• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.261-268
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• 2024

This study focused on social connection apps and support among various measures to prevent 'killing and abandonment of infants', which has recently become a social issue. The research method attempted to show the necessity of a social-linked app by analyzing the contents of 12 cases with peculiarities in the infant murder process in the judgment after 2021. Infanticide mothers were found to be economically and socially vulnerable, and they killed infants to continue their lives. Focusing on the mind of human respect rather than the judicial meaning of punishing crime, the development of social connection apps and support services that allow both mothers and infants to be healthy and socially protected were proposed. The first is a great transformation of economic support and awareness for pregnancy, childbirth, and parenting. Second, it is necessary to develop a confidentiality counseling and information app that can comprehensively support medical directions and social welfare in consideration of the health status of the fetus and women and the socio-economic situation. Third, it is proposed to promote the use of the Internet such as joint childcare facilities of social communities, child protection institutions, and adoption systems. The government should investigate the reasons for not being able to register birth, the root causes of killing and abandonment of infants, and come up with practical plans and policies for them.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 1986

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 임간초지개량(林間草地改良)과 관리(管理) 및 이용(利用)의 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻고자 차광정도(遮光程度)를 0%구(區)(自然光狀態), 25%, 50%, 75%차광구(遮光區)를 설치(設置)하고 Orchardgrass, Timothy, Perennial ryegrass를 '84년(年) 8월(月) 25일(日)에 파종(播種)하여 목초(牧草)의 동사(凍死) 및 월동전(越冬前) 초기생육특성(初期生育特性)을 조사(調査)하였던바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 차광정도(遮光程度)에 따른 근장(根長), 분얼수(分蘖數), 발근수(發根數) 및 발근장(發根長)의 생육정도(生育程度)는 자연광상태(自然光狀態)${\geqq}$25%차광구(遮光區)>50% 차광구(遮光區) >75% 차광구순(遮光區順)이었으며(P<0.05), 초장(草長) 및 엽신장(葉身長)의 생육(生育)은 자연광상태(自然光狀態)<25%차광구(遮光區)<50%차광구(遮光區)${\geqq}$75%차광구순(遮光區順)이었다(P<0.05). 2. 차광정도(遮光程度)에 따른 동사율(凍死率)은 자연광상태(自然光狀態)가 4.7%, 25%차광구(遮光區)는 6.2%, 50%차광구(遮光區)는 11.8%, 75%(遮光區)는 22.2%를 보여 차광정도(遮光程度)가 많을수록 동사율(凍死率)은 증가(增加)하였다(P>0.05). 초종별(草種別)로는 Orchardgrass가 10.1%, Timothy가 9.5%, Perennial ryegrass가 14.2%를 나타내었다. 3. 차광정도(遮光程度)에 따른 초종별(草種別) 동사율(凍死率)과 월동전(越冬前) 초기(初期) 생육형질(生育形質)과의 관계(關係)는 분얼수(分蘖數), 발근수(發根數), 발근장(發根長)과는 고도(高度)의 부(負)의 상관관계(相關關係)를 보였으나, 초장(草長) 및 엽신장(葉身長)과는 정(正)의 상관관계(相關關係)를 나타내었다. 4. 차광정도(遮光程度)에 따른 월동전(越冬前) 순동화율(純同化率)은 자연광상태(自然光狀態)가 10.98, 25%차광구(遮光區)가 11.52, 50%차광구(遮光區)가 9.81, 75%차광구(遮光區)가 $6.12g/m^2/day$을 보여 차광(遮光)이 많을수록 감소(減少)하는 경향(傾向)이며, 초종별(草種別)로는 Orchardgrass가 8.58, Timothy가 8.53, Perennial ryegrass가 $11.71g/m^2/day$을 나타내었다. 동사율(凍死率)과 월동전(越冬前) 순동화율(純同化率)과는 부(負)의 상관관계(相關關係)(r=-0.5943*)를 나타내었다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.25-40
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• 2013

