• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.141-141
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• 2010

과학기술은 기술영역간의 관계를 통해 고유한 연구영역을 그리며 발달하며, 이는 학제의 다양성을 바탕으로 기존 기술들이 독특한 결합과정의 형성을 의미한다. 기술의 결합과정은 지식의 결합과정 관점으로 이해할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 에너지산업과 다른 특성을 갖는 신 재생에너지의 기술발전경로를 '지식흐름'의 관점에서 탐색하여 신 재생에너지 연구의 학제 구조 및 다양성을 살펴보고자 한다. 계량서지학적 분석은 데이터 수집의 간편성 및 초기 연구결과물 분석에 적용할 수 있다는 장점에 의해 여러 분야에서 폭넓게 응용되어 왔다. 특히, A.L Porter(1984)에 의해 'citation'을 이용한 학제간관계 측정에 적용하여 계량서지학적 방법을 바탕으로 지식흐름을 관찰하는데 선구적인 방법을 제시하였다. 또한 Tijsen(1992)은 동시분류분석방법을 적용하여 네덜란드 에너지 연구분야의 학제구조를 분석하였고, Kajikawa(2007)은 에너지분야의 신기술인 태양전지와 연료전지에 한정하여 인용네트워크 분석을 수행하여 연구발전의 경향을 알아보았다. 이에 본 연구에서는 계량 서지학적 방법의 하나인 co-classification 방법론을 적용하여 태양광 분야 중 태양전지에 초점을 맞추어 학제 간 다양성 분석 연구를 수행 하였다. 태양광은 신 재생에너지 중 전후방연관 파급효과가 가장 큰 분야이며, 반도체 기반기술을 바탕으로 그 기술을 전개할 수 있기에 국내 산업과의 연관도가 높은 산업이다. 태양전지의 연구 동향 파악 및 고유의 연구영역을 도출을 분석하기 위한 기본 자료는 ISI의 'Web of Science'를 기반하여 수집하였다. 또한 태양광 연구의 연구구조 파악을 위하여 계량서지학분석의 하나인 'co-classification' 방법론을 추가적으로 적용하여 학제간의 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 1979-2009년까지의 태양전지 연구 논문 2,602개를 바탕으로 동시에 2개 이상의 SC를 포함한 논문은 총 논문의 51.8%이며, 출현한 SC는 65개로 분석되었다. 이 중 2개 이상의 SC가 동시에 출연한 횟수는 증가하는 경향을 가짐을 알 수 있었다. 이는 과학기술의 발전이 기술의 결합과정 또는 지식의 결합과정 관점으로 이해할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.381-396
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• 2020

Investigations of the commercial aircraft impact effect on nuclear island infrastructures have been drawing extensive attention, and this paper aims to perform the safety assessment of Generation III nuclear power plant (NPP) buildings subjected to typical commercial aircrafts crash. At present Part I, finite element (FE) models establishment and validations for both the aircrafts and NPP buildings are performed. (i) Airbus A320 and A380 aircrafts are selected as the representative medium and large commercial aircrafts, and the corresponding fine FE models including the skin, beam, fuel and etc. are established. By comparing the numerically derived impact force time-histories with the existing published literatures, the rationality of aircrafts models is verified. (ii) Fine FE model of the Chinese Zhejiang Sanao NPP buildings is established, including the detailed structures and reinforcing arrangement of both the containment and auxiliary buildings. (iii) By numerically reproducing the existing 1/7.5 scaled aircraft model impact tests on steel plate reinforced concrete (SC) panels and assessing the impact process and velocity time-history of aircraft model, as well as the damage and the maximum deflection of SC panels, the applicability of the existing three concrete constitutive models (i.e., K&C, Winfrith and CSC) are evaluated and the superiority of Winfrith model for SC panels under deformable missile impact is verified. The present work can provide beneficial reference for the integral aircraft crash analyses and structural damage assessment in the following two parts of this paper.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2004

