• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.185-196
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• 2016

New multiband BVRI light curves of NSVS 1461538 were obtained as a byproduct during the photometric observations of our program star PV Cas for three years from 2011 to 2013. The light curves indicate characteristics of a typical W-subtype W UMa eclipsing system, displaying a flat bottom at primary eclipse and the O'Connell effect, rather than those of an Algol/b Lyrae eclipsing variable classified by the northern sky variability survey (NSVS). A total of 35 times of minimum lights were determined from our observations (20 timings) and the SuperWASP measurements (15 ones). A period study with all the timings shows that the orbital period may vary in a sinusoidal manner with a period of about 5.6 yr and a small semi-amplitude of about 0.008 day. The cyclical period variation can be interpreted as a light-time effect due to a tertiary body with a minimum mass of 0.71 M_⊙. Simultaneous analysis of the multiband light curves using the 2003 version of the Wilson-Devinney binary model shows that NSVS 1461538 is a genuine W-subtype W UMa contact binary with the hotter primary component being less massive and the system shows a low mass ratio of q(m_c/m_h)=3.51, a high orbital inclination of 88.7°, a moderate fill-out factor of 30 %, and a temperature difference of ΔT=412 K. The O'Connell effect can be similarly explained by cool spots on either the hotter primary star or the cool secondary star. A small third-light corresponding to about 5 % and 2 % of the total systemic light in the B and V bandpasses, respectively, supports the third-body hypothesis proposed by the period study. Preliminary absolute dimensions of the system were derived and used to look into its evolutionary status with other W UMa binaries in the mass-radius and mass-luminosity diagrams. A possible evolution scenario of the system was also discussed in the context of the mass vs mass ratio diagram.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.88-92
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• 2008

Infection of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) gives rise to a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations in children. Although renal involvement is rare, diverse renal manifestations are known from hematuria to acute renal failure. Secondary membranous nephropathy(MN) associated with systemic EBV infection is an uncommon renal pathology and only two cases have been reported. We are adding another case of MN associated with EBV infection in a child. An 8-year-old girl was admitted for renal biopsy. She had been followed up for microscopic hematuria and intermittent proteinuria for 5 months. There had been no specific findings in serology and radiology. Tonsil biopsy had been done due to exudative tonsillar hypertrophy and enlarged multiple cervical lymph nodes. And it showed EBV-associated lymphoproliferative findings. Serologic tests for EBV showed positive evidence of recent infection; viral capsid antigen(VCA) IgM was borderline positive, VCA IgG and early antigen IgG were positive, and EB nuclear antigen IgG was negative. In Situ Hybridization of tonsil for EBV mRNA was positive. Because her proteinuria and hematuria were aggravated at that time(protein 3 +, RBC >60/HPF), renal biopsy was done. Renal biopsy showed the findings of MN, characterized by thickened capillary walls with epimembranous spikes on light microscopy and subepithelial, mesangial and subendothelial electron dense deposits on electron microscopy. On immunofluorescence microscopy, IgG, C1q, kappa and lambda chains were positive. After steroid administration, proteinuria and hematuria resolved gradually within 6 months.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.9A
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• pp.1048-1057
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• 2004

WCDMA system is 3rd generation wireless mobile system specified by 3GPP. In WCDMA downlink, two power control schemes are operated. One is inner loop power control operated m every slot Another is outer loop power control based on one frame time. Base staion (BS) can estimate proper transmission power by these two power control schemes. However, because each MS's transmission power makes a severe effect on BS's performance, BS cannot give excessive transmission power to the speclfic user 3GPP defined Power Control Dynamic Range (PCDR) to guarantee proper BS's performance. In this paper, we propose Adaptive PCDR algorithm. By APCDR algorithm, Radio Network Controller (RNC) can estimate each MS's current state using received signal to interference ratio (SIR) APCDR algorithm changes MS's maximum code channel power based on frame. By proposed scheme, each MS can reduce wireless channel effect and endure outages in cell edge. Therefore, each MS can obtain better QoS. Simulation result indicate that APCDR algorithm show more attractive output than fixed PCDR algorithm.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.112-122
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• 2016

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an effective tool for the study of soybean gene function. Successful VIGS depends on the interaction between virus spread and plant growth, which can be influenced by environmental conditions. Recently, we developed a new VIGS system derived from the Soybean yellow common mosaic virus (SYCMV). Here, we investigated several environmental and developmental factors to improve the efficiency of a SYCMV-based VIGS system to optimize the functional analysis of the soybean. Following SYCMV: Glycine max-phytoene desaturase (GmPDS) infiltration, we investigated the effect of photoperiod, inoculation time, concentration of Agrobacterium inoculm, and growth temperature on VIGS efficiency. In addition, the relative expression of GmPDS between non-silenced and silenced plants was measured by qRT-PCR. We found that gene silencing efficiency was highest at a photoperiod of 16/8 h (light/dark) at a growth temperature of approximately $27^{\circ}C$ following syringe infiltration to unrolled unifoliolate leaves in cotyledon stage with a final SYCMV:GmPDS optimal density $(OD)_{600}$ of 2.0. Using this optimized protocol, we achieved high efficiency of GmPDS-silencing in various soybean germplasms including cultivated and wild soybeans. We also confirmed that VIGS occurred in the entire plant, including the root, stem, leaves, and flowers, and could transmit GmPDS to other soybean germplasms via mechanical inoculation. This optimized protocol using a SYCMV-based VIGS system in the soybean should provide a fast and effective method to elucidate gene functions and for use in large-scale screening experiments.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.785-794
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• 2016

