• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.23-38
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• 2006

The taxonomic list of specific features in external and internal shape and the pattern analysis of Aconitum carmichalei $D_{EBX}$ as the original plant of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata and Aconitum cliiare Dc as the original plant of Aconiti Ciliare Tuber are as follows. 1. Aconitum carmichalei $D_{EBX}$ has tri-palmately parted leaves, petiole in lower leaves, and its ovary has short hair. Whereas Aconitum cliare Dc has $3{\sim}4$ parted leaves, long petiole, and its ovary has not hair. 2. Aconitum carmichalei $D_{EBX}$ has cylinder shape is relatively small in length and diameter, is greyish brown blacky brown in outer surface, greyish $white{\sim}dark$ gray in section. 3. According to the collection place, there is a remarkable difference in the physical shape of herbal states. Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparate(medicated in Korea) is more transparent blacky brown color than Aconiti Lateralis Fadix Preparata(medicated in Chian). Also Black Aconi Radix(墨附片) has exodermis and White Aconi Radix(白附片) has not. 4. The internal characteristics entirely correspond to in internal shape described in the literatures, Only it is possible to discriminate between black Aconi Radix(墨附片) and White Aconi Radix(白附片) by the existence of cork layer. The classification between Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata and Aconiti Ciliare Tuber makes entirely Tuber makes entirely remarkable difference in the physical shape of cambium layer Namely, in shape of cambium layer the kinds of Aconiti lateralis Radix Prepala has horn-like shape and the kinds of Aconiti Ciliare Tuber has circle-like shape. 5. In the peak of examination substance in comparison to Rt of the index material diterpene alkaloid mesaconitine, aconitine, hypaconitine chromatogram Aconiti Ciliare Tuber is higher than in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata This explain that the component changes after the process of medicine. 6. In the Content of mesaconitine, aconitine and hypaconitime Aconiti Ciliare Tuber is higher than Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata. 7. In Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, aconitine, hypaconitine and mesaconitine each appears in Rf 0.46, 0.54, 0.32. But except Aconiti Ciliare Tuber the band does not appear. For the future, such results will be used as the basic source of additional research, and a far-reaching comparative study is needed to distinguish between many kinds of same genus-degree of relatedness.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2006

Objectives : This study has attempted to establish an organized system for the microbiological quality of raw materials which are important factors in preparing the standard for microbial limits. Methods : This study has first set up microbial contamination limit test. total aerobic microbial count and total fungi count, int accordance with testing method of the Korea Pharmacopeia 8th edition in order to establish an inspection standard for microbial contamination. Results : The microbial contamination of 18 items that are highly prone to contamination by three regions(Seoul, Daejeon, Gyeongsangbuk-do), As a result, Morus alba Linne and Rehmannia glutimosa Liboschitz var. purpurea Makino showed as high contaminated by WHO's Microbial Contamination Limit standard. In case of Yukjin medicine in the Theory of Herb Medicinal Properties, total bacterial contamination rate showed as 17.7%, total fungal contamination rate showed as 41.2% and total aerobic mircobial count and total fungi count on Ephedra sinica Stapf. Pinellia ternate Breitenbach, Evodia officinalis Dode showed as high measured. The microbial conatmination rate materials which make up Yukmijihwanghwan were mostly high therefore the total aerobic microbial count was measured as high in case of Yukmijihwanghwan, the characteristics about microbial contamination strain is to be researched. Conclusions : By combining the basic data and experimental results related to microbial contamination of herb medicine, the most ideal storage standards for herb medicine has been attempted to be presented.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2018

