• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.453-466
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the general characteristics of dental technicians and their health behaviors and to analyze the related factors of their work stress and physical symptoms. Methods: The survey used structured self administered questionnaires for a survey targeting 741 members registered of the Dental Technician Association in Daegu Metropolitan City from September to October, 2009. Total of 518 replies and analyzed 490 questionnaire excluding 28 incomplete questionnaires. Results: The work stresses were higher in those who answered that they were under 30-years old, unmarried, lower in rank, or had longer work hours, lower monthly incomes or poor self-perceived health status. In addition, those who worked in a dental laboratory with poor work environment including insufficient ventilation, sand blaster with no powder collecting functions, etc., tended to experience higher work stress than others due to their work conditions. The total average of the respondents of the survey who answered that they suffered from some physical symptoms was 14.7 points. It was found that the factors affecting the score of physical symptoms include occupational features such as work hours, monthly income, etc., and physical work environment such as the presence or absence of ventilator, of dust-collectors within sand blaster, etc., and work stress, exerted significant influence. Conclusion: The outcomes of this study indicates that to lessen work stress and to ultimately alleviate physical symptoms, it is necessary to do the following: improve work environment of young unmarried women; adjust their daily working hours; ameliorate physical work environment. To improve overall physical symptoms, it is importance to establish a safe and healthy working environment.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.63-68
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• 2015

In rapid aging society, the disease prevention and management for healthy life of the elderly is very important. Regular physical activity is known to be a useful intervention for the physical and mental health of the elderly. In this study, we explore the convergence contents using IT technology as the intervention for encouraging the regular physical activity in the elderly. There are u-Healthcare and serious game as the convergence of health care and IT technology, and the serious game which is added special purpose such as education, training, and treatment to the fun-one of the game element- can be suitable to provide a variety of contents that leads to physical activity in the elderly. The contents inducing physical activities are "Puffer(ATARI, USA)", "WiiFit(Nintendo, JAPAN)", "Age Invaders(MXR Lab, SINGAPORE)", "Xbox $360^{\circ}$+kinect(Microsoft, USA)", "Tangible bicycle game(Donsin Univ., KOREA)", and "3D Gateball game(Soongsil Univ., KOREA)", and these contents can help health care of the elderly. By increasing physical activity through the use of these contents, it will be able to promote physical fitness and body function required in daily life, disease prevention, and maintain health in the elderly.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes of abdominal muscles thickness according to the angle during the active straight leg raise (ASLR) in young healthy subjects. Design: Cross sectional study. Methods: Twenty-three healthy university students (13 men and 10 women) voluntary participated to the study in S University. The ASLR was performed with the subject lying supine with lower extremities straight on a standard plinth, hands resting on the chest, and elbows on the plinth. When one subject performed ASLR from each angles ($30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$), compared changes in the thickness of rectus abdominis muscle. Changes in muscle thickness during ASLR test were assessed with ultrasonography. All subjects were to provide enough time of rest after performed ASLR. Rectus abdominis thickness were measured using rehabilitative ultrasound image. Results: Good quality rectus abdominal muscle activation data were recorded during ASLR. The length changes of linea alba showed significantly shorter in between $0^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$ (p<0.05). The thickness of rectus abdominis muscle were significantly different between $0^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$. According to increase of pelvic angle, the thickness of rectus abdominis muscle were more thickening (p<0.05). Conclusions: This result is changes of abdominal muscles thickness according to the angle during the ASLR.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study is to show the effectiveness of performing squat exercises at various angles to show the maximum muscle activity of the Vastus Medialis Oblique (VMO) and Biceps femoris (BF). