• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.215-228
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• 1996

Pain is a protective mechanism for the body in that it occurs when tissues are damaged. Patients who need physical therapy intervention has various pain. Thus, pain is one of aim for physical therpay. The purposes of this review are to give information and basic data for pain control which is related physical therapy. We discuss about pain pathways, pain theory, type of pain, variance which is affected pain, assessment tools, and managing pain.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.162-172
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate differences in pain, pain interference, and fatigue, according to the level of physical activity in the elderly with chronic pain. Methods: Data were collected between January and March 2011 from 116 elders with chronic pain living in community settings. The data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 17.0 program for descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test, t-test, ANOVA and ANCOVA. The reliability of the instruments was tested with Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient, which ranged from .91 to .93. Results: The results were as follows. The mean total physical activity was 2287.4 MET-min/week, and 41.4% of the investigated subjects were classified into the low physical activity group. After adjusting for age and sex, the moderate and high physical activity groups were significantly lower in pain (F=6.33, p=.002), pain interference (F=11.57, p<.001), and fatigue (F=3.16, p=.046) than the low physical activity group. Conclusion: Results from this study suggest that the level of physical activity can influence pain, pain interference and fatigue. Therefore, incorporating more physical activities into daily routines, inactive elderly individuals may improve their pain, pain interference and fatigue.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.130-139
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was designed to present preliminary data for the development of appropriate nursing care system for the patients with ALS by analyzing their physical function. Method: The clinical data of 36 ALS patients, who visited ALS Clinic of H University Hospital in Seoul, were collected from January, 2006 to August, 2006. To determine the physical function, Norris ALS scale and Appel ALS Rating Scale were used. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, range, t-test, ANOVA, using SPSS PC program. Results: The mean score of physical activity, muscle strength, upper extremity function, lower extremity function was 18.08, 27.72, 25.94, 25.19 respectively. There were significant differences in physical activity, muscle strength, and upper extremity function according to sender and comorbid disease(diabetes). Although sites of symptom onset were not statistically significant with all physical function, patients with bulbar onset showed relatively severe physical disabilities. Conclusion: The preliminary data on physical function of patients with ALS would be helpful for the development of ALS nursing guideline system.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.49-60
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• 2012

The purpose of this study aim to analyze factors that influence the job satisfaction of physical therapist in working in Elderly Care Facilities. The participants were 173 physical therapist was using a self-administered questionnaire. Data was collected from June 12 to 15, 2012 and analyzed by SPSS 12.0. The average physical therapist's job satisfaction was $3.27{\pm}.49$ points. There was significant difference according to work motivation in job satisfaction. 83.4% of participants felt pain. The major causes of the pain were 'repeating the same job constantly(25.5%).' There were statistically significant correlations between pain on movement patterns(r=-.163, p<0.01), duration of pain(r=-.174, p<0.01) and job satisfaction. Multiple regression analysis revealed that job satisfaction became significantly high with work motivation is more definitely. It is necessary to develop job satisfaction management program and musculoskeletal pain policy for physical therapist.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.19-23
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• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of the present study was to describe the prevalence and causes of occurrence on work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) in physical therapist. Methods : Self-administered questionnaires were distributed by mail to 100 physical therapists in Daegu city. 85 of the questionnaires were returned and 80 of them except 5 unclearly answered ones were analyzed. Results : They felt the pain at shoulders(80%), lower back(74%), wrists(71%), neck(70%), elbow(48%), finger(40%). The major causes of the pain were "repeating the same job constantly(93%)," and "bending wrists too much and doing things that require excessive strength(90%)." It was significant different more Exercise therapist than modality therapist. Conclusion : We suggest that physical therapist for exercise therapy need the development and applies of various program for prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.53-59
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• 2008