This study aims to study the flora and identify the naturalized plants of the 4 ancient palace (Gyeongbokgung, Changdeokgung, Changgyeonggung, Deoksugung) and Jongmyo Shrine, which are national cultural heritage and urban cultural centers in Seoul. The plants found consisted of 315 taxa in total, belonging to 82 families, 201 genera, 285 species, 1 subspecies and 29 varieties. The naturalized plants were shown as follows: in the Deoksugung Palace(33 taxa), the Jongmyo Shrine(14 taxa) and the Gyeongbok Palace(21 taxa) and the Changdeokgung Palace complex(11 taxa). The results of the analysis based on the place of origin showed a higher rate of distribution of species based in North America, Europe and Eurasia, with higher rates of grass than tree. In addition, except for Gyeongbokgung Palace, the annual rate is higher than the perennial rate. As a result of naturalization analysis, the percentage of naturalized plants corresponding to naturalization degree 3 and naturalization degree 5 was high. According to the moment of the invasion, the naturalized plants recently introduced were higher than the first species. In addition, it was found that the similarity between the sites was more than 40%, and the diversity of species of naturalized plants common to the five sites was very low. The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for cultural heritage landscaping and naturalized plant management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.46-53
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• 2018

The background of this study was to consider regenerative environmental characteristics and develop foundations for conceptual grounds and applications in embodying sustainable garden designs demanded in our age. In doing so, this study aimed to have a conceptual understanding of Clement's garden theory influenced by Robinson's naturalistic distinction and compared it with Robinson's wild garden, and the results are as follows: First, for Clement, garden design included an ecological process to settle in the target site as aesthetics of space being formed by the movement of plants. In this sense, making a 'garden in motion' implies to design possibilities to adapt to nature based on trust in it and allow plant seeds not to be planned but to naturally go and find appropriate habitats. Second, the views to wildness can be separated into microscopic and macroscopic views and each has its own expressive characteristics. Robinson's gardens are small and subordinate and play mollification functions for existing spaces. On the contrary, Clement's gardens are the subject of the space, represent macroscopic strategies, and have top-down approaches embodied as infrastructure to play central roles in the ecology. Third, Robinson's and Clement's views to the operation of garden spaces acknowledge the inseparable relationship between nature's autonomy and gardens' wildness and deliver a value that the preservation of nature is a prerequisite to coexistence with the life we desire. Their gardens are analogized by interventions of environmental possibilism and ecological standpoints mediated by plants based on the perspective of environmental determinism.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.18A no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2011

In the past, a patient went to the room where an ultrasound image diagnosis device was set, and then he or she was examined by a doctor. However, currently a doctor can go and examine the patient with a handheld ultrasound device who stays in a room. However, it was implemented with only fundamental functions, and can not meet the high performance required by the focusing algorithm of ultrasound beam which determines the quality of ultrasound image. In addition, low energy consumption was satisfied for the mobile ultrasound device. To satisfy these requirements, this paper proposes a high-performance and low-power single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) based multi-core processor that supports a representative beamforming algorithm out of several focusing methods of mobile ultrasound image signals. The proposed SIMD multi-core processor, which consists of 16 processing elements (PEs), satisfies the high-performance required by the beamforming algorithm by exploiting considerable data-level parallelism inherent in the echo image data of ultrasound. Experimental results showed that the proposed multi-core processor outperforms a commercial high-performance processor, TI DSP C6416, in terms of execution time (15.8 times better), energy efficiency (6.9 times better), and area efficiency (10 times better).

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.3262-3271
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• 2000

Continuous media objects, due to large volume and real-time consiraints in their delivery,are likely to consume much network andwidth Generally, proxy servers are used to hold the fiequently requested objects so as to reduce the network traffic to the central server but most of them are designed for text and image dae that they do not go well with continuous media data. So, in this paper, we propose a two-layered network cache management policy for continuous media object delivery on the wide area networks. With the proposed cache management scheme,in cach LAN, there exists one LAN cache and each LAN is further devided into a group of sub-LANs, each of which also has its own sub-LAN eache. Further, each object is also partitioned into two parts the front-end and rear-end partition. they can be loaded in the same cache or separately in different network caches according to their access frequencics. By doing so, cache replacement overhead could be educed as compared to the case of the full size daa allocation and replacement , this eventually reduces the backbone network traffic to the origin server.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.7 s.110
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• pp.889-896
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• 2006

