• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.107-115
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• 2008

Herbs and plants widely used for the ecological restoration were selected for germination rate analysis under treatment of microorganisms to determine ideal treatment conditions and medium for enhanced germination rate. Albizzia julibrissin, when submerged in a nutrient medium or distilled water, presented a decrease in germination period rather than increase in germination rate. When treated with microorganism culture solution (JM-2) for 24 hours, 90% germination was achieved in two days, which is sufficient evidence to conclude that such treatment accelerates the germination of Albizzia julibrissin. Germination period decreased for Lespedeza cyrtobotrya samples submerged in microorganism solution for 15 and 48 hours, however, increases in germination rates were not observed. Sample treated in the solution for 24 hours had increased germination rate and enhanced germination period. Microorganism solution treatment had a negative effect on germination for Lespedeza cuneata, unlike Lespedeza cyrtobotrya and Albizzia julibrissin. Microorganism treated seeds of Lepsedeza cuneata had a lower germination rate than that of the control with no treatment. However, submerging treatments in a nutrient medium or distilled water for 24 to 48 hours were proven effective with higher germination rates than control sample with no treatment. Herbs and plants widely used for the ecological restoration were selected for germination rate analysis under treatment of microorganisms to determine ideal treatment conditions and medium for enhanced germination rate. Albizzia julibrissin, when submerged in a nutrient medium or distilled water, presented a decrease in germination period rather than increase in germination rate. When treated with microorganism culture solution (JM-2) for 24 hours, 90% germination was achieved in two days, which is sufficient evidence to conclude that such treatment accelerates the germination of Albizzia julibrissin. Germination period decreased for Lespedeza cyrtobotrya samples submerged in microorganism solution for 15 and 48 hours, however, increases in germination rates were not observed. Sample treated in the solution for 24 hours had increased germination rate and enhanced germination period. Microorganism solution treatment had a negative effect on germination for Lespedeza cuneata, unlike Lespedeza cyrtobotrya and Albizzia julibrissin. Microorganism treated seeds of Lepsedeza cuneata had a lower germination rate than that of the control with no treatment. However, submerging treatments in a nutrient medium or distilled water for 24 to 48 hours were proven effective with higher germination rates than control sample with no treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.42-51
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• 2010

Herbs and shrubs are employed for environmental restoration purposes. Among common herbs and shrubs, few species with low germination rates were selected and studied for enhanced germination rates and decreased germination times via soaking treatment. Rhus chinensis, incubator grown samples treated with the bacterial solution for 72hrs followed by immediate seeding showed the highest germination rate of 26.7% and germination period of 5.7 days, 3 days decrease from the control. Treatment of distilled water (t=3.79, p<0.01), nutrient broth (t=4.44, p<0.00) and bacterial solution (t=4.42, p<0.00) showed highly significant difference. In the case of soil tests, treating in the nutrient broth for 72 hrs followed by immediate seeding yielded the the highest germination rate of 23.3% with 7.3 days to initial germination, a decrease of 14.7 days with respect to the control. All the samples followed by immediate seeding showed significant difference (t=2.13, p<0.05). Incubator grown samples of Lespedeza cyrtobotrya showed different results. The incubator samples suspended for 48 hrs in distilled water followed by immediate seeding and 1 day drying displayed the highest germination rate of 96.7%, surpassing that of the control by 33.4%. The incubator samples treated with the distilled water and nutrient broth showed enhanced germination. But only the samples treated with distilled water and nutrient broth for 48hrs showed the increased germination in soil tests. All the sample treated for 24 hrs followed by immediate seeding or dried for 1 day showed initial germination as early as 1 day in incubator. The initial germinations were shortened in the samples treated with distilled water and nutrient broth for 48hrs in soil tests. Lespedeza cuneata incubator sample treated with nutrient broth for 24 hrs and dried for 1 day exhibited the highest germination rate of 83.3%, a 31.1% improvement over the control. The incubator samples treated with distilled water for 48 hrs (t=4.20, p<0.01) showed effective increase of germination. The treatment of distilled water (t=2.96, p<0.05) and bacterial solution (t=2.24, p<0.05) showed significant difference. The germination rates in soil were less than those of incubator and the control. The incubator samples treated with distilled water and bacterial solution displayed 1 day germination period, shortened by 1.3 days compared to the control. For soil grown samples, the samples treated with distilled water showed delayed initial germination and those treated with nutrient broth for 48hrs and bacterial solution for 72hrs shortened initial germination.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.99-114
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• 2018

