• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.282-286
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• 2010

The present studies were carried out for three years from 2007 until 2009 to control nematode and to increase yield of cucumber by crashed-rape seed application at polyethylene film house. Crashed-rape seed has a lot of glucosinolate. Myrosinase decompose gulcosinolate into isothiocyanate and thiocyanate when crashedrape seed go to decay at soil. Those chemical compounds act on poison to nematode at soil. When the crashedrape seed treated at soil, an amount of thiocyanate at soil was risen up. Thiocyanate of plot treated with 200 and 400 kg crashed-rape seed per 10a was 30 and 40 mg/kg, respectively. Nematode(meloidogyne spp) population at soil was 13 to 17 nematodes per dried soil 300g. Yield of cucumber increased 6 to 15 percent to be compared with control. While, Nematode(meloidogyne spp) population of control plot were 463 nematodes per dried soil 300 g. This level was much higher than 150 nematodes which can be brought about injury to plant. Even if the more an amount of crashed-rape seed application, the higher yield of cucumber and control effect of nematode. Consider economical efficiency, 200 kg of crashed-rape seed per 10a was the most effective. Therefore, we suggest applying 200 kg of crashed-rape seed per 10a to control soil nematode when culture cucumber at plastic film house.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.412-419
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• 2006

An Experimental study was conducted on $CO_{2}$ recycle combustion heating system using pure oxygen instead of conventional air as an oxidant, which is thereby producing a flue gas of mostly $CO_{2}$ and water vapor($H_{2}O$ and water vapor($H_{2}O$) and resulting in higher $CO_{2}$ concentration. The advantages of the system are not only the ability to control high temperatures characteristic of oxygen combustion with recycling $CO_{2}$ but also the possibility to reduce NOx emission in the flue gas. A small scale industrial reheating furnace simulator and specially designed variable flame burner were used to characterize the $CO_{2}$ recycle oxy-fuel combustion, such as the variations of furnace pressure, temperature and composition in the flue gas during recycle. It was found that $CO_{2}$ concentration in the flue gas was about 80% without $CO_{2}$recycle. The furnace temperature and pressure and pressure were decreased due to recycle and the NOx emission was also reduced to maintain under 100ppm.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.38-44
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• 2008

Recently, planning road construction in South Korea is focused on upgrading of the existing road by rerouting or restructuring. For this, roads under current construction in Korea go for more straight in its alignments and routing. Straight routing makes it all the more required to construct many mountain tunnels and bridges in Korea where mountains are so widely spread. Some portal of mountain tunnel is not rarely planed at high steep slope of mountain valley where it is not easy to secure working space for tunnel excavation. Reverse excavation is an alternative measure for excavation of tunnel portal at high steep slope. Construction in reverse excavation method has three important points requiring careful consideration: 1)planning of pilot tunnel in proper width, height, and length etc., 2)measure against the effect of one-side earth pressure to the direction of tunnel portal, 3)securing tunnel safety against shallow ground condition at portal zone. This paper intends to suggest applicable range of pilot tunnel for reverse excavation at the portal zone located at high steep slope, and shows result of study on the appropriateness of a reverse excavation by means of 3D numerical analysis. Result of 3D numerical analysis for reverse excavation at high steep slope shows that pilot tunneling will be applicable to start from the point $20{\sim}25m$ before the portal from inside the tunnel.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.168-177
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• 2006

Thirty-nine strains of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and 5 strains of C. acutatum stored in Korean Agricultural Culture Collection(KACC) were re-identified based on molecular characteristics of ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS) and partial $\beta$-tubulin gene and cultural characteristics on potato dextrose agar(PDA) and Benomyl-added PDA. As the results, 19 strains were identified as C. acutatum with 13 strains of group A2, 5 strains of group A3, and 1 strain of group A4. In addition, 20 strains were identified as C. gloeosporioides with 18 strains of ribosomal DNA group(RG) 4 and 2 strains of RG6. The rest were identified as C. boninense RG5(2 strains), C. coccodes RG2(2 strains), and C. dematium RG12(1 strain). Out of domestic 31 strains, 12 strains were identified as C. acutatum A2, one strain as C. acutatum A3, 14 strains as C. gloeosporioides RG4, 2 strains as C. gloeosporioides RG6, one strains as C. boninense RG5 and one strain as C. dematium RG12. We also discussed taxonomy of C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum and composition of C. gloeosporioides/C. acutatum isolates from major crops in Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.16 no.2_3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2010

The changes in quality and shelf life of smoked pork belly according to packaging methods were investigated during storage at $5{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ up to 12 days. Three packaging treatments including air-containing packaging (AC), vacuum packaging (VP), and packaging incorporated with oxygen scavenger (OS) were applied in this experiment. In all treatments, the initial total aerobic plate count (TPC) was 2.4 log cfu/g which was increased with storage period. The rapidest increase of TPC was observed in the AC samples, followed by OS and VP. The VP samples showed inhibiting effects on the growth of Pseudomonas spp. and coliforms over the storage. The TBA values were increased in the order of AC-OS-VP. The VBN values of the VP and OS samples tended to be increased slower than the AC samples during the storage. According to the sensory evaluations, the point of losing marketability in the raw AC, OS, and VP samples was determined to be the day 8, 10, and 12, respectively. However, the evaluations for the cooked samples showed the AC and OS samples preserved the marketing value until the day 10 and 12, while the VP samples until the day 12 except in the parameter of texture. In conclusion, it was found that the most appropriate packaging method for preserving the quality and extending the shelf life of chilled smoked pork belly is vacuum packaging.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.53-63
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• 2017

