• Mycobiology
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.166-169
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• 2007

A total of 106 Penicillium species were tested to examine their ability of degrading cellobiose, pectin and xylan. The activity of ${\beta}$-glucosidase was generally strong in all the Penicillium species tested. P. citrinum, P. charlesii, P. manginii and P. aurantiacum showed the higher ability of producing ${\beta}$-glucosidase than other tested species. Pectinase activity was detected in 24 Penicillium species. P. paracanescens, P. sizovae, P. sartoryi, P. chrysogenum, and P. claviforme showed strong pectinase activity. In xylanase assay, 84 Penicillium species showed activity. Strong xylanase activity was detected from P. megasporum, P. sartoryi, P. chrysogenum, P. glandicola, P. discolor, and P. coprophilum. Overall, most of the Penicillium species tested showed strong ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity. The degree of pectinase and xylanase activity varied depending on Penicillium species.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.362-367
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• 1998

사양토, 양토, 식양토의 3가지의 토양을 2' column에 충진한 후 인공 산성비( pH 2.0, 4.0, 6.0) 1200㎜를 처리하여 산성비의 토양내 침투수량에 따른 토양 중 무기양분의 이동 양상과 토양내에서의 환경변화에 대한 시험 결과, 산성비의 토양침투에 따른 토양의 pH 변화는 산성비의 pH가 4.0가 6.0에서는 별 차이가 없었으나 pH2.0에서는 토심별로 큰 차이를 보였으며, pH감소는 사양토> 양토> 식양토 순위였다. 산성비의 토양침투에 따른 토양의 토심별 치환성과 수용성 염기의 용탈양은 Ca> Mg> K 순위였으며, 산성비의 pH2.0에서 가장 많은 양이 이동하였다. 이들 염기들의 평균이동거리를 pH2.0의 산성비 처리에서는 사양토, 양토, 식양토 공히 Mg> Ca> K의 순위였으나, 산성비의 pH4.0인 경우 사양토와 식양토는 Mg> K> Ca, 양토의 경우는 K> Mg> Ca의 순위였다. 인산의 경우 평균 이동거리는 다른 성분에 비하여 매우 짧았으며 산성비의 산도가 증가할수록 증가하였고, 일반 강우 조건에서는 거의 이동하지 않았다.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2008

Let $N{\geq}1$ and p > 1. Let ${\Omega}$ be a domain of $\mathbb{R}^N$. In this article we shall establish Kato's inequalities for quasilinear degenerate elliptic operators of the form $A_pu$ = divA(x,$\nabla$u) for $u{\in}K_p({\Omega})$, ), where $K_p({\Omega})$ is an admissible class and $A(x,\xi)\;:\;{\Omega}{\times}\mathbb{R}^N{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}^N$ is a mapping satisfying some structural conditions. If p = 2 for example, then we have $K_2({\Omega})\;= \;\{u\;{\in}\;L_{loc}^1({\Omega})\;:\;\partial_ju,\;\partial_{j,k}^2u\;{\in}\;L_{loc}^1({\Omega})\;for\;j,k\;=\;1,2,{\cdots},N\}$. Then we shall prove that $A_p{\mid}u{\mid}\;\geq$ (sgn u) $A_pu$ and $A_pu^+\;\geq\;(sgn^+u)^{p-1}\;A_pu$ in D'(${\Omega}$) with $u\;\in\;K_p({\Omega})$. These inequalities are called Kato's inequalities provided that p = 2. The class of operators $A_p$ contains the so-called p-harmonic operators $L_p\;=\;div(\mid{{\nabla}u{\mid}^{p-2}{\nabla}u)$ for $A(x,\xi)={\mid}\xi{\mid}^{p-2}\xi$.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.168-172
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• 2002

출아효모는 주변 환경 pH의 커다란 변화 속에서 적응할 수 있는 효과적인 체계를 지니고 있으며 SHC1 유전자는 알칼리 pH 조건에서 세포의 성장에 필요한 유전자 중에 하나임을 확인하였다. SHC1 유전자의 세포내 pH 조절 기작을 보다 구체적으로 알아보기 위하여 이 유전자가 소실된 돌연변이주를 제조하였다. 성장률의 차이가 나타나는 원인을 세포 내부의 pH 완충능력 결여에 의한 것으로 추측하고 pH 감수성 형광물질인 C.SNARE를 사용하여 외부 pH의 변화에 따른 세포 내부의 pH를 측정하였다. 알칼리 pH 완충효과는 소실 돌연변이의 경우는 야생종 대비 70% 수준을 보였다. 또한 pH 조절에 관여하는 효모세포 내부의 $Na^{+}$과 $K^{+}$의 농도를 원자흡광계를 사용하여 조사한 바, $K^{+}$ 이온의 경우에는 돌연변이주에 비하여 야생형 세포내에 더 많이 존재하는 것으로 나타났으나 $Na^{+}$ 이온의 경우는 별다른 차이점을 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 $K^{+}$ 이온의 조절이 효모에서 세포내 pH조절 기작에 중요하며 SHC1 유전자는 이 $K^{+}$ 이온의 세포내 농도 유지에 관여하고 있다는 것을 제시해 주었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2014