Purpose: The non-receptor-type protein tyrosine kinase Syk (636 amino acids, 72 kDa) is ubiquitously expressed in hematopoietic stem cells and has been widely studied as a regulator and effector of B cell receptor signaling that occurs in processes such as differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. However, the mechanism relating Syk and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPK) by endothelin-1 (ET-1, 21 amino acids) stimulation in muscle cells, especially in the volume-dependent hypertensive state, remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we investigated the relationship between Syk and p38MAPK for isometric contraction and enzymatic activity by ET-1 from rat aortic smooth muscle cells and aldosterone-analogue deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) hypertensive state rats (ADHR). Results: The systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in ADHR than in a control group of animals. ET-1 induced isometric contraction and phosphorylation of p38MAPK, which was increased in muscle strips from ADHR. Increased vasoconstriction and phosphorylation of p38MAPK induced by treatment with 30 nM ET-1 were inhibited by the use of 10${\mu}M$ SB203580, an inhibitor of p38MAPK from ADHR. Furthermore, ET-1 induced isometric contraction and phosphorylation of Syk and p38MAPK, which were increased in the aortic smooth muscle cells. Increased tension and phosphorylation of Syk and p38MAPK induced by ET-1 were inhibited by SB203580 from rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Conclusion: These results, suggest that the Syk activity affects ET-1-induced contraction through p38MAPK in smooth muscle cells and that the same pathway directly or indirectly is associated with volume dependent hypertension. The findings suggest the need to develop cardiovascular disease-specialized physical therapy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.146-153
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the association between physical activity and vitamin D deficiency status among Korean adolescents. Methods: This is cross-sectional analysis of Korean adolescents aged 10-18 years from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES 2010-2012; n=2,384). We estimated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and identified the correlations with the strength of physical activity. $x^2$ test, t-test, and multiple logistic regression using complex sample analysis were done. The odds ratio of vitamin D deficiency by physical activity was calculated using complex sample multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 78.2%. The mean serum 25 (OH) D level in deficiency group and non-deficiency group was 14.4ng/mL, 23.7ng/mL respectively. Differences by age strata (the prevalence ranging from 68.5% to 86.3%) and gender (78.6% for boy and 84.5% for girl) were identified. Among adolescents aged 16-18 or girl in vigorous physical activity, a significant correlation between vitamin D deficiency and physical activity was observed, whereas no significant correlation were found among adolescents in moderate physical activity. Conclusion: In conclusion, vigorous physical activity was associated with vitamin D deficit in Korean adolescents. Thus, intervention programs enhancing vigorous activity than moderate activity need to be developed in schools and community.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.14-24
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the level of expectations regarding aging (ERA) and identify relationship between ERA and physical activity of middle aged adults. Methods: Participants were middle aged adults who resided in the community in three cities in Korea. Data were collected using questionnaires that contained items on individual characteristic, International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ), and behavior-specific cognitive factors including ERA-12. Hierarchical multiple regression was conducted to examine whether ERA would predict physical activity by controlling other factors. Results: The mean age of the participants was $51.1{\pm}6.9$ years. The mean score for ERA (possible range=0 to 100) was $40.04{\pm}14.31$. More than half of the participants (62.6%) were not engaged in health promoting physical activity. Gender, employment status and exercise confidence were associated with level of physical activity (F=7.14, p<.001, $R^2=.36$). After controlling for individual factors and behavior-specific cognitive factors, ERA was independently related to physical activity (F=7.19, p<.001, $R^2=.38$). Conclusion: The results demonstrate that individuals' belief about aging has effects on physical activity in Korean middle aged adults. Thus, nursing interventions which focused on ERA could help enhance physical activity in middle aged adults.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.301-312
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine Exercisely the effects of applying an Integrated Exercise Program (IEP) with the adapted use of Thera-Band exercise sets to Korean seniors on their improvement in their physical strength (PS), daily living ability (ADL and IDAL). Methods : The Exercise group consisted of 30 Korean seniors of 65 years of age or older, while the control group had another 30 Korean seniors with comparable aging. The Exercise group received the IEP for 50 to 60 minutes per session, three sessions per week, for a duration of consecutive 12 weeks. Results : This confirms the beneficial effects of the IEP on their MA and PS, and their improvement in PS (p<.05), in turn, can improve their IADL (p<.05). The results of this study indicate the potentialities for IEP to help Korean seniors of 65 years or older to improve their PS, ADL and IADL. Conclusion : The IEP is within the physical and financial capabilities of Korean seniors, can be designed and modified and adjusted according to their individual physiological conditions. Sustained, regular exercises under IEP are expected to help resolve physiological issues of aging of Korean seniors.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.21-29
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• 2014

Purpose : This study is aimed at offering basic data for fostering the flexible attitude of physical therapy students towards seniors with dementia and the clinical ability to deal with such patients without fear after employment. Method : We investigated 181 physical therapists and 225 university students by using questionnaires from August 12 to September 19 2013. The questionnaire that used in this study was consisted by question about general characteristics, knowledge of dementia, attitude of dementia. The following result was obtained by using SPSS 19.0. Result : Attitude scores for dementia, Physical therapist was 41.66. Physical Therapy student was 40.34. Non-student Department of Health was 39.22. Non-Department of Health student was affected by acquisition of dementia information and living with the elderly. Physical Therapy student had significant influence depending on the household monthly income. Non-Department of Health student had significant influence depending on student age. Physical therapist had significant influence in accordance with dementia information. Conclusion : The study has revealed that the following factors of the therapists influence their attitudes towards dementia: their age; educational level; whether or not they have a family member with dementia; whether or not they have obtained information on dementia. Based on the finding, it is necessary to foster the flexible attitude of students towards seniors with dementia and provide education on effective clinical approaches upon physical therapy.