• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2698-2717
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• 2019

This paper proposes a multi-stage encryption technique to enhance the level of secrecy of image to facilitate its secured transmission through the public network. A great number of researches have been done on image secrecy. The existing image encryption techniques like visual cryptography (VC), steganography, watermarking etc. while are applied individually, usually they cannot provide unbreakable secrecy. In this paper, through combining several separate techniques, a hybrid multi-stage encryption technique is proposed which provides nearly unbreakable image secrecy, while the encryption/decryption time remains almost the same of the exiting techniques. The technique consecutively exploits VC, steganography and one time pad (OTP). At first it encrypts the input image using VC, i.e., splits the pixels of the input image into multiple shares to make it unpredictable. Then after the pixel to binary conversion within each share, the exploitation of steganography detects the least significant bits (LSBs) from each chunk within each share. At last, OTP encryption technique is applied on LSBs along with randomly generated OTP secret key to generate the ultimate cipher image. Besides, prior to sending the OTP key to the receiver, first it is converted from binary to integer and then an asymmetric cryptosystem is applied to encrypt it and thereby the key is delivered securely. Finally, the outcome, the time requirement of encryption and decryption, the security and statistical analyses of the proposed technique are evaluated and compared with existing techniques.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

This study explored the factors affecting the acceptance of public recording in SNS post. Using SPSS 21.0 program and AMOS 21.0 program, major results were derived through exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and path analysis. The results are as follows: First, the risk of personal information leakage on SNS posting has a significant negative impact on the attitude toward SNS posting. Second, the security of the SNS posting has a significant effect on the attitude toward the SNS posting. Third, the concern about privacy of SNS posting has a significant negative impact on the attitude toward SNS posting. Fourth, the attitude toward SNS posting has a significant effect on the intention to accept the SNS posting. The above results suggest that the SNS post recording should be able to collect opinions of SNS users from a long-term viewpoint.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.215-222
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• 2019

Advances in technologies about 3D (three-dimensional) printing and smart factory related issues will have the effect of reducing the cost of building a smart factory and making various types of service available. Manufacturers and service providers of small assets work with outside experts to provide small amounts of customized ordering services. If customers have to disclose their private information to subscribe to a new service, they may be reluctant to use it and the availability of developed technology may cause slow progress. We propose a new protocol for customized order service for smart factory. The proposed approach is designed to meet requirements of security and based on smart contract in IoT convergence network. We analyzed the requirements of the proposed approach which provided anonymity, privacy, fairness, and non-repudiation. We compared it with closely related studies to show originality and differences.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1688-1696
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• 2020

The paradigm of Internet-of-things(IoT) systems is changing from a cloud-based system to an edge-based system to solve delays caused by network congestion, server overload and security issues due to data transmission. However, edge-based IoT systems have fatal weaknesses such as lack of performance and flexibility due to various limitations. To improve performance, application-specific hardware can be implemented in the edge device, but performance cannot be improved except for specific applications due to a fixed function. This paper introduces a edge-centric metamorphic IoT(mIoT) platform that can use a variety of hardware through on-demand partial reconfiguration despite the limited hardware resources of the edge device, so we can increase the performance and flexibility of the edge device. According to the experimental results, the edge-centric mIoT platform that executes the reconfiguration algorithm at the edge was able to reduce the number of server accesses by up to 82.2% compared to previous studies in which the reconfiguration algorithm was executed on the server.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.879-884
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• 2020

In the conventional video file system, videos are stored in a high performance server which has mass storage hard disks or disk arrays. For 3D internet broadcasting, real time operations are required to transmit video files to many clients. This paper describes the design of the 3D internet broadcasting system which can provide realtime streaming service to many users in the 5G environment. In reality, unicast is used to transmit multimedia contents over the internet rather than IP multicast since IP multicast has its own drawbacks in deployment, security, maintenance and so on. In addition, multimedia broadcasting service system like VoD has difficulties in applying to 3D internet broadcasting system since it requires a large amount of system and network resources. In this work, we develop a 3D internet broadcasting system which can construct effective data delivery by minimizing performance-degrading factors.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.7-14
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• 2021

The emergence of the automated smart grid has become an essential device for responding to these problems and is bringing progress toward a smart grid-based society. Smart grid is a new paradigm that enables two-way communication between electricity suppliers and consumers. Smart grids have emerged due to engineers' initiatives to make the power grid more stable, reliable, efficient and safe. Smart grids create opportunities for electricity consumers to play a greater role in electricity use and motivate them to use electricity wisely and efficiently. Therefore, this study focuses on power demand management through machine learning. In relation to demand forecasting using machine learning, various machine learning models are currently introduced and applied, and a systematic approach is required. In particular, the GP learning model has advantages over other learning models in terms of general consumption prediction and data visualization, but is strongly influenced by data independence when it comes to prediction of smart meter data.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.50-55
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• 2021

Multi-path system is a system in which utilizes various networks simultaneously. It is expected that multi-path system can enhance communication speed, reliability, security of network. In this paper, we focus on path selection in multi-path system. To select optimal path, we propose deep reinforcement learning algorithm which is rewarded by the round-trip-time (RTT) of each networks. Unlike multi-armed bandit model, deep Q learning is applied to consider rapidly changing situations. Due to the delay of RTT data, we also suggest compensation algorithm of the delayed reward. Moreover, we implement testbed learning server to evaluate the performance of proposed algorithm. The learning server contains distributed database and tensorflow module to efficiently operate deep learning algorithm. By means of simulation, we showed that the proposed algorithm has better performance than lowest RTT about 20%.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.449-455
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• 2021

This paper proposes an encryption web transaction attack detection system based on the existing web application monitoring system. Although there was difficulty in detecting attacks on the encrypted web traffic because the existing web traffic security systems detect and defend attacks based on encrypted packets in the network area of the encryption section between the client and server, by utilizing the technology of the web application monitoring system, it is possible to detect various intelligent cyber-attacks based on information that is already decrypted in the memory of the web application server. In addition, since user identification is possible through the application session ID, statistical detection of attacks such as IP tampering attacks, mass web transaction call users, and DDoS attacks are also possible. Thus, it can be considered that it is possible to respond to various intelligent cyber attacks hidden in the encrypted traffic by collecting and detecting information in the non-encrypted section of the encrypted web traffic.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.361-367
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• 2021

Information search in video streaming services such as YouTube is replacing traditional information search services. To find desired detailed information in such a video, users should repeatedly navigate several points in the video, resulting in a waste of time and network traffic. In this paper, we propose a method to assist users in searching for information in a video by using DBSCAN clustering and LSTM. Our LSTM model is trained with a dataset that consists of user search sequences and their final target points categorized by DBSCAN clustering algorithm. Then, our proposed method utilizes the trained model to suggest an expected category for the user's desired target point based on a partial search sequence that can be collected at the beginning of the search. Our experiment results show that the proposed method successfully finds user destination points with 98% accuracy and 7s of the time difference by average.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.91-96
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• 2020

A blockchain is a technology in which all nodes participating in a distributed network manage each transaction's contents without a central server managing the transaction, which is a record of the transaction. The block containing the transaction record of a specific period is connected to the blockchain by referring to the hash value for the previous block, and the chain with the new block added is shared with all nodes again. Transactions using existing certificates will pass through FinTech, and in the near future, applications using blockchains are expected to emerge. In this study, we analyze the problems of the existing model, and propose a transaction model that applies the blockchain to come. Among various applications, this study develops a trading model targeting the energy sales market among the topics that will lead the fourth industrial revolution. As a result of analyzing the proposed model, it was possible to be sure of the possibility of a safer energy sales transaction than the existing method.