• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 2010

Backgrounds : Since December 1, 2009, National Health Insurance began to reimburse for three physical therapies of Korean medicine. The extension of insurance coverage is demanded by Korean medicine societies. Objectives : This study aimed to measure the resource-based relative value scale (RBRVS) scores for thirty four physical therapies of Korean medicine and to estimate the insurer's expenditure for them in National Health Insurance. Methods : To measure the physician's work and the practice expense, the 'magnitude estimation method (MEM)' and the 'fully distributed cost - attributable cost method (FDC-ACM)' were applied respectively. We collected the frequency data of physical therapies from Korean medicine hospitals and clinics to estimate the total expenditure. Results : The resource-based relative value scale scores of physical therapies were measured from 23.44 to 160.66. Total insurer's expenditure was calculated to be 95.5 billion won as of 2009. Conclusions : Based on the result that showed minor increase of total expenditure, most physical therapies of Korean medicine need to be reimbursed in the National Health Insurance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-54
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• 2003

Recent domestic findings indicate steep increase of geriatric diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure among children and adolescents. It is, therefore, necessary to establish a new system for constitution inspection that reflects domestic adolescents' health conditions by the introduction of feasible items and systematic methods in the inspect ion. The objective of this study is to grasp the problems and to present proper ways of improving the system. As the method of the research during the period from September 2001 to March 2002 we refer to the domestic and foreign literature, and ask the advice of the specialists in pediatrics, family medicine, endocrine, cardiology. As on-site research we us e survey of nationwide elementary, middle, and high schools, visit representative local schools and have an interview with school nurses. Through the interview we try to find practical problems of school heath care and find proper method of students physic al examination. The abstract of the problems of student examination system is as following. To the question about the extent of the result of physical examination 46. 46.4%(school doctor) and 42.6%(parents and students) of the respondents answered "don't know". It means neglectfulness about examination itself. 62% of the school nurses responded "unsatisfactory" people who take charge of practical affairs have complaint about pre sent examination method. Because of the short time of the examination, and numerous students, the examination was incomplete. Several questions, method of physical examination, content of physical examination and list of physical examination, were raised. Reform measures for physical examination system of students were presented by physician, school nurses, students and parents of student.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.121-128
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• 2020