This research was conducted to evaluate quality changes in traditional Doenjang and manufactured Doenjang during a storage period of 8 weeks. Low-salt Doenjang and commercial Doenjang were purchased from different manufacturers and proximate analysis as well as changes in isoflavone, polyphenol, flavonoid contents of the samples were investigated using a mass spectrophotometer. The salinity of traditional Doenjang, low salt Doenjang, and commercial Doenjang were $13.2{\pm}1.15$, $7.17{\pm}2.74$, $10.67{\pm}0.35%$, respectively and the salt concentrations of the soybean pastes did not change during storage. After 8 weeks at $35^{\circ}C$, chromatic values of all the paste samples decreased somewhat, with traditional Doenjang exhibiting fewer changes as compared to manufactured Doenjang. Amino acid nitrogen, acidity, microbial population all tended to increase with time, although some samples showed fluctuations during the test period. Moreover, the total isoflavone contents of traditional Doenjang increased with storage time while that of manufactured Doenjang tended to decrease. The isoflavone aglycone was shown to be the highest in traditional Doenjang, while isoflavone glycoside was abundant in manufactured Doenjang. Total flavonoid contents showed similar trends regardless of samples; initial contents of total flavonoid was 0.6 mg/g which increased to more than twice to 1.4 mg/g at the end of storage period. Composition profile of Doenjang extracts was analyzed using UPLC-Q-ToF.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.486-492
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• 2015

Drug metabolism mostly occurs in the liver. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a drug-metabolizing enzyme that is responsible for many important drug metabolism reactions. Recently, the US FDA and EU EMA have suggested that CYP enzyme induction can be measured by both enzymatic activity and mRNA expression. However, these experiments are time-consuming and their interassay variability can lead to misinterpretations of the results. To resolve these problems and establish a more powerful method to measure CYP induction, we determined CYP induction by using luminescent assay. Luminescent CYP assays link CYP enzyme activity to firefly luciferase luminescence technology. In this study, we measured the induction of CYP isozymes (1A2, 2B6, 2C9, and 3A4) in cryopreserved human hepatocytes (HMC424, 478, and 493) using a luminometer. We then examined the potential induction abilities (unknown so far) of mesalazine, a drug for colitis, and mosapride citrate, which is used as an antispasmodic drug. The results showed that mesalazine promotes CYP2B6 and 3A4 activities, while mosapride citrate promotes CYP1A2, 2B6, and 3A4 activities. Luminescent CYP assays offer rapid and safe advantages over LC-MS/MS and qRT-PCR methods. Furthermore, luminescent CYP assays decrease the interference between the optical properties of the test compound and the CYP substrates. Therefore, luminescent CYP assays are less labor intensive, rapid, and can be used as robust tools for high-throughput CYP screening during early drug discovery.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.291-297
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• 2007

The field emission properties of CNT-emitters coated with Ag-Cu alloy have been investigated. The vertical aligned multi-walled CNTs were synthesized by dc-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (dc-PECVD) and the Ag-Cu alloy was coated by using dc-magnetron sputter. The morphology of alloy-coated and un-coated CNT-emitters was observed by using SEM and their field emission properties were also measured. Annealing the AgCu-coated CNTs at temperature more than ${\sim}700^{\circ}C$, the Ag-Cu alloy was diffused to and aggregated on the top of the CNT as a Q-tip. A significant progress on the field emission was not observed with coating Ag-Cu alloy on the CNTs, but a certain improvement in a resistance against oxygen gas was made confirmation. It seems to be due to inertness of Ag-Cu alloy on the CNTs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.23.1-23.17
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• 2016