Saekdong is a unique Korean fabric that has been used since ancient times, and it is woven with the plain or satin weave so that vertical stripes appear by various colored warp threads of equal spacing. Saekdong means pleasure, joy, serenity, heavenly blessing, spirituality, wind, and abundance, expressing the optimistic and positive sentiment of Korea's forefathers. This study investigated how ancient Saekdong occurred with meanings. As a research method, this study used literature review and surfing newspapers and photographs, museum and internet search, even from other fields such as earthenware, bronze, and traditional dance. We collected Saekdong and the lifestyles of ethnic Koreans living in China, investigated the Asuka culture of Japan, and the tomb murals of Takamatsu-Chong, which are Baekje and Goguryeo settlement areas. The results are as follows: First, it expresses happy occasion, pleasure, and joy, and expresses a desire for good things to be repeated and lasting. Second, it symbolizes simple beauty, order, equality and harmony of many tribes. Third, Saekdong is life and power which represent a sacred, heavenly, mysterious bird. Fourth, it symbolizes abundance and wealth, rain, wind or fields. Finally, this study showed the brilliance and pride of Korean hanbok through Saekdong. The significance of this study is to examine the symbolism and inherent aesthetic characteristics of Saekdong and to show the unique value and spiritual heritage of the Korean people.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.261-264
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• 2004

New orchardgrass(Dactylis glomerata L.) variety named as 'Kordi' was developed by the National Livestock Research Institute(NLRI) in 2003. Five superior clones on selected to develope the new variety of orchardgrass, and polycrossed for synthetic seed production. Synthetic seeds were examined on the agronomic growth characteristics and forage production at Suwon from 1995 to 1998, and regional trials were conducted in Suwon, Pyungchang and Jeju from 2001 to 2003 and Icsan in 2003, respectively. 'Kordi' showed semi-erect growth habit in fall and spring, and long type in length of flag leaf and short in upper internode. Plant height of 'Kordi' was little short compared to that of standard variety, Ambassador, and heading date was delayed about 3 days as 14th May compared to Ambassador. Characters such as winter hardiness. lodging tolerance, regrowth, disease resistance of 'Kordi' were stronger or better than those of Ambassador. 'Kordi' showed $10\%$ higher dry matter yield as 15,174 kg/ha compared to Ambassador. Nutritive value was appeared to be similar in both varieties.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2015

Currently there are wide variety of web services and applications available for users. Such services restrict access to only authorized users, and therefore its users often need to go through the inconvenience of getting an authentication from each service every time. To resolve of such inconvenience, a third party application with OAuth(Open Authorization) protocol that can provide restricted access to different web services has appeared. OAuth protocol provides applicable and flexible services to its users, but is exposed to reply attack, phishing attack, impersonation attack. Therefore we propose method that after authentication Access Token can be issued by using the E-mail authentication. In proposed method, regular user authentication success rate is high when value is 5 minutes. However, in the case of the attacker, the probability which can be gotten certificated is not more than the user contrast 0.3% within 5 minutes.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.37-47
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• 2013

PURPOSE : Club dance is one of the most popular cultures worldwide and is getting popular in Korea over time. However, club still has negative awareness in the country due to the media spreading only harmful aspects of club culture. At any rate, nowadays many young aged people can easily have chances to experience clubs so we tried to find out the bad effects caused by clubs. METHOD : We conducted a survey and the number of participants who agreed to participate in this survey was 500, including both men and women. There are a total of 50 questions in the questionnaire form used by this study and the questions were divided into three categories: general(18), psychologic-related(7), social-cultural(9), and physical-related(16) questions. Data collected for this study was analyzed via frequency analysis using SPSS. RESULT : In our survey, most students who had already experienced the club culture tend to go to club once or twice a month, and they answered that they would feel bored if they were nor able to do so. In terms of social life, most respondents said that they had lower efficiency in working and studying the next day after going to clubs because of fatigue. In physical aspect, club users use then pelvis and lower back a lot while dancing. The respondents answered that they experienced muscle soreness, a loss in weight, and changes in their body as a consequence of intense dancing. They complaint pain mostly in lower limbs, so we could find out the fact that legs were primarily used for the club dance. CONCLUSION : To sum up, the club culture in undergraduate students affects on their daily living and body, and also has good effects as well as bad ones. Therefore, we need to look at the club culture positively and to improve bad effects of club culture.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.660-666
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• 2008

