• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.179-184
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• 2003

This study investigated the relationship of fuel weight and depth together with slope on the spread of forest fire. Fire spread was faster on the greater slope in forested land. Fire had a greater spread rate with lighter fuel weight. The thickness of the fuel bed and forest fire spread rate were not related. The fire spread rate was closely related to the slope and weight of the fuel bed (significant at 0.01, 0.05, respectively). The thickness of the fuel bed was not significant (0.05).

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.251-259
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• 2018

This study aimed to identify the risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among age groups using the Framingham risk score (FRS). The research design used was a cross sectional descriptive study using the Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2013-2015. Data from 5211 men, between the ages of 30-74 was analyzed. After adjusting for age, the result of logistic regression analysis showed that obesity (OR=2.51 95% CI=2.05-3.07), physical inactivity (OR=1.71, 95% CI=1.39-2.10), heavy alcohol drinking (OR=1.33, 95% CI=1.09-1.62), and dietary fiber intake (OR=0.99, 95% CI=0.98-0.99) were presented as predictors of CVD. Obesity was considered to be a particularly important predictor of CVD for young and middle-aged men. This result will be used for developing intervention relating to lifestyle modification for young and middle-aged men.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.127-133
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• 2020

This study was to survey the relationship between employment stress and self-rated oral health status in university students from Sep. 2 to 27, 2019. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 program. In case of high employment stress, the comparative risk of self-rated oral health status was 1.7 times in Gingiva swelling, 1.46 times in ulcer and 1.53 times in hypersensitivity. After correcting the general characteristics (gender, age, grade, major), the comparative risk was 1.56 times for Gingiva swelling, 1.42 times for ulcer and 1.44 times for hypersensitivity. Therefore employment stress was found to be related to oral health and it is considered necessary to find ways to prevent and manage oral health by seeking various methods such as counseling support or stress control to reduce employment stress.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.183-189
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• 1990

An efficient method has been developed for the purification of urokinase from 1, 000 liter batches of human urine. The procedure involved precipitation of urokinase with 2mM zinc chloride, resuspension of the precipitate with 0.1M EDTA/0.5M Glycine solution, and CM-Toyopearl and benzamidine-Sepharose column chromatography. The purified urokinase was fully active and possessed a specific activity of 1.07$\times$105IU/mg. The recoveries ranged from 42 to 65% in several preparations(mean value was 51%). And the urokinase purified by this process consisted of about 13% of single chain urokinase (pro-urokinase) as evaluated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in reducing condition and by S-2444 amldolytic activity under plasmin treatment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.272-277
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• 2004

Zygotic embryos of Stewartia korean Nakai were cultured to determine the effects both of BA and NAA on adventitious shoot induction. Multiple shoots (about 11 per explant) were formed when the embryos were treated with 1.0 mg/L BA alone. On the other hand, NAA appeared to inhibit shoot induction when treated with BA. Adventitious shoots looked differ in form and color by the combinations of BA and NAA treated. When both BA and NAA were present, the shoots became short and developed dark color. The highest rooting was observed at 0.5mg/L NAA. The results could be useful for the establishment of in vitro regeneration system for Stewartia koreana Nakai.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2007

The objectives of this study are: (1) to compare the rates and pathways of organic matter minerlaization at stagnant freshwater wetland in Shiwha to highly irrigated coastal wetland in Ganghwa; and (2) to discuss the significance of irrigation into the sediment in controlling the organic carbon oxidation in Shiwha wetland. Concentrations of $CO_2$, $NH_4{^+}$ and $H_2S$ in the pore water of the Shiwha wetland were 3 times, 30 times, and 3 times higher than that in the pore water of the Ganghwa wetland, respectively. The ratio of Fe(III) to total reduced sulfur at the Ganghwa wetland was 12 times higher than at the Shiwha wetland. The results indicated that the Ganghwa wetland with frequent tidal inundation were relatively oxidized than highly stagnant Shiwha wetland. Rates of organic matter oxidation at the Ganghwa wetland ($0.039mM\;C\;h{-1}$) was 390 times higher than that at the Shiwha wetland ($0.0001mM\;C\;h{-1}$). Rates of sulfate reduction at the Shiwha wetland ($314{\sim}580nmol\;cm^{-3}\;d{-1}$) were comparable to the sulfate reduction at Ganghwa wetland ($2{\sim}769nmol\;cm^{-3}\; d{-1}$), whereas Fe(III) reduction rates were 1.7 times higher at the Ganghwa wetland ($0.1368{\mu}mol\;cm^{-3}\;d{-1}$) than at the Shiwha wetland ($0.087{\mu}mol\;cm^{-3}\;d{-1}$). The results implied that the water flow system of the Shiwha wetland was too stagnant to flush out the reduced pore water from the sediment, and thus anaerobic microbial respiration was limited by the availability of electron acceptors.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.191-195
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• 1995