A single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific towards B. pseudomallei exotoxin had previously been generated from an existing hybridoma cell line (6E6AF83B) and cloned into the phage display vector pComb3H. In this study, the scFv was subcloned into the pComb3X vector to facilitate the detection and purification of expressed antibodies. Detection was facilitated by the presence of a hemagglutinin (HA) tag, and purification was facilitated by the presence of a histidine tag. The culture was grown at 30$^{\circ}C$ until log phase was achieved and then induced with 1 mM IPTG in the absence of any additional carbon source. Induction was continued at 30$^{\circ}C$ for five h. The scFv was discerned by dual processes-direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and Western blotting. When compared to E. coli strains ER2537 and HB2151, scFv expression was observed to be highest in the E. coli strain Topl0F'. The expressed scFv protein was purified via nickel-mediated affinity chromatography and results indicated that two proteins a 52 kDa protein, and a 30 kDa protein were co-purified. These antibodies, when blotted against immobilized exotoxin, exhibited significant specificity towards the exotoxin, com-pared to other B. pseudomallei antigens. Thus, these antibodies should serve as suitable reagents for future affinity purification of the exotoxin.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.3348-3354
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• 2011

Oleanolic acid (OA) as template molecule, polyamide-6 (PA6) as basement membrane and poly(styrene-comaleic acid) (PSMA) were used to prepare PA6/PSMA-OA molecularly imprinted composite membranes by phase inversion method in supercritical $CO_2$ ($ScCO_2$). The template molecule (OA), [poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMAH), PSMA, molecularly imprinted membranes (MIMs) imprinting OA and MIMs after elution were all characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The conditions that were the mass ratio between PSMA and OA from 3:1 to 8:1, temperature of $ScCO_2$ from $35^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$ and pressure of $ScCO_2$ 12 MPa to 17 MPa were studied. It was obtained the largest adsorption rate and purity of OA after adsorption of the resultant MIMs, 50.41% and 96.15% respectively. After using PA6 film and non-woven fabrics as basement membrane respectively, it was found that smaller aperture of PA6 was used as basement membrane, a higher adsorption rate and a higher purity of OA after adsorption of the MIMs were obtained, and so were the stability and reproducibility of the resultant MIMs. After template molecules being removed, the MIMs had effective selectivity hydrogen bonding to separately bind in the binary components to the template molecules-oleanolic acid.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.284-290
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• 2017

The glyoxal has been used as formaldehyde free DP(durable press) agents in wrinkle free treatment for cotton fabrics. However, the yellowing problem is a disadvantage of DP finishing process for cotton fabrics with glyoxal. In order to improve the whiteness, it was investigated that the effect of coreactant and treatment method with various whitening additives such as STB(sodium tetraborate, $Na_2B_4O_7$), SPB(sodium perborate, $NaBO_3$), SC(sodium chlorite, $NaClO_2$) and SPC(sodium percarbonate, $Na_2CO_3{\cdot}1.5$ $H_2O_2$). The increasing the concentration of whitening additives(STB, SPB, SC and SPC), the whiteness and the strength retention ratio of cotton fabrics were increased but the wrinkle recovery angles were decreased in one bath method. It was not suitable to improve whiteness because the whiteness value is about 60. In the case of SC used two bath method, the whiteness is near 70, which is similar to untreated fabrics, without decreasing of WRA and strength.

• 분석과학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.329-334
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• 2002

TBP 내의 분해산물인 $DBP^-$ 및 $MBP^{2-}$의 정량을 위하여 이온크로마토그래피를 이용하였으며, AS4A-SC(Dionex) 분리관과 $Na_2CO_3$/NaOH 용리액을 사용하여 $DBP^-$, $MBP^{2-}$, $F^-$, $Cl^-$, ${NO_2}^-$, ${NO_3}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$ 및 ${PO_4}^{3-}$의 머무름거동을 살펴보았다. 2 mM $Na_2CO_3$/1 mM NaOH 용리액에서 이들의 분리가 가장 효율적이었으며, 15분 이내에 분리되었다. $5{\mu}g/mL$ - $100{\mu}g/mL$의 농도범위가 측정에 적합하였으며, 이 범위에서 검량곡선은 $r^2$=0.999로 좋은 상관관계를 보여주었다. 시료량 $25{\mu}L$를 취할경우 $DBP^-$의 검출한계는 $1{\mu}g/mL$이고, $MBP^{2-}$의 검출한계는 $0.5{\mu}g/mL$ 이었다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2008

Metal ions such as Cu and Cr were extracted from the Cu, Cr and Ag impregnated active carbon by contacting the solid surfaces with supercritical carbon dioxide(Sc-$CO_2$) containing chelating agents. About 10g of the active carbon sample were loaded in a vertical tube extractor contacting with $CO_2$ flowing from the bottom of the tube for 6hrs. The ligands used were acetyl acetone(AA) and Cyanex-302(C-302). Water and methanol were used as entrainers to study the effect of co-solvent to $CO_2$. Experimental results showed that C-302 was more effective than AA in removing Cu with the maximum extraction of 42.0wt%, while 57.6wt% of Cr was extracted with AA from the sample.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2021