ATM Forum has defined a guaranteed frame rate (GFR) service to serve Internet traffic efficiently. The GFR service provides virtual connections (VCs) for minimum cell rate (MCR) guarantees and allows them to fairly share the residual bandwidth. And ATM Forum has recommended a frame-based generic cell rate algorithm (F-GCRA) as a frame classifier, which determines whether an Am cell is eligible to use the guaranteed bandwidth in a frame level. An ATM switch accommodates cells in its buffer or drops them in a frame level according to current buffer occupancy. A FIFO shared buffer has so simple structure as to be feasibly implemented in switches, but has not been able to provide an MCR guarantee for each VC without buffer management based on per-VC accounting. In this paper, we enhance the F-GCRA frame classifier to guarantee an MCR of each VC without buffer management based on per-VC accounting. The enhanced frame classifier considers burstness of TCP traffic caused by congestion control algorithm so as to enable each VC to use its reserved bandwidth sufficiently. In addition, it is able to alleviate the unfairness problem in usage of the residual bandwidth. Simulation results show that the enhanced frame classifier satisfies quality of services (QoSs) of the GFR service for the TCP traffic.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.49-56
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• 2012

Background : The purpose of this study is to understand the effects of ankle joint taping on balancing abilities of the elderly and to provide preliminary data on preventing falls among the elderly. Methods : In this study, 20 students(8 male, 12 female) in their 20s from D University as well as 14 elderly(4 male, 10 female) in their 70s from S community center have participated. The participants were well informed about the experiment and voluntarily participated. We measured the difference in balancing ability before and after taping between the two groups using methods such as standing on single-leg stance, TUG, and plantar pressure. Kinesio taping, a stop-watch, and the EMED-system were used as equipment along with the SPSS 12.0 program, with a significance level of 0.05, to test the difference before and after taping between the two groups. Result : First, the 70s group showed a significant increase in the dorsal flexion angle after taping. Second, the 70s group showed a significant increase in duration time of standing on one foot after taping. Third, the 70s group's TUG time was significantly shorter. Fourth, the maximum peak value for static and dynamic plantar pressure showed a significant decrease after taping; and dynamic plantar pressure area value decreased as well within significant range. Conclusion : The study has shown that taping is effective on static dynamic balancing ability of the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the effect of balance and gait when simultaneous application of Kinesio Taping on the lower extremities is done to improve the pattern of hemiplegic patients asymmetric lower extremity. Methods: This study was performed with 7 patients who have hemiplegia symptoms due to stoke. The taping on the paralyzed side was done on tibialis anterior, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus and psoas major and the taping on the unparalyzed side was done on the calf muscle and quadriceps. Berg Balance Scale(BBS) and Time Up and Go Test(TUG) was used to assessment the balance and gait of the patient after the kinesio taping was done on the lower extremities. The results of the test was analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test on SPSS(Ver. 10.1). Results: When the taping was done on the paralyzed side, there was a significant improvement of balance and gait in BBS and TUG. When the taping was done on the lower extremities, it showed significant improvement of balance and gait, compared to when the taping was only done on the paralyzed side, according to BBS and TUG. Conclusion: The result of this study shows that the simultaneous taping of the lower extremities of the hemiplegic patients improves balance and gait by improving the pattern of patients lower extremities.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

This research concerns with the urbanization in Pusan City, the largest port city of Korea focus on the changes of traffic volume from 1970 to 1994. These results are as follow: (1) Urbanization of Pusan City has progressed with increasing the efficiencies of streets. At the first, it's ribbon developed along the main artery toward inland. Urbanization is the process of bear a resemblance to characteristics of CBD. It has both expansion and diffusion processed, simultaneously. Urbanization has progressed centered certain nuclei and developed with more varieties are ally and temporally. (2) Traffic volumes according to times which go and return to piers affected to the traffic pattern of the some parts within the city, it is one of characteristics in port city. Variation of traffic volumes according to times much greater at the nearer streets the piers and connected street with it than the rest of the areas within the city. Rivers and mountains affecting to the traffic pattern and play roles of diffusion barriers for urbanization. (3) In the mid-1980, regions which locate along the main arteries had reached to as same level of urbanization as central part of the city. And higher ranked central places within Pusan City developed toward pattern of CBD in the past. It suggests that these central places revoluted to the recreation of CBD function in the past. (4) Urbanization has developed as same as cell differentiation in process, and it encouraged the more greater variation among the regions and become clear the hierarchy of central places within the city.