Objectives: The object of this study was to observe the in vitro antibacterial effects of five single(Pulsatillae Radix, Patrinae Radix, Sanguisorbae Radix, Sophorae Flos, and Sophorae Radix) aqueous herbal extracts, traditionally used for treating various gynecological diseases including mastitis in Korea, against Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: Antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus of aqueous extracts of Pulsatillae Radix, PatrinaeRadix, Sanguisorbae Radix, Sophorae Flos, and Sophorae Radix were detected using standard agar microdilution methods. In addition, the effects on the bacterial growth curve were also monitored at Minimal Incubation Concentration(MIC) and $MIC{\times}2$ levels. The effects on the intracellular killing and bacterial invasion of individual test materials were also observed using murine macrophage(Raw 264.7) and human mammary gland carcinoma cell(MCF-7). Results: MIC of aqueous extracts of Pulsatillae Radix, Patrinae Radix, Sanguisorbae Radix, Sophorae Flos, and Sophorae Radix against Staphylococcus aureus were detected as $0.215{\pm}0.107$ mg/ml, $0.273{\pm}0.107$ mg/ml, $0.469{\pm}0.297$ mg/ml, $11.850{\pm}8.406$ mg/ml, and $0.664{\pm}0.546$ mg/ml, respectively. MIC of Ciprofloxacin was detected as $0.469{\pm}0.297{\mu}g/ml$ at same conditions. In addition, all five single aqueous herbal extracts were also showed marked dosage-dependent inhibition of bacterial growth. The effects of intracellular killing with Raw 264.7 and inhibition of bacterial invasion with MCF-7 cells were detected, in the order of Sophorae Flos, Pulsatillae Radix, Patrinae Radix, Sanguisorbae Radix and Sophorae Radix aqueous extracts in the present study. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study suggest that all five single aqueous herbal extracts showed antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and they also showed dosage-dependent inhibitory effects on the bacterial growth. They showed the significant intracellular killing and inhibition of bacterial invasion effects. It means, all five single aqueous herbal extracts may show potent anti-infectious effects against Staphylococcus aureus for mastitis.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.381-391
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• 1998

천축황(天竺黃)은 한의학에서 청풍열(淸風熱)과 치담(治痰)하는 효능으로 중풍과 불어증(不語症)을 치료하는데 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 천축황(天竺黃)이 실험적인 치매(Alzheimer Disease; AD)를 유발시키는 물질로 알려진 $amyloid-{\beta}\;(A{\beta}\;peptide)$를 흰쥐의 신경세포의 일종인 astrocyte에 처리하여 그 세포독성과 보호효과 및 세포막 지질의 과산화에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 천축황(天竺黃)은 $A{\beta}$에 의한 신경세포에 대한 손상을 억제하여 세포증식을 촉진하여 예방 및 보호효과를 나타내었다. 또한, 세포막 지질의 과산화의 지표인 malondialdehyde (MDA)생성이 $A{\beta}$처리로 크게 증가하였으나 세포막 파괴에 의한 뇌세포 파괴의 전형적인 현상이 천축황(天竺黃)의 전(前)처리와 후(後)처리로 크게 감소되었다. 그리고, 이러한 결과들은 천축황(天竺黃)이 신경세포의 하나인 astrocyte에 대한 보호효과와 세포막지질의 과산화 저해 및 $A{\beta}$처리와 같은 치매유발 독성에 대한 적응능력 향상을 통한 뇌신경의 보호효과를 주는 것으로 노인성 치매 등 임상적 응용에 그 효과가 기대된다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

본 연구는 저온 상압 플라즈마 장치를 이용하여 구강점막질환을 일으키는 C. albicans 균을 효과적으로 사멸하기 위해 시행하였다. 조직에 적합하게 처리될 수 있도록 저온 상압 플라즈마 장치를 고안하고, 먼저 agar plate에 C. albicans 균을 처리하여 플라즈마를 조사한 결과 agar plate표면에 C. albicans 균을 처리 후 저온 상압 플라즈마 장치를 적용한 결과 60초 처리시 1.2 cm, 180초 처리시 1.4 cm, 300초 처리시 1.7 cm의 박테리아 생장 억제 구간이 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 조직에서의 구강병원균 사멸 효과를 확인하기 위해 HRM-2 마우스 조직에 C. albicans 균을 처리하여 저온 상압 플라즈마를 조사 시 마우스 조직 표면에 C. albicans 균을 오염시켜 저온 상압 플라즈마 처리 후 CFU 방법으로 측정한 결과 300초간 1회 처리시 2 log CFU/ml, 300초간 2회 처리시 3 log CFU/ml, 300초간 3 회 처리시 6 log CFU/ml의 균 수 감소 효과가 나타나는 것을 확인하였다(p<0.05). 따라서, 저온의 저온 상압 플라즈마 장치는 효과적으로 구강 병원균을 사멸시킬 수 있으며, 구강점막질환 치료 장비로서 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.391-404
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• 1991

