• 한국안전학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2011

Despite most of tasks in manufacturing, construction and agriculture, etc., were currently mechanized and automated, manual materials handling still existed in atypical working condition. In case of manual materials handling, repetitive work, inappropriate working posture, excessive force, contact stress might cause overload, which could lead to work-related musculoskeletal disorders and low back pains. On this basis, the goal of this study is to reveal the effects of various lifting postures of trunk angles and lower extremity postures on maximum holding time(MHT). Twenty two subjects were recruited from a university population. The experiment was designed by a combination of three trunk angle ($0^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$) and three lower extremity postures(straight, bent, kneeling). Before experimental trials, subjects performed MVC(maximum voluntary contraction) exertions in three trunk angles ($0^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$) to calculate 30%MVC at designated postures. In each trial, they were required to hold the handheld load(30%MVC) for a designated posture as long as they could. The results of MVC by trunk angles were measured in $0^{\circ}$ > $20^{\circ}$ > $60^{\circ}$ orders, but those of MHT measured in $20^{\circ}$ > $0^{\circ}$ > $60^{\circ}$ orders. These results showed that straight posture is the ideal working posture in work exerted a strong force for a short time, but the ability to work might be improved in the trunk angle $20^{\circ}$ in work required 30%MVC for a long time. Also, results of MVC and MHT by lower extremity postures measured in straight > bent > kneeling orders.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.311-327
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of diaphragmatic breathing on activation of trunk muscles of patients with low back pain. Diaphragmatic breathing may affect activation of trunk muscles. The assumptions are as follows: the crural diaphragm attatches to the lumbar vertebrae from L1 to L3, the voluntary downward pressurization of the diaphragm increases intra-abdominal pressure, and this increases the stiffness of the spine. Diaphragmatic breathing increases intra-abdominal pressure and the increased intra-abdominal pressure may contribute to the lumbar stability. Sixty patients with low back pain were randomly divided into two groups. Experimental group performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise with six breathing positions and control group performed only the breathing positions for five times per week during six weeks. % maximal voluntary contraction(% MVC) of trunk muscles on six breathing positions of experimental and control group was measured according to testing period of pre test, three weeks, and six weeks. The repeated measures of one-way ANOVA were used to analyze % MVC on trunk muscles of experimental and control group according to testing period. The results of this study were as follows: First, % MVC of right and left erector spinae in the right leg extension position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Second, % MVC of right and left erector spinae in all-four positions indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Third, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the sitting position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Fourth, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the standing position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Fifth, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the supine position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Sixth, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the lying on prone position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, as experimental group performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise according to the period of pre-test, post three weeks, and post six weeks, experimental group showed the greater significant effect on the activation of right, left erector spinae, and external oblique muscle. Diaphragmatic breathing exercise which resulted in activation of trunk muscles can be effective for managing the patients with back pain and should be utilized as the new therapeutic intervention.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제18D권3호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2011

모바일 기기는 유연한 이동성을 제공하는 대신에 제한된 자원을 가지고 있는 휴대용 장치로서, 최근에는 단순한 몇 가지의 기능만 제공하던 기존의 한계를 넘어서 많은 부가기능들을 추가적으로 제공하고 있다. 하지만 낮은 성능의 프로세서와 제한된 배터리용량으로 인해 사용자가 만족할 수 있는 성능을 제공하지 못하는 문제점이 발생하고 있다. 이러한 성능이슈는 하드웨어 교체를 통해 쉽게 해결될 수 있으나, 제품가격 상승이라는 치명적 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 성능이슈와 제품가격 상승 이라는 두 가지 문제를 동시에 해결하기 위하여 사용자 체감성능을 개선하는 방법을 제시한다. 사용자 체감성능은 사용자가 화면터치 또는 키패드를 통해 모바일 기기에 화면갱신 명령을 입력하고 모바일 기기의 출력장치인 LCD화면에 화면구성을 완료하는데 까지 걸리는 시간이 매우 중요한 요소이다. 모바일 기기는 물리적으로 작은 LCD화면을 사용하기 때문에 한번에 보여줄 수 있는 데이터의 양이 제한적이다. 화면을 구성하기 위해서 LCD화면에 보여줄 수 있는 양의 데이터만 사용한다면 빠른 화면구성을 할 수 있다. 이렇게 최소한의 데이터를 계산하고 DB에서 가져와 빠른 화면구성을 할 수 있도록 하는 Controller를 기존의 MVC 패턴에 추가한 MVC+Prefetch Controller 패턴을 제안한다. 제안한 패턴을 사용하면 사용자가 만족할 만한 체감성능을 보장할 수 있다. MVC+Prefetch Controller 패턴을 삼성전자 휴대폰 모델 S8500에 적용하여 사용자 체감성능 개선을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.303-323
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• 1994

In this paper, distribution of Votaw's $\lambda_1$(mvc) criterion has been obtained using inverse Mellin transform, residue theorem and properties of special functions.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.569-578
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• 2017

