• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.37 no.3 s.108
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• pp.332-343
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• 2004

This study was conducted to test a possibility of water quality improvement using a filter-feeding bivalve (Corbicula leana). In mesocosm scale (width ${\times}$ length ${\times}$ depth: 3 m ${\times}$ 3 m ${\times}$ 0.5 m), we investigated the changes of dissolved nutrient and particulate matter including both abiotic and biotic seston. Short term (16 days) mesocosm experiment was conducted in two stages: the first stage for 8 days and consecutive 8 days of the second stage. Both treatment and control mesocosm were switched over by translocating mussels from the treatment mesocosm to the control, at 8th days since the start of the experiment. This design made it possible to compare mussel effect on the water quality change more clearly. The high mortality of mussel was observed in the treatment of the first stage, but it decreased rapidly and stabilized on the 8th day to less than< 4 ind $day^{-1}$. Chl. a concentration in the treatment mesocosm of the first and second stage decreased to 71 and 88% of initial concentration, respectively, and suspended solids decreased to 70 and 77%. At those times, average filtering rate were 0.46 and 0.61 mL AFDW $mg^{-1}$ $hr^{-1}$, respectively. Both $NH_3-N$ and dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) concentrations increased with the mussel mortality. $NH_3-N$ concentration was positively correlated with the mussel mortality, while DTP concentration showed negative correlation with it. After translocating mussel from the treatment to the control, $NH_3-N$ concentration significantly increased compared with that of initial control. Although DTP concentration also increased, there was no significant difference relative to that of initial control. These results suggest that application of this filter-feeding bivalve in a eutrophic reservoir could be a potential tool to improve water quality if mussels could acclimatize successfully in early stage of the introduction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.183-192
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• 2017

This study aims to suggest improved design for both non-smokers and smokers to minimize inconvenience of smoke, at the same time, allow smoking in comfortable environment. The study was researched in three categories: First, consciousness research regarding smoking booth, second, preference research regarding product design, and third, research on emotional words about smoking booth by emotion evaluation. The result of design preference research was, first of all, smoking booth for smokers should be designed in both notable and familiar shape rather than stiff and rough shape. Second, color for the booth should apply warm colors such as white, pastel, and bright tone rather than prime colors. Third, the internal circulation filter in smoking booth should be managed thoroughly. In addition, extra seats and ventilation design is necessary to prevent passive smoking. The result of emotion evaluation was that people recognized certain words in four aspects. Each image word for factor 1 was "functional emotion', factor 2 was "psychological emotion", factor 3 as "color emotion", and factor 4 as "shape emotion". User-centered service design is necessary for both smokers and non-smokers, to minimize the damage by smoke and to spend time for short break.