Bovine follicular oocytes were matured in vitro for 3D hr and exposed to Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline containing 7% ethanol for 7 minutes for their activation, and incubated in TCM199 containing 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) and cytochalasin D (CD). When the oocytes were exposed to cytochalasin D for 0, 5, 10 and 15 hr, 5 hr showed highest developmental rate to blastocyst (16%), expanded blastocyst (13%) and hatched blastocyst (7%). Also when the oocytes were cultured for 7 hours in medium contai ning 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 ${\mu}\textrm{g}$/ml cytochalasin D, 2.5 ${\mu}\textrm{g}$/ml showed highest developmental rate to blastocyst (13%), expanded blastocyst (7%) and hatched blastocyst (4%). In conclusion, cytochalasin D played very important role for parthenogenetic development of follicular oocytes and 5 hr of exposure time to CD and 2.5 ${\mu}\textrm{g}$/ml CD in the medium was optimal for development of the follicular oocyte.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.317-323
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the oral symptoms experienced by adolescents according to Body Mass Index. We analyzed the data using the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey and conducted complex-sample descriptive statistics on 55,728 participants. The prevalence of sensitive teeth, tooth pain, gingival bleeding, and swelling was highest in the overweight group (36.8%, 23.9%, and 19.2%) and lowest in the underweight group (34.6%, 20.8%, and 17.0%) (p<0.001). Tooth pain, gingival bleeding, and swelling were significantly higher (all 1.08) in the overweight group than in the normal group. Halitosis was 1.19-and 1.43-higher in the overweight and obese groups, respectively. The relationship between systemic diseases and oral health among adolescents should be further investigated.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.470-476
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• 2014

This study was performed to evaluate the quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of sikhe prepared using various concentrations of hot water extracts roasted coffee ground residue (CR-sikhe; 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0%). The pH increased with increasing CR concentration. The reducing sugar content after 5 h saccharification was the highest when 0.8% CR extract was used. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents increased in a concentration-dependent manner reaching maximum levels when 1.0% CR-extract was used. The antioxidant activities of CR-extracts were higher than that of the control and increased dose-dependently. The CR-0.6 showed the best taste (4.28), color (4.56), flavor (4.08), and overall acceptability (4.28). After 10 day of storage at $4^{\circ}C$, the total cell count in CR-sikhe was approximately 1-2 log cycle, which was less than that in the control.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.78 no.4
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• pp.401-411
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• 1989

The embryos of Pinus taeda, P. rigida, and P. taeda ${\times}$ rigida were cultured for adventitious shoot regeneration in vitro. Culture media were modified from Gresshoff and Doy (MGD), Murashige and Skoog (MMS), Lloyd and McCown (MLM), and Schenk and Hildebrandt (MSH). NAA was added to initiation media at a concentration of 0.1 or 0.01 mg/l. BAP was used at the concentrations of 0.1. 0.5, 1, 2, or 5mg/l. Each explant was induced for 3-4 weeks on solid medium. All explants were cultured up to 16 weeks. Illumination was about $1506{\pm}540lux$ at the level of the tissues in the growth room with a temperature of $25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. A 16-hour photoperiod per 24 hours was used. Half-strength medium was used for all the subcultures. For shoot production by loblolly pine, MMS, MLM, or MSH is preferred with 5 mg/l BAP with either 0.1 or 0.01 mg/l NAA. For shoot production by pitch pine, MMS, MLM, or MSH is recommended with 2 or 5 mg/l BAP with 0.1 mg/l NAA. For shoot production by the hybrid pine, MMS or MLM is more effective with 1, 2 or 5 mg/l BAP with 0.1 mg/l NAA. There were no differences recognized among the species tried in the patterns of bud formation and shoot development. Different composition of media, in major and minor salts or possibly in vitamins, should be tested for the two developmental stages of adventitious shoots ; the induction of shoot buds and the elongation of them into shoots.