Objective: The purposes of this experiment are an analysis of accuracy between target force level and subjective rating for the Target Force Level and an analysis of the patterns of subjective rating depending on target force level when there is no feedback from males for analysis. Background: The study of perceived exertion about the static contraction is processed with using among the matching procedure method between contralateral limbs, Exertion vs. Borg CR-10 scale and Exertion vs. %MVC (Maximum Voluntary Contraction). However, when there is no feedback, there is lack of the study on whether the subject can distinguish the subjective rating of the force depending on the target force levels. Method: Total 30 males, healthy subjects are measured the maximum grip strength, MVC, and then, each subject is measured the subjective rating and the accuracy with the random target force level (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% MVC). Results: In the MVC study, males exerted 256.87N (${\pm}51.33$). In the subjective rating of grip strength increased for each Target Force Level (9 levels), higher subjective rating evaluated (p<0.05). In accuracy examination between target force level and subjective rating of grip strength by each %MVC, 10, 30, 40, 50, 70, 90% target force levels showed accurate strength (p>0.05). However, at 20% target force level, the subjects evaluated less subjective rating of grip strength than the target force (Underestimation), and at 60% and 80% target force level, the subjects evaluated more subjective rating of grip strength than the target force (Overestimation) (p<0.05). Conclusion: In the experiment, the MVC showed 256.87N (${\pm}51.33$) for the male adults and as the subjective rating value increased for each Target Force Level (9 levels), higher subjective rating evaluated (p<0.05). Moreover, the results of the accuracy test between target forces and subjective rating of the subjects showed that most participants rated a fairly accurate assessment of subjective rating of grip strength for Target Force Level (9 levels), except for 20%, 60%, and 80%MVC. Application: This experimental result would be used for basic data for the subjective rating of grip strength pattern by the target force level when the voluntary muscle is contracted.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Task-oriented training on the balance, lapse time and MVC(Maximum Voluntary Contraction) of CVA(cerebral vascular accident) patients. The active balance equipment was used to measure of the static balance, lapse time and task-oriented training. The EMG technique was used to record muscle activitie of affected side of gluteus medius and vastus medialis. The raw EMG data were filtered with band pass filter (60Hz) to remove artifacts and then low pass filtered (20Hz) to find the linear envelope which resemble muscle tension curve. The experiment had been conducted at the department of physical therapy in J hospital in M city during 8weeks. The thirty patients experienced the stroke were participated: training group (15), control group (15). They were ambulatory with or without an assistive device. They were assessed on central perturbation(mm) in the static balance, lapse time(s) and MVC test(mV). The data were analyzed using repeated measured ANOVA. The results were as follows: After Task-oriented training, central perturbation and lapse time was significantly differences in both groups(p<.001), and MVC in gluteus medius were no significant differences in both groups, but vastus medialis was significant differences in both groups (p<.001).

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2007년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.833-836
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• 2007

최근 Web2.0을 이용하여 다양한 웹 어플리케이션이 개발 및 서비스 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 서버스크립트 언어로 구현된 일정관리프로그램의 단점을 보완하기 위하여 MVC 패턴을 적용한 Ajax 기반의 개인 및 그룹용 일정관리프로그램을 Java Servlet으로 구현하였다. 또한, OPEN API를 활용한 Mash-up을 통해 사용자들에게 다양한 부가 서비스를 제공함으로써 어플리케이션의 활용도를 제고하였다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.405-408
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• 2017

다시점 이미지의 뷰포인트 간에 높은 유사도가 존재함을 바탕으로 MV-HEVC는 뷰포인트 내에서 전통적인 시간적 방향 예측 뿐만 아니라 뷰포인트 간에 예측을 수행함으로써 높은 부호화 효율을 얻는다. 본 논문에서는 HEVC를 기본 계층으로 사용하는 스케일러블다시점 비디오 부호화를 구현하기 위해 SHVC와 MVC를 통합 구현함을 제안한다. 실험결과에 의해 BD-PSNR 개선이 1.5dB에 이르고 동시에 BD-Bitrate를 50~60% 가량 줄일 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.30-38
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• 2006

This study was to investigate the influence of cooling on muscle force and viscoelastic properties of tendon structures in themedial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle. The subject was instructed to gradually increase force (10% MVC step) from a relaxed state to MVC within 3 s. At this time, it was measured by an ultrasonographic probe was attached and that an electrode was attached to monitor EMG. The F values at 50 100% of MVC were significantly greater under the cold condition than under the non-cold condition (p<.05). The ${\Delta}F/{\Delta}L$ values at 80~100% of MVC were significantly higher under the cold condition than under the non-cold condition (p<.05). The elongation under the non-cold condition had a tendency to be greater than that under the cold condition. The results suggest that cooling results in an increase in the stiffness of tendon structures with a reduction of muscle force and elongation.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 분산환경에서 MVC(Model View Controller) 모델을 기반으로 하는 Model 2 프레임 웍에 입각하여 소프트웨어 컴포넌트와 관련된 요소를 자동 생성하여 웹 애플리케이션 구축을 지원하는 방법에 대해 제시한다. Model 2 프레임웍은 웹 애플리케이션에서 Model, View, Controller를 이용하여 MVC 구조로 작성하는 방법으로 기능을 캡슐화하여 변경에 대해 영향을 최소로 하는 구조이기 때문에 확장성, 유지보수성 면에서 좋은 방법으론 인식되고 있다. Model 2 프레임웍 하에서 소프트웨어 컴포넌트와 관련된 요소를 자동 생성하기 위해 MVC 모델, 컴포넌트, Model 2 프레임웍, 디자인 패턴 등에 대해 살펴보고 구현 환경에 적용하기 위한 개선된 Model 2 프레임웍을 제시하고 제시된 프레임웍에 기반하여 소프트웨어 컴포넌트와 관련된 요소를 자동 생성하는 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다.