Three anticncer agents which are different in time or dosage dependence as well as in phase specificity, namely mitomycin and adriamycin from natural products, and widely different cancer cell lines_Four epidermoid carcinomas originated from larynx, cervix, skin and gut were used toghether with one osteosarcoma as the target cell of single and combined administration of anticancer drugs. Semiautomated tetrazolium dye assay(MTT) appears to offer an attractive option for chemosensitivity of head and neck cancers since it is a simple, valid and inexpensive method of assessing chemosensitivity for large samples in a short time. The results obtained form this study were as follows. 1. Good correlations were obtained with the results of the MTT test and those of $^3H$ thymidine uptake assay. 2. $LD_{50}$ values of HIST and St.Ca. which showed relatively high doubling time on adriamycin were $30{\mu}g/ml$ and $15{\mu}g/ml$ while those of HeLa, Hep-2 and KHOS/NP were $2.1{\mu}g/ml$, $4.8{\mu}g/ml$, and $6.8{\mu}g/ml$ respectively. 3. The $LD_{50}$ value of 5-FU on five cancer cells were very high ranging from 15mg/ml to almost indefinite number, which means 5-FU is very resistant to epidermoid carcinomas or osteosarcoma examined in this study. 4. Mitomycin was relatively effective showing 80% cancer killing effect on HeLa, 70% on St. Ca. and 50% on Hep-2 at the high concentrations used. 5. Adriamycin was the most effective showing 90% cancer cell killing effect on KHOS/NP, 98% on HeLa, 80% both on Hep-2 and St. Ca. The least susceptible cancer cells toward adriamycin was HIST having only 55% cell killing effect at the high cincentration. 6. Combined therapy of adriamycin and 5-FU was more effective than single administration in all the cases examined. Most effective synergism was observed on St. Ca. at the low concentration, showing 21 times higher than each single administration.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.166-172
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• 2006

Metallo-${\beta}$-lactamase (MBL) can hydrolyze all ${\beta}$-lactams except monobactams and frequently coexists with various antibiotic resistance genes such as aminoglycoside resistance, sulfonamide resistance gene, etc. Therefore, the effective antibiotics against infections by these bacteria are markedly limited or can't even be found. We tried to search in-vitro antimicrobial combinations with synergistic effects for a VIM-2 type MBL producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from clinical specimen. On the selection of antibiotic combinations with synergistic effects, we performed a one disk synergy test, modified Pestel's method, in agar without aztreonam (AZT). The bacteriostatic synergistic effects of this tests were scored as $S_1$ (by susceptibility pattern in agar without antibiotics), $S_2$ (by the change of susceptibility in agar with or without antibiotics) and $S_3$ ($S_1$ + $S_2$) and was classified into weak (1 point), moderate (2 points) and strong (3 points) by $S_3$ score. Subsequently, we carried out the time-killing curve for the antibiotic combinations with the strong synergistic bacteriostatic effect. One VIM-2 type MBL producing P. aeruginosa confirmed by the PCR showed all resistance against all ${\beta}$-lactams except AZT, aminoglycoside and ciprofloxacin. In the one disk synergy test, this isolate showed a strong bacteriostatic synergistic effect for the antibiotic combination of AZT and piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP-TZP) or AZT and amikacin (AN). On the time-killing curve after six hours of incubation, the colony forming units (CFUs/mL) of this bacteria in the medium broth with both combination antibiotics were decreased to 1/18.7, 1/17.1 of the least CFUs of each single antibiotics. The triple antibiotic combination therapy including AZT, PIP-TZP and AN was shown to be significantly synergistic after 8 hrs of exposure. In a VIM-2 MBL producing P. aeruginosa with susceptibility for AZT, the triple antibiotic combination therapy including AZT, PIP-TZP and AN may be considered as an alternative antibiotics modality against the infection by some MBL type. But the antimicrobial combination therapy for many more MBL producing isolates is essential to know as soon as possible for the selection of effective treatment against the infection by this bacteria.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.523-528
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• 1998