Although some indicators for evaluating rural settlement conditions have been offered, these indicators could not reflect unique characteristics that rural has its own peculiarities. The rural area is identified with central districts functioned as service provision and hinterlands used its service. The aim of this study is to find a central district of rural villages and define range of its hinterlands using various physical characteristics of rural areas. Targeting areas are Yongsan and Hwanggan in Yeongdong-gun. The physical characteristics are represented by building density, number of shops among secondary and tertiary industries, official land price, and density of bus line. The rural central district is estimated by linear programming using defined the physical characteristics. Also its hinterlands used Huff model and social accessibility. The results of this study are as follows; (1) The physical characteristics in Hwanggan myeon is higher than Yongsan myeon because Hwanggan area has a large floating population for using Hwanggan station and ticket office; (2) The central district in Hwanggan has wider regional range than Yongsan. When central district estimate in rural areas, we suggest a grid diameter of Hexagon for controlling errors; (3) Considering accessibility, the life zone of 4 districts defined legally in Hwanggan use Yongsan and 2 legal districts in Hwanggan are possible to take advantage of Yongsan's life zone; (4) The results of survey targeting boundary villages between Yongsan and Hwanggan, individual drivers use central districts both Yongsan and Hwanggan, however users by public transportation (especially bus) go more to Hwanggan because bus lines to Hwanggan have many routes than to Yongsan. Evaluating the rural settlement conditions by national unit through grasping central districts and its hinterlands, these results can use as base line data and the evidence for regional development projects.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.165-169
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• 1998

In August 1996, seawater salinity and nutrient distribution were investigated at surface waters in the South Sea of Korea. The low-salinity (< 20.00 psu) waters were observed in the western and southwestern offshore areas of Cheju Island. Relatively low saline (< 30.0 psu) waters occupied most of the survey areas only except in the eastern part. The observed minimum salinity was lower by 11.78 psu than that of the average between 1963 and 1995. The low saline waters appeared in the upper layer of generally 10-20 m deep, and were obriously distinguished from high-salinity (> 32.00 psu) waters, 30 m deep. The low saline waters may originate from the freshwater discharge of vast amount of from Yangtze River during the heavy rainfall season in China. Phosphate concentrations in the surface waters were relatively low and were less variable than those of nitrate and silicate. The maximum concentrations of nitrate and silicate occured in the western and southwestern offshore areas of Cheju Island, where the salinities were the lowest. The concentrations of nitrate and silicate were inversely correlated with salinity, whereas that of phosphate showed a considerable scatter and non-conservative behaviours. This indicates extensive desorption reactions of suspended materials releasing phosphate.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2007

Background and Purpose : This study was to survey complication according to the TOAST classification and Sasangconstitution in first-ever AICD (acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease) patients. Methods : From 1 Oct. 2005 to 31 Oct. 2006. 97 patients with a first-ever stroke were included in the study. patients were hospitalized within 14 days after the onset of stroke at Kyungwon University Incheon Oriental Hospital. We recorded patient's complications according to the standard operation procedure of 'A stroke study for standardization and science on Korean Medicine' Results : Complications were recorded in 23 cases (24%). The most common complication was upper respiration infection in 11 cases (11%). No statistical significance was shown between complications of AICD and Sasangconstitutions, but complications rate of LAA was higher than SVO in AICD patients (odds ratio 4.17 95% CI 1.127${\sim}$7.307). Conclusions : To acquire more concrete data on this theme. we need further and larger scale research.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.776-785
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to report and demonstrate the effect of Korean medical treatment on a wedge resection of a lung patient with mucinous adenocarcinoma. The patient was an 84-year-old female who was diagnosed with mucinous adenocarcinoma and underwent wedge resection. The patient was treated with acupuncture and herbal medicine (Banhahubak-tang and Gamiondam-tang). The EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire, Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire, Lung Cancer 13 (EORTC QLQ-LC13), numeric rating scale (NRS), and the Global Assessment (G/A) were used to assess the changes in symptoms, including operation site pain and dyspnea. After treatment, the patient showed improvement in operation site pain and dyspnea, based on the NRS and G/A. However, dyspnea and pain were aggravated based on the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-LC13. Therefore, Korean medicine may have a substantial benefit for patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma after wedge resection of the lung.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.796-805
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• 2016

Objective: To examine the effects of Gagam-Samryoungbeakchul-san (加減 蔘苓白朮散) on a premature ventricular contraction patient with dizziness and chest discomfort. Methods: A patient diagnosed with premature ventricular contraction was treated with herbal medicine and acupuncture. The period of admission was 15 days, and we measured the electrocardiogram before and after treatment. We evaluated the improvement in symptoms by Global Assessment (G/A), and checked the pulse rate by oximetry three times a day. We estimated the efficacy of treatment by analyzing the relationship between the average pulse rate and symptoms. Results: After Gagam-Samryoungbeakchul-san treatment and acupuncture therapy, the average pulse rate increased from 36.5 to 58. This increase in average pulse rate was accompanied by a reduction in dizziness of 40%, chest discomfort of 30%, and frequency of bigeminy in the electrocardiogram. Conclusions: This case report confirmed the effectiveness of Gagam-Samryoungbeakchul-san on premature ventricular contraction, but further study is warranted.