• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.649-656
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• 2010

Boron-doped $TiO_2$ photocatalysts were synthesized by a modified sol-gel method and their photocatalytic activities were performed and compared with those of pure synthetic and commercial $TiO_2$ catalysts under UV or visible light conditions. Pure $TiO_2$ itself exhibited very negligible photocatalytic performance under visible light conditions in the aspects of toluene decomposition reactions, although significant decomposition potential was observed as expected with UV light conditions. However, boron doping over $TiO_2$ significantly improved photocatalytic activity particularly under visible conditions, where over 95% degradation of toluene was achieved with 1wt% $B-TiO_2$ within 2 hrs. All the decomposition reactions seemed to follow pseudo first-order kinetics. The effects of boron-doping and its characteristics are further discussed through the kinetic studies and comparison of results.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• 제67권
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• pp.486-496
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• 2018

Bimetallic Pd@Ni nanostructure exhibited enhanced co-catalytic activity for the selective hydrogenation of benzaldehyde compare to their monometallic counterparts. Impregnation of these mono/bimetallic nanostructures on mesoporous $TiO_2$ leads to several surface modifications. The bimetallic PNT-3 ($Pd_3@Ni_1/mTiO_2$) exhibited large surface area ($212m^2g^{-1}$), and low recombination rate of the charge carriers ($e^--h^+$). The hydrogenation reaction was analyzed under controlled experiments. It was observed that under UV-light irradiations and saturated hydrogen atmosphere the bimetallic PNT-3 photocatalyst display higher rate constant $k=5.31{\times}10^{-1}h^{-1}$ owing to reduction in the barrier height which leads to efficiently transfer of electron at bimetallic/$mTiO_2$ interface.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2006

Upon $UV/O_3$ irradiation cellulose acetate (CA) films showed modified surface properties such as increased hydrophilicity and surface roughness as well as increased dyeability to cationic dyes. UV treatment induced photoscission of acetyl groups in the main chain of CA resulting in decreased degree of substitution from 2.2 to 1.3. The slight decreases in reflectance and transmittance were caused by remarkably increased nano-scale surface roughness of the CA surface as much as 20-fold, which can destructively interfere with visible lights of wavelength lower thu 500nm. Water contact angle decreased from $54^{\circ}\;to\;14^{\circ}$ with increasing UV energy. Surface energy also increased slightly. The surface energy change was attributed to significant contribution of polar component rather than nonpolar component indicating surface photooxidation of CA film. The increased dyeability to cationic dyes in terms of both K/S and %E may be due to photochemically introduced anionic and dipolar dyeing sites on the film surfaces.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1205-1214
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• 2018

During the past few decades, significant increase in the consumption of coffee has led to rapid increase in the production of coffee waste in South Korea. Spent coffee waste is often treated as a general waste and is directly disposed without the necessary treatment. Spent Coffee Grounds (SCGs) can release several organic contaminants, including caffeine. In this study, leaching tests were conducted for SCGs and oxidative degradation of caffeine were also conducted. The tested SCGs contained approximately 4.4 mg caffeine per gram of coffee waste. Results from the leaching tests show that approximately 90% of the caffeine can be extracted at each step during sequential extraction. Advanced oxidation methods for the degradation of caffeine, such as $UV/H_2O_2$, photo-Fenton reaction, and $UV/O_3$, were tested. UV radiation has a limited effect on the degradation of caffeine. In particular, UV-A and UV-B radiations present in sunlight cause marginal degradation, thereby indicating that natural degradation of caffeine is minimal. However, $O_3$ can cause rapid degradation of caffeine, and the values of pseudo-first order rate constants were found to be ranging from $0.817min^{-1}$ to $1.506min^{-1}$ when the ozone generation rate was $37.1g/m^3$. Additionally, the degradation rate of caffeine is dependent on the wavelength of irradiation.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제10권S_3호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2001

In recent years, rapid technological advances in the textile and dyeing industry have yielded benefits to society but have also generated new and significant environmental problems. The treatment alternatives applicable for the removal of color vary, depending upon the type of dye wastewater Advanced oxidation processes are considered to provide more permanent merits. One of these oxidation treatments attracting much attention is photocatalytic oxidation, which uses TiO$_2$ due to its non-toxic, insoluble liquid as well as a highly reactive nature under UV irradiation. This study sets out to demonstrate the effect of photocatalyst dosage, dye concentrations, pH and light intensity on color removal efficiency under aerobic conditions. The results of this study show Rhodamine B(RhB) was not decolorized when a dye solution was exposed only to air or treated by TiO$_2$ only In the presence of both TiO$_2$ and UV light, however, the presence of RhB decreased up to 95 % within 60minutes. The more addition TiO$_2$ and the more diluted dye solution, showed a higher removal rate.

• 반도체공학회 논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 SnO₂ 나노입자와 Pd 금속의 이중층으로 구성된 촉매층을 갖는 AlGaN/GaN 이종접합 기반의 상온동작 수소센서를 제작하여 해당 센서의 안정성 개선 연구를 수행하였다. 제작된 센서를 고온 환경이 아닌 상온에서 수소에 노출 및 차단을 반복하며 동작 시켰을 때 시간에 따라 대기전류가 감소하는 불안정한 전류 드리프트 (current drift) 현상이 발생하였지만, 자외선 (UV) 조사를 함께 진행하면서 반복 측정을 하였을 때 해당 불안정성의 가시적인 개선 효과를 이루었다.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2004년도 International Conference Global Environmental Problems and their Health Consequences
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• pp.146-150
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• 2004

Degradation efficiency of pentachlorophenol (PCP) by using direct UV photolysis and $TiO_2$ photocatalysis was evaluated with both chemical analyses and acute toxicity assessment employing luminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri. PCP was chosen as a target compound in this study because of its wide application as fungicide, bactericide, insecticide and wood preservative in agriculture and many industries, in addition to its well-known environmental consequences. The acute toxicity to the microbe was reduced by >60% when applying UV alone, and was completely removed when treated with $UV-TiO_2$ combinations. Toxicity reduction pattern determined with the Microtox Assay generally corresponds with the chemistry data: However, it should be noted that toxicity was greater than expected by the chemistry data. Formation of TCBQ, a toxic byprodut, could not explain observed microbial toxicity. These observations are probably due to the presence of unidentified toxic PCP byproducts, which may include polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans. When Microtox results were compared between different exposure time, i.e.,5 min and 15 min, an interesting pattern was noted with $UVA-\;TiO_2$ treatment. While no microbial toxicity was observed with 5 min exposure, an EC50 value of 45.4% was estimated with 15 min exposure, which was not observed in $UVB-\;TiO_2$ exposure. This result may suggest the presence of unidentified toxic degradation products generated in the later stage of treatment. Based on this study, $TiO_2$ photocatalyst, together with UVB photolysis could improve the removal of both PCP and its toxic derivatives in