This study was designed to compare the thermal oxidative stability of lard, soy bean oil, and hot pepper seed oil for 0-3 d at $100^{\circ}C$, and to evaluate the effect of capsaicin on thermal oxidative stability in lard and soy bean oil. As result, thermal oxidation stability was shown in the order hot pepper seed oil>soy bean oil>lard for 0-3 d at $100^{\circ}C$. In blended oils, hot pepper seed oil effectively inhibited lipid oxidation when mixed with lard than soy bean oil by showing the ratio of 30% pepper seed oil plus 70% lard and 60% pepper seed oil plus 40% soy bean oil inhibited lipid oxidation during storage periods. And to investigate the antioxidative effect of antioxidants such as capsaicin and alpha-tocopherol in hot pepper seed oil, 1,200 and 2,400 ppm capsaicin, or 0.3% alpha-tocopherol were added in soy bean oil and lard and stroed for 0-3 d at $100^{\circ}C$. Capsaicin inhibited lipid oxidation in lard but not in soy bean oil, however alpha-tocopherol exhibited a prooxidaton effect in soybean oil. Therefore, it suggests that the application of hot pepper seed oil or capsaicin in lard may be better for thermal oxidative stability.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.463-472
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• 2012

For last decade, the amount of information has been increased rapidly because of the internet and computing technology development, mobile devices and sensors, and social networks like facebook or twitter. People who want to gain important knowledge from database have been frustrated with large database. Many studies for automatic knowledge extracting meaningful knowledge from large database have been fulfilled. In that sense, automatic knowledge extracting with computing technology has been highly significant in information technology field, but still has many challenges to go further. In order to improve the effectives and efficiency of knowledge extracting system, test collection is strongly necessary. In this research, we introduce a test collection for automatic knwoledge extracting. We name the test collection KEEC/KREC(KISTI Entity Extraction Collection/KISTI Relation Extraction Collection) and present the process and guideline for building as well as the features of. The main feature is to tag by experts to guarantee the quality of collection. The experts read documents and tag entities and relation between entities with a tool for tagging. KEEC/KREC is being used for a research to evaluate system performance and will continue to contribute to next researches.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.295-301
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• 2016

This research is purposed to find the effects of casual sex for college students in order to understand the sexual culture of college students and to provide basic information to counsel the sexual education to college students. The participants of this research were 868 college students and the data were analyzed using the IBM/SPSS 20.0 program. As a result, the passion of college student affected the casual sex very positively. As the rate of responsibility increases, it affects negatively attitude and behavior of casual sex. To go further, the rates of passion influences positively the attitude and behavior of casual sex. For this kind of results, as the casual sex of college student in South Korea is behaved in the dating relationship different to America and the dating is very common in South Korea, it is also showing the criticalness and neediness of the sexual educations about the responsibility of sexual behaviors. Among the college students, the casual sex and casual relationships are already behaved through them. However, the researches of the casual sex is difficult to be found in South Korea. In now days, the casual sex is representing the sexuality of young adults in this united ages. Therefore, the following researches will be well applied to provide the basic informations for sexual counsels and sexual educations.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.141-153
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• 2015

This paper is an attempt to analyze the comparative advantage of Busan Port to China. For this, we use the market comparative advantage index, which is a version of the revealed comparative advantage index. The market comparative advantage index (MCA) uses trade patterns to identify the sectors in which a region has a comparative advantage, in this case by comparing Busan Port's trade profile with the world average (China). The indices are calculated at the commodity level of the HS four-digit classification. The export data used in this study are obtained from the Korea International Trade Association. Exports to China accounted for almost one third of Korean exports in 2014. There are, however, structural differences among the main export items of Busan Port. This paper, therefore, employs MCA indices to reveal the behaviors of the ten main export items, which are "HS3920-other plates/sheets/film/foil of plastics," "HS7606-aluminum plates/sheets/strip," "HS8479-unspecified machines/medical appliances," "HS8486-machines for semiconductor devices or wafers," "HS8529-parts for transmission apparatus for television," "HS8703-motor vehicles for the transport of persons," "HS8708-parts of motor vehicles," "HS9001-optical fibers," and "HS9013-liquid crystal devices." The study shows that export competitiveness of nine items increases, the exception being HS8703. However, China's import ratios of seven of the nine items for which the MCA indices go up are on the decrease, which means that it would be hard to expand the export market for these seven items, despite the higher MCA indices. Since the shares of the port's total exports to China of HS3907, HS8486, HS8529, HS9001, and HS9013 in total exports to China increase together with China's import ratio decreasing, these items may have promising export markets. MCA increases of HS7606 and HS8479 are attributable to China's lower import ratio, rather than a higher export share, so higher MCA indices do not guarantee higher export competitiveness for these items.