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of seventeen healthy young adults (8 males and 9 females) voluntarily participated in the study. All subjects randomly performed three different squat variations as follows: A squat performed with the ankle joint at $0^{\circ}$ of incline, a squat performed with the ankle joint at $5^{\circ}$ of incline, and a squat performed with the ankle joint at $10^{\circ}$ incline. Muscle activity was measured using surface electromyography. Electrodes were placed on the VMO and BF to measure the muscle activity on the various ankle angles for comparison analysis. Results: There was a significant increase in bilateral VMO muscle activation at $10^{\circ}$ of incline compared to $0^{\circ}$ and $5^{\circ}$ (p<0.05). Greater increases in muscle activation and exercise effect was observed with increasing incline angles of the board. Changes in bilateral BF muscle activity were found; however, none were found to be significant. Conclusions: Bilateral VMO activity was found to be significant when the squats were performed at an ankle angle of $10^{\circ}$ of incline when compared to at an ankle angle of $0^{\circ}$ and $5^{\circ}$ of incline. Squats performed on an incline can be recommended as an effective method to facilitate lower extremity muscle activities.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.269-274
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• 2020

Objective: There are many cases of applying various taping methods to prevent muscle damage and to assist with movement. The purpose of this study was to investigate and to compare the effects of dynamic taping on joint position sense and to find out the difference in error values during various degrees of shoulder flexion. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 20 subjects participated in this study with a randomized cross-over design. The order of taping was adjusted by randomly proceeding with dynamic taping, sham taping, and no taping. After the taping, the proprioception of the shoulder joint was evaluated. The evaluation of proprioceptive sensation was performed by evaluating joint position sensation. The sequence was adjusted by randomly performing joint position tests at each shoulder flexion of 50, 90, and 110 degrees. All angles were repeated 3 times. Results: There was a significant difference between dynamic taping and no taping in 50 degrees of shoulder flexion. There was a significant difference between sham taping and no taping in 90 degrees of shoulder flexion (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in 110 degrees of shoulder flexion. Conclusions: In this study, it was confirmed that dynamic taping is effective in improving the joint position sense in 50 degrees of shoulder flexion. In the future, it is expected that further studies will be conducted on patients with shoulder dysfunction with decreased proprioception.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.527-530
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• 2019

The increasing prevalence of inactivity and obesity, along with aging, has implications on work capacity of labor force. This study reports the relationships between activity level and BMI by age with objectively measured physical workload. Data were examined from a sample of 19 481 Finnish employees using an estimate of minute-to-minute oxygen consumption based on R-R interval recordings. The mean estimated %VO₂max during the working day was 12.1 (±3.6) and 15.1 (±4.5)% for men and women, respectively. Based on a linear model, the mean %VO₂max increased by 1.5%-unit per 10-year increase in age, by 2.1%-unit per 5 kg/㎡ increase in BMI, and decreased by 1.6%-unit if improving physical activity class by two (p < 0.001 for all). Overweight and obesity, together with inactivity, notably increases workload throughout the career, even though at young adulthood, the daily workload is almost the same for each person regardless of the BMI, activity level, or gender. This study highlights the importance of regular physical activity and normal weight in protecting the worker from excessive physical (cardiovascular) workload during the whole working career.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.93-108
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affected to physical functions, activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). The subjects for this study, 236 persons, 65 years and over, who were living at rural area in Chun-Cheon city. This survey was carried out from march 3rd to April 25th, 1998. The data was analysed by using SPSS PC+ program. The results were as follows. 1.The variables that were related to the conditions of physical functions were as follows; age, sex, educational level among the general characteristics; raising ways of money, monthly using money for life, states of pocket money, obtaining method of pocket money, state of weight, problems in mind, whether or not chronic illness among socio ㆍeconoㆍphysical conditions; the level of satisfactions in life, subjective condition of health among the subjective thinking ; controlling state in smoking and drinking of alcohol among the lifestyles for promoting health. But the variables for medical utilization were not related to the level of physical function. 2. The variables that were associated with the condition of ADLs were as follows; age among the general characteristics; monthly using money for life, working amount among the socioㆍeconoㆍphysical conditions; subjective conditions of health among the subjective thinking. But The variables for medical utilization, lifestyle for promoting health were irrelevant to the conditions of ADLs. 3. The variables that were related to the conditions of IADLs were as follows; age, educational level among the general characteristics; raising ways of money, monthly using money for life, resident type in the household, procurement method of pocket money, level of weight, problems in mind, wether or not chronic illness among socioㆍeconoㆍphysical condition; regularity of health checking among lifestyles for promoting health; kinds of utilizing medical agent among the variables about utilization patterns of medical agencies; subjective condition of health among the subjective thinking In this study, in the aged there were related factors of physical and life functions, were age, working amount, subjective condition of health.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.11-28