PURPOSE: This study examined the changes in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the abductor hallucis muscle during various ankle positions while performing toespread-out (TSO) exercise. METHODS: Thirty subjects with an average age of 22.1 years were recruited for this study. All subjects were firstly measured for the angle of their first metatarsophalangeal joint using a goniometer. Those with angles greater than 15° were allocated to the HV group. The remaining subjects were placed in the normal group. The CSA of the abductor hallucis was measured by ultrasound in the resting position with no movement and three ankle positions: neutral (0°), plantarflexion (30°), and dorsiflexion (30°). All data were analyzed using a two-way mixed analysis of variance between the groups (normal and HV group) and within the groups (resting, neutral, plantarflexion, and dorsiflexion) to determine the group x position interaction effects. RESULTS: During TSO exercise in the normal group, the CSA of the abductor hallucis was significantly greater in both the plantarflexion and neutral positions compared to the resting position (p_adj < .01), and plantarflexion was significantly greater than the dorsiflexion position (p_adj < .01). During the TSO exercise in the HV group, the CSA of the abductor hallucis for plantarflexion was significantly greater than it was for the resting, neutral, and dorsiflexion positions (p_adj < .01). CONCLUSION: Based on the above results, the TSO exercise in plantarflexion is an effective rehabilitation exercise for subjects with HV.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.68-77
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to explore home visiting therapists' self-perceived role, problems, and supplement points of the home-based rehabilitation (HR) program based on the community-based rehabilitation (CBR) model. Methods: Four home visiting physical therapists, who conducted the HR program, participated in this study. After completion of the HR program, in-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire for participants to explore their self-perceived role, problems, and supplement points of the HR program. Results: Participants regarded the role of the HR program as for "the linkage between recipient & society", "maintenance & improvement of recipients' physical function", and "education of recipient about the way of self rehabilitation". The problems and supplement points were derived from all phases of the HR program, including "human & material resources", "training program for human resources for HR service", "selection of recipient of HR service", "contents of the intervention for HR service", and "duration of HR service". Conclusion: These findings indicate that participants well recognized the intention of the HR program based on the CBR model, and suggest that high-quality human resources with rich expertise and experiences, a training program for HR service led by experts, and selection of recipients led by experts are necessary for an effective HR program. In addition, strategies and capacities specified to HR service should be identified, and applied to the training program for human resources for HR service. The results of this study could provide useful information when the government decides on the next guideline for home visiting health service.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.49-56
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematic characteristics and muscle activities during the following two conditions: transition from half-kneel to standing on the affected leg and non-affected leg. Methods: Twenty-one hemiplegic patients participated in the study. A motion analysis system was used to record the range of motion and angle velocity of the hip, knee and ankle from the half-kneel to the standing position. Electromyography was used to record the activity of 4 muscles. Results: The statistical analysis showed that the minimum ROM of the hip joint was less on the affected leg during transition from half-kneel to standing. However, the minimum ROM of the knee and ankle joints was less on the non-affected leg during transition from half-kneel to standing. The angle velocity of the knee and ankle joints was less during transition from half kneeling to standing on the non-affected leg. Muscle activity of the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior was less while moving from half-kneel to the standing position on the affected leg. Conclusion: These results show that greater active ROM of the knee and ankle was required on the affected leg for transition from half-kneel to the standing position than for normal gait. Muscle activity of the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior is normally required for movement from the half-kneel to the standing position during normal gait. Further studies are needed to investigate the antigravity movement in healthy subjects and hemiplegic patients in order to completely understand the normal and abnormal movement from the half-kneel to the standing position.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.90-97
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of virtual reality-based continuous slow exercise on muscle strength and dynamic balance capacity, in older adults over 65 years of age. Methods: Twenty-six volunteers were randomly divided into two groups; a Virtual Reality (VR) exercise-group ($67.8{\pm}4.1$ yrs) and a Control group ($65.5{\pm}5.2$ yrs). The VR group participated in eight weeks of virtual reality exercise, utilizing modified Tai-Chi provided by a motion capture system, and the Control group had no intervention. The hip muscle strength and dynamic balance of the members of both the VR group and the Control group were measured at pre- and post-intervention, using a multimodal dynamometer, and backward stepping test, respectively. Results: 1. After the 8-week VR-based exercise, the VR group showed significant improvement of hip strength, compared to the control group: hip extension (p=0.00), flexion (p=0.00), abduction (p=0.00), and adduction (p=0.00). 2. After the 8-week VR-based exercise, the VR group showed significant improvement of dynamic balance capacity as ground reaction force, compared to the control group. Eyes opened backward stepping test: Fx (+) (p=0.00), Fy (-) (p=0.02), Ver (+) (p=0.02) direction. Eyes closed backward stepping test: Fx (+) (p=0.04), Fy (-) (p=0.04), Ver (+) (p=0.03) direction. Conclusion: The VR group showed improvement of their hip muscle strength, and dynamic balance capacity. Therefore VR-based continuous slow exercise would contribute to reducing the risk of falls in the elderly.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.247-258
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate weight control status and associated factors among health-related major female college students. The subjects consisted of 41 nutrition and 78 physical exercise major female college students. Nutrient intakes, biochemical index, nutrition knowledge (recognition and accuracy), interest of weight control, body satisfaction, self-recognition of health condition, self-evaluated body weight were studied. About 73% of nutrition and 79% of physical exercise major female students were in the normal range of BMI ($18.5{\sim}23$) and 2% of nutrition and 1% of physical exercise major female students were underweight, 10% of nutrition and 6% of physical exercise major female students were obese. There were no significant differences in height and weight by major but %body fat and WHR in physical exercise majors were significantly lower than nutrition major students (respectively p<0.01, p<0.05). Overall, nutrition intakes of subjects were not shown to be appropriate, especially Ca/P of subjects was shown $0.54{\sim}0.64$, fat% out of energy of subjects was shown $24.7{\sim}29.0$ and Na intake was shown above 2000mg. Recognition and accuracy of nutrition were higher than those of physical exercise majors (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in self-recognition of health condition, self-evaluated body weight, satisfaction of body shape by major and weight control attempt. But interest of weight control of attempter was higher than that of no-attempter in nutrition (p<0.05) and physical exercise major students (p<0.01). Significantly negative correlation was found in satisfaction of body and BMI, body fat mass, %bodyfat, WHR. And significantly positive correlation was found in interest of weight control and BMI, %bodyfat, WHR. It was noticeable to see that interest of weight control was positively correlated to accuracy and accuracy was negatively correlated to blood cholesterol level. Therefore, proper nutrition education for female college students is needed in order to improve their weight control-related health.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.32-37
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• 2019