Aberrant DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes has been reported in all major types of leukemia with potential involvement in the inactivation of regulatory cell cycle and apoptosis genes. However, most of the previous reports did not show the extent of concurrent methylation of multiple genes in the four leukemia types. Here, we analyzed six key genes (p14, p15, p16, p53, DAPK and TMS1) for DNA methylation using methylation specific PCR to analyze peripheral blood of 78 leukemia patients (24 CML, 25 CLL, 12 AML, and 17 ALL) and 24 healthy volunteers. In CML, methylation was detected for p15 (11%), p16 (9%), p53 (23%) and DAPK (23%), in CLL, p14 (25%), p15 (19%), p16 (12%), p53 (17%) and DAPK (36%), in AML, p14 (8%), p15 (45%), p53 (9%) and DAPK (17%) and in ALL, p15 (14%), p16 (8%), and p53 (8%). This study highlighted an essential role of DAPK methylation in chronic leukemia in contrast to p15 methylation in the acute cases, whereas TMS1 hypermethylation was absent in all cases. Furthermore, hypermethylation of multiple genes per patient was observed, with obvious selectiveness in the 9p21 chromosomal region genes (p14, p15 and p16). Interestingly, methylation of p15 increased the risk of methylation in p53, and vice versa, by five folds (p=0.03) indicating possible synergistic epigenetic disruption of different phases of the cell cycle or between the cell cycle and apoptosis. The investigation of multiple relationships between methylated genes might shed light on tumor specific inactivation of the cell cycle and apoptotic pathways.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate release characteristics of phosphorus with DO, pH and temperature, to suppose its behaviour with time using mathematical model, and to under-stand its forms with pH. Released SRP was in inversely proportional to DO and it did few release in initial aerobic conditions, but it did actively with decreasing DO concentration. Also, its release was increased with increasing pH and temperature. It was found that relation between time and released SRP concentration was zero order reaction. As compared with k values in various pH and temp., they was $k_{15}>k_{25}$ in pH 6 but was $k_{15} in pH 7 and 8. Considering forms of phosphorus with pH, Resdi.-P & NAI-P increased but Ads.-P & Apt.-P decreased with increasing pH.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-3
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• 2002

A p-n junction was obtained by the deposition of an n-type ZnO thin film on a p-type Zn-doped InP substrate. The Zn-doped InP substrate has been made by the diffusion of Zn with sealed ampoule technique. The ZnO deposition process was performed by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The p-n junction was formed and showed typical I-V characteristics. We will also discuss about the realization of an ultraviolet light-emitting diode (LED). The structure of n-ZnO/p-Zn-doped InP could be a good candidate for the realization of an ultraviolet light-emitting diode or an ultraviolet laser diode.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2016

Phosphorus (P) removal by aluminum sulfate solution was investigated with varying pH and initial P concentrations. P removal was the highest at around pH 6. The pH range where P removal occurred was slightly wider at higher initial P concentrations. Compared to theoretical calculations, it was confirmed that $AlPO_4$ precipitation was the main reason for P removal at low pH. At high pH, where there should be no $AlPO_4$ precipitates, the P removal by adsorption of amorphous $Al(OH)_3$ precipitates was experimentally observed. The P removal by adding amorphous $Al(OH)_3$ precipitates prepared before the adsorption experiments, however, was lower than that by injecting aluminum sulfate solution because the prepared precipitates became larger, leading to less specific surface area available for adsorption. Ions other than sulfate had little influence on P removal.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.251-260
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• 2006

During mitosis, genomic integrity is maintained by the proper coordination of anaphase entry and mitotic exit via mitotic checkpoints. In budding yeast, mitotic exit is controlled by a regulatory cascade called the mitotic exit network (MEN). The MEN is regulated by a small GTPase, Tem1p, which in turn is controlled by a two-component GAP, Bfa1p-Bub2p. Recent results suggested that phosphorylation of Bfa1p by the polorelated kinase Cdc5p is also required for triggering mitotic exit, since it decreases the GAP activity of Bfa1p-Bub2p. However, the dispensability of GEF Lte1p for mitotic exit has raised questions about regulation of the MEN by the GTPase activity of Tem1p. We isolated a Bfa1p mutant, $Bfa1p^{E438K}$, whose overexpression only partially induced anaphase arrest. The molecular and biochemical functions of $Bfa1p^{E438K}$ are similar to those of wild type Bfa1p, except for decreased GAP activity. Interestingly, in $BFA1^{E438K}$ cells, the MEN could be regulated with nearly wild type kinetics at physiological temperature, as well as in response to various checkpoint-activating signals, but the cells were more sensitive to spindle damage than wild type. These results suggest that the GAP activity of Bfa1p-Bub2p is responsible for the mitotic arrest caused by spindle damage and Bfa1p overproduction. In addition, the viability of cdc5-2 ${\Delta}bfa1 $ cells was not reduced by $BFA1^{E438K}$, suggesting that Cdc5p also regulates Bfa1p to activate mitotic exit by other mechanism(s), besides phosphorylation.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the association of schizophrenia and P1320, P1325, P1635, P1655, P1763 and SNP A polymorphisms on dystrobrevin binding protein 1(DTNBP1) gene in Korean patients. Methods : We analyzed P1320, P1325, P1635, P1655, P1763 and SNP A polymorphisms on DTNBP1 gene from their DNAs extracted from their blood in 388 Korean schizophrenic patients (male 198, female 190) and 372 control subjects(male 247, female 125). We compared the differences of genotype and allele distributions of the six polymorphisms on DTNBP1 gene between the Korean schizophrenic patient group and the normal control group. Results : There were no statistically significant differences of genotype and allele distributions of the P1320, P1325, P1635, P1655, P1763 and SNP A polymorphisms on DTNBP1 gene between the schizophrenic patient group and the normal control group. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that P1320, P1325, P1635, P1655, P1763 and SNP A polymorphism on DTNBP1 gene do not have influence on the risk of the schizophnenic in the Korean population.