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• 2001

This study was to identify the levels of perceived stress, immunity cells, physical health and depression, and their relationships among those variables in the elderly who institutionalized comparing home residents. The result of this study can be used as basic data when applying nursing interventions to increase quality of life in the elderly. The questionnaires to estimate stress, health status and depression were collected through direct interview from July to August in 1999 and immunity cells were measured by venous blood specimen collected from 9 to 10 A.M. during the same period. The collected data were analysed using SAS program. The results were as follows. The score of perceived stress of all subjects was 38.49 and perceived stress score of institutionalized elderly(42.62) was significantly higher than that in home resident elderly(34.52). All immune cells tested in this study such as total T cell, helper T cell, suppressor T cell, T4/T8 ration, total B cell, and NK cell, were all under the standard criteria of cells distributions. Most elderly who institutionalized and reside home replied that their health status was not good. However their physical health activity was mostly good even though institutionalized elderly had more disability than home residents. The highest rate was 67.3% as disability due to arthritis. The score of depression in all subjects was 8.2 that indicated having depressive symptom. There was no difference in the depression level between institutionalized elderly and home resided elderly. There was a significant correlationship between physical health and depression, however, the rest of varibles did not show any significant relationships. In summary, the immune cells in the elderly who replied perceiving low level stress, was under normal range. Their health status was perceived as 'not good' but physical health activity was perceived as 'good'. The relationships of stress, immunity, physical health and depression were partially significant but not had evidence as enough as theoretically the suggested relationship. We suggest that further studies using large sample size and more diverse variables should be performed.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.242-253
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with physical activity in older adults living alone. Methods: This is cross-sectional, correlational study used secondary data from the 2019 Community Health Survey. The participants were 19,134 older adults aged 65 years or older and living alone. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the 𝜒² test, and linear regression with the SPSS/WIN 27.0 program. Results: The participants' average amount of physical activity was 1,359.32 MET-min/week; 50.7% were inactive, 38.6% were minimally active, and 10.7% were health-promoting active. Demographic factors that predicted physical activity were gender, age, education level and monthly income, whereas health behavior factors included subjective health status and high risk drinking (R²=.055, p<.001). Psychological factors were sleeping time, stress, depression and fear of falling, and social factors included social contact with neighbors or friends, and participation in social or leisure activites(R²=.070, p<.001). Conclusion: It is important to determine the level of physical activity in older adults living alone. Demographic characteristics, health behaviors, psychological factors, and social factors should be considered in the development of specific and integrated nursing interventions to increase physical activity in older adults.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was a qualitative research using focus group interviews to collect data on the health care providers' perceptions of physical function in older adults with arthroplasty from hip fracture. Methods: A total of 12 subjects participated in this study. In order to conduct focus group interviews, structured manuscript, field notes, visual recording, and debriefing notes were referred and thematic analysis was used in analysis phase. Results: The six themes were raised: 'burdensome client', 'health care providers' perception of functional decline in older adults after surgery', 'health care providers' perception of caregiver', 'medical environment perceived as affecting physical function', 'crucial components perceived as encouraging functional restoration', and 'difficulty of pain management' with 18 subthemes. Conclusion: Healthcare providers perceived functional decline of elderly after arthroplasty and identified points facilitating or disturbing physical function Moreover, various perspectives on pain management related to physical function were represented.