In this study, the microstructure of the CVD-fabricated Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ (CIGSe) absorber layer by simulating the stacking sequence used in a co-evaporation method, and changes solar cell performance were investigated. The absorber layer prepared by stacking CuSe and (In,Ga)Se between InSe is separated into Ga-free CuInSe₂ and Ga-rich CIGSe, and transformed to CIGSe by selenization heat treatment with slight improvement in the the solar cell efficiency. However, in CVD, since the supply of liquid Cu-Se is not as active as in the co-evaporation method, the nanoocrystalline layer containing a large amount of Ga remained independently in the absorption layer, which acted as a cause of the loss of J_SC and FF. Therefore, by using a precursor structure in which CuGa is sputter-deposited on a single layer of InSe deposited by CVD, performance parameters of V_OC, J_SC, and FF could be greatly improved.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.557-564
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• 2015

기존의 초임계 이산화탄소를 이용하여 식각 및 건조하는 공정은 고압 건조기 외부에서 용매를 이용하여 웨이퍼를 식각한 후 고압 건조기로 이동시켜 초임계 이산화탄소를 이용하여 세정 및 건조 하는 2단계 공정으로 구성되어 있다. 이 공정을 이용하여 본 연구에서 실험을 수행한 결과 점착 없이 식각, 세정 및 건조가 가능함은 확인되었지만, 반복 실험 결과 재현성이 떨어지는 것을 확인하였다. 이것은 외부에서 식각한 후 건조기로 이동할 때 식각용 용매가 기화하여 구조물이 점착되는 문제가 발생하기 때문이었다. 본 연구에서는 이 문제를 개선하기 위하여 웨이퍼를 이동시키지 않고, 고압 건조기 내에서 초임계 이산화탄소를 이용하여 미세전자기계시스템 웨이퍼의 식각, 세정 및 건조공정을 연속적으로 수행하고자 하였다. 또한, 연속공정 수행 시 식각 공정에서 사용하는 이산화탄소의 상태(기체, 액체, 초임계상태)에 따른 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 기체 이산화탄소를 이용하여 식각하는 경우(3 MPa, $25^{\circ}C$)에는 점착 없는 식각, 세정 및 건조를 할 수 있었고 반복 실험을 통하여 공정의 최적화 및 재현성을 확인하였다. 또한 기존의 2단계로 이루어진 공정에 비해 세정용 용매의 양을 절감 할 수 있었다. 액체 이산화탄소를 이용하여 식각하는 경우(3 MPa, $5^{\circ}C$) 액체 이산화탄소와 식각용 공 용매(아세톤)간의 층 분리가 일어나 완전한 식각이 이루어지지 않았다. 초임계 이산화탄소를 이용하여 식각 하는 경우(7.5 MPa, $40^{\circ}C$) 점착 없는 식각, 세정 및 건조를 할 수 있었고 기존 2단계 공정에 비해 세정용 용매의 절감 뿐 아니라 기체 이산화탄소를 이용한 연속공정에 비하여 공정시간도 단축시킬 수 있었다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.187-195
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• 2019

In December 2015, The Paris Agreement was adopted to undertake ambitious efforts to combat climate change. Korean government announced its goal of reducing the country's greenhouse gas emissions by up to 37% below business as usual projections by 2030 in 2015. The purpose of this study was to set up the calculation methodology of GHG emission($CO_{2e}$) in building sector and to estimate the annual GHG emission in building sector based on national energy consumption statistic. The GHG emission from buildings is about 135.8 million ton $CO_{2e}$ as of 2015, taking up about 19.6% of Korea's entire emission and is about 144.7 million ton $CO_{2e}$ in 2017. The GHG emission of building sector is increasing at annual rate of 2.0% from 2001 to 2017. The GHG emission from electricity consumption in buildings is 91.8 million ton $CO_{2e}$ in 2017, is the highest $CO_2$ emission by energy source. The results show that the intensity of GHG emission of residential building sector is $40.6kg-CO_{2e}/m^2{\cdot}yr$ and that of commercial building sector is $68.4kg-CO_{2e}/m^2{\cdot}yr$.