가장 주목할 일은 토코페롤 동족류 중 비타민 E의 활성이 가장 강한 알파-토코페롤(31.71 mg/100 g oil)이 가장 많이 존재하여, 총 토코페롤의 64%를 차지하고 있어서 비타민 E로서의 기능이 높다. 혈중 콜레스테롤 함량을 낮추는 기능성이 알려진 파이토스테롤 함량이 들기름과 미강유를 혼합한 식용유에 약 7,200 ppm 함유되어 있어, 일반적인 식용유의 3,000 ppm의 약 2.3배에 달한다. 본 연구에서 개발한 들기름과 미강유를 혼합한 식용유는 일반적인 식용유인 콩기름과 거의 유사한 산화안정성을 갖는 것으로 확인되어, 일반 들기름에 비하여 현저히 높은 산화안정성이 확보되었다.