즉살 활어 수송방법을 확립시키기 위한 연구의 일부로, 냉각시키기 전에 활 넙치의 생사의 차이가 냉각저장 ($0^{\circ}C$)중에 넙치육의 사후조기의 물리$\cdot$화학적 변화에 미치는 영향에 대하여 실험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 냉각시키기 전에 살아있는 것이 마취사 시킨 것보다 경직개시시간 및 완전경직에 도달하는 시간이 빨랐다. 2. ATP 분해도 냉각시키기 전에 살아있는 것이 마취시킨 것보다 빨랐다. 즉, 냉각시키기 전에 살아있는 것은 냉각저장 17.5시간 후에 완전히 분해되었지만, 마취사 시킨 것은 20시간까지 서서히 감소하다가 그 후에 급속히 분해되어 30시간 후에 완전히 분해되었다. 3. 육의 파괴강도는 냉각시키기 전에 살아있는 것이 냉각저장 7.5시간후에 대조구보다 약 $26\%$증가하여 최대값을 나타내었으며, 마취사 시킨 것은 저장 20시간 후에 약 $22\%$만큼 증가하여 최대값을 나타내었다. 4. 유산의 증가는 냉각시키기 전에 마취사 시킨 것은 저장 10시간까지 유산생성이 억제되었으며, 그 이후로 증가하여 저장 25시간 후에 최대값에 도달하였다 한편, 살아있는 것은 유산의 증가가 빨라 저장 15시간 후에 최대 값에 도달하였다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.65-80
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• 2014

Objectives: The object of this study was to observe the in vitro antibacterial effects of Gagam-seopyoungjeon aqueous extracts (GGSYJ) against Gardnerella vaginalis and the possible synergic combination effects with clindamycin. Methods: Antibacterial activities against Gardnerella vaginalis of GGSYJ were detected using minimal inhibition concentration (MIC), and the effects on the bacterial growth curve were also monitored at MIC and MIC${\times}$2 levels. The combination effects of GGSYJ with clindamycin were observed by checkboard microtiter assay, and the effects of bacterial growth curve treated with GGSYJ MIC+clindamycin MIC, 1/2 MIC and 1/4 MIC, respectively. The effects on the bacterial invasion and intracellular killing of GGSYJ were also observed using human vaginal epithelial (VK2) and murine macrophage (Raw264.7) cells with combination effects with clindamycin after treatment of GGSYJ MIC+clindamycin 1/2 MIC, 1/4 MIC and 1/6 MIC, respectively. Results: The MIC of clindamycin and GGSYJ against Gardnerella vaginalis were detected as $0.012{\pm}0.006$ (0.004~0.016)${\mu}g/ml$ and $1.016{\pm}0.524$ (0.391~1.563) mg/ml, respectively. Clindamycin and GGSYJ were also showed marked dosage-dependent inhibition of bacterial growth, and significant decreases of viable cells were detected in clindamycin MIC+GGSYJ MIC and clindamycin 1/2 MIC+GGSYJ MIC treatment as compared with each of single clindamycin MIC and GGSYJ MIC treatments. And significant decreases of intraepithelial and intra-macrophage viable bacteria numbers were detected in clindamycin 1/2 MIC+GGSYJ 1/2 MIC and clindamycin 1/4 MIC+GGSYJ 1/2 MIC treatment as compared with each of single clindamycin GGSYJ 1/2 MIC treatments, respectively. Conclusions: GGSYJ showed slight antibacterial effects against Gardnerella vaginalis, but they showed dosage-dependent inhibitory effects on the bacterial growth and VK2 epithelial invasions of bacteria with favorable accelerating effects of intracellular killing activities of macrophages. In addition, combination of GGSYJ also increased the inhibitory effects of clindamycin on the epithelial invasions of Gardnerella vaginalis and intracellular killing activities of macrophages against Gardnerella vaginalis as 2-fold higher as compared with clindamycin single treatment, respectively. Therefore, we expected that the clinical dosages of clindamycin can be reduced as 1/2 levels as combination with GGSYJ.

• 한국잠사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국잠사학회 2003년도 International Symposium of Silkworm/Insect Biotechnology and Annual Meeting of Korea Society of Sericultural Science
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• pp.43-45
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate sprouting and cold hardiness during wintering and thawing Periods in 7-year-old mulberry(Morus) three varieties of Kaeryangppong, Shinilppong and Yongcheonppong. The killing points of the mulberry twigs were investigated using DTA(Differential Thermal Analysis). (omitted)