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of blood pressure and autonomic neural system through one-time bamboo stepping in hypertensive elderly people. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods: We recruited 26 elderly people aged 65 or older for study. They sat for 10 minutes in a chair, rested, and measured pre-exercise blood pressure and autonomic neural system. The blood pressure was measured three times and the mean value was used and the autonomic neural system was measured once. Bamboo stepping exercise was performed for 20 minutes. Blood pressure and autonomic neural system were measured 5 times immediately after exercise, and every 15 minutes at 60 minutes after bamboo stepping exercise. Results: There was a significant difference in the decrease of systolic blood pressure after one-time bamboo stepping exercise, the change of parasympathetic activity (HF), heart rate variability (HRV) and BPM measured immediately after exercise at 15 minutes after exercise, There was no significant difference in autonomic neural system change. Conclusion: One-time Bamboo stepping exercise is effective in decreasing systolic blood pressure of the hypertensive elderly.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.266-272
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• 2019

Purpose: This study compared the effects of Static stretching and Mulligan's Two-leg rotation about the Hamstring flexibility, Hip range of motion, and pain. Methods: The subjects were allocated randomly into two groups: Static stretching group (n=13) and Mulligan's two leg rotation group (n=14). The study was designed with stretching protocols for four minutes and thirty seconds per day five times a week for three weeks in total. Measurements, including the Sit and reach test, Active/Passive Straight leg raise, and Visual analogue scale, were conducted before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using a paired t-test and independent t-test. Results: The flexibility of the two leg rotation group was higher than the static stretching group after the intervention. The post-sit and reach test value of the two leg rotation group was significantly higher than the pre-sit and reach test value of the static stretching group. In addition, the variance of the sit and reach test of the two leg rotation group was significantly higher than that of the static stretching group. Conclusion: These results showed that two leg rotation techniques have a positive effect on the changes in the sit and reach test and active straight leg raise test. Two leg rotation techniques can be recommended as a self-stretching and easier way to stabilize the lumbopelvic rhythm, reduce the stiffness of the muscle and relieve pain. This is effective in preventing muscle damage, enabling muscle relaxation and reducing the risk of injury to the spine during daily lives and in sports activities.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 2014

Objective: The use of chemicals for building prosthetic sockets present the possibility of being hazardous and unsafe due to off-gassing. The purpose of the present study was to investigate if freshly made materials used in prosthetic sockets causes off-gassing that would penetrate the skin and cause damage to the kidneys or blood. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: In this research, the off-gassing effects during the initial curing process of styrene monomer, vinyl ester resin, epoxy methacrylate resin, benzene-1, 3-dimethaneamine, trimethylhexanedlamine, and paratertiarybutylphenol were analyzed. Acid detection strips were placed inside newly fabricated mock-prosthetic sockets and left overnight in a closed environment to find out if acid was present in the invisible fumes. The plastic was worn by 9 subjects and urinalysis was made after 48 hours to test for any kidney or blood toxicity of the resins. Results: After wearing the plastic cuff for 48 hours, the ratio of protein to creatinine in the urine was raised to an abnormal level in five out of nine subjects. Four out of the nine subjects showed normal protein to creatinine ratios after wearing the device. The results showed that damage to the kidney occurred from wearing the resins after curing in half of the subjects. Conclusions: It is very important to conduct patient intakes which includes the assessment of renal function. Off-gassing in vented chambers may be needed to protect both prosthetists and patients.