Background: The functionality of myofibrillar proteins is a major factor influencing the quality attributes of muscle foods. Nonetheless, the relationships between muscle type and oxidative changes in chevon during ageing are meagrely elucidated. Postmortem changes in antioxidant status and physicochemical properties of glycolytic gluteus medius (GM) and oxidative infraspinatus (IS) muscles in goats were compared. Methods: Twenty Boer bucks (9-10 months old, body weight of $36.9{\pm}0.725kg$) were slaughtered and the carcasses were subjected to chill storage ($4{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$). Analyses were conducted on GM and IS muscles sampled on 0, 1, 4 and 7 d postmortem. Results: Chill storage did not affect the antioxidant enzyme activities in both muscles. The IS had greater (P < 0.05) superoxide dismutase and catalase activities than GM. Carotenoid and tocopherol contents did not differ between muscles but decreased (P < 0.05) over storage. The IS had higher (P < 0.05) glycogen and ultimate pH and lower (P < 0.05) shear force and cooking loss than GM. The carbonyl content, % metmyoglobin, drip loss and TBARS increased (P <0.05) while free thiol, metmyoglobin reducing activity (MRA), shear force and myoglobin decreased (P < 0.05) over storage. Muscle type had no effect (P > 0.05) on free thiol, MRA and TBARS. The GM had lower (P < 0.05) redness on d 0 and 1 than IS while the IS had greater carbonyl, % metmyoglobin and drip loss than GM on d 7. The reflective density of slow myosin heavy chain (MHC) was higher (P < 0.05) while the density of fast MHC and actin was lower (P < 0.05) in IS than GM. Regardless of muscle type, the density of MHC decreased (P < 0.05) while that of actin was stable over storage. Nonetheless, the degradation of fast and slow MHC was greater (P < 0.05) in IS than GM. Muscle type had no effect (P > 0.05) on consumer preference for flavour, juiciness and overall acceptability. However, IS had higher (P < 0.05) tenderness score than GM on d 1 and 4 postmortem. Intramuscular fat was higher (P< 0.05) in IS compared with GM. Fatty acid composition did not differ between the muscles. However, GM had lower (P < 0.05) n-6/n-3 ratio than IS. The n-3 and n-6 PUFA declined (P < 0.05) while the SFA increased (P < 0.05) over storage. Conclusion: The changes in myofibrillar proteins and physicochemical properties of goat meat during postmortem chill storage are muscle-dependent.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.77-79
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• 2002

The urea cycle, consisting of a series of six enzymatic reactions, plays key roles to prevent the accumulation of toxic nitrogenous compound and synthesize arginine de novo. Five well characterized diseases have been described, resulting from an enzymatic defect in the biosynthesis of one of the normally expressed enzyme. This presentation will focus on two representative diseases; ornithine transcarbamylase(OTC) deficiency and citrullinemia(argininosuccinate synthetase deficiency). OTC deficiency is one of the most common inborn error of urea cycle, which is inherited in X-linked manner. We identified 17 different mutations in 20 unrelated Korean patients with OTC deficiency; L9X, R26P, R26X, T44I, R92X, G100R, R141Q, G195R, M205T, H214Y, D249G, R277W, F281S, 853 del C, R320X, V323M and 10 bp del at nt. 796-805. These mutations occur at well conserved nucleotide sequences across species or CpG hot spot. The L9X and R26X lead to the disruption of leader sequences, required for directing mitochondrial localization of the OTC precursor. Their phenotypes are severe, and neonatal onset. The G100R, R277W and V323M mutations were uniquely identified in patients with late onset OTC deficiency. The other genotypes are associated with neonatal onset. Out of 20 patients with OTC deficiency, only 6 patients are alive; two were liver transplanted, and normal in growth and development at 2, 4 years after transplantation respectively. Citrullinemia is an autosomal recessive disease, caused by the mutations in the argininosuccinate synthetase(ASS) gene. We identified in 3 major mutations in 11 unrelated Korean patients with citrullinemia; G324S, $IVS6^{-2}$ A to G, and 67 bp ins at nt 1125-1126. Among these, the 67 base pair insertion mutation is novel. The allele frequency of each mutation is; G324S(45%), IVS6-2 A to G(32%), and 67 base pair insertion(14%). All patients are diagnosed at neonatal or infantile age. Interestingly, two patients presented with stroke like episode. Out of 11 patients, 5 patients died. Among 6 patients alive, one patient was successfully liver transplanted.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.177-183
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• 1993

This study was conducted to obtain the transformed tobacco plants with S. cerevisiae Acid phosphatase gene(PH05) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens and th confirm plant transformation and gene expression. the results obtained were summarized as follows: APase activity of Saccharomyces cereviase NA 87-11A was remarkably showed up as deep red color when assayed by Tohe and Oshima(1974). PH05 fragment, Apase gene, was obtained from pVC727G and the graphically estimated size was about 1.5kb by agarose gel electrophoresis. The sequencing results of 5'end and 3'end of PH05 using dideoxy chain termination method were coinsided with the full length nucleotide already. pBKJ I vector was constructed by isolation of PH05 fragment from pVC727-1 and pBKSI-1 digesred with Sma I and Xba I. Isolated plasmid from transformed A. tumefaciens with constructed pBKJ I when it was electrophoresed with agarose gel. The dosc of tobacco leaf was cocultivated 재소 transformed Agronacterium tumefaciens. Transformed shoots were selected on kanamtcin-containing MS-n/B medium and they were regenerated. The transgenic tobacco plants were elucidated by isolation of genomic DNA and genomic southern hybridization using ${\alpha}-^{32}P$ labelled PH05 fragments. The PH05 in transformed tobacco plants was expressed in leaf, stem and root, and its APase activity was estimated as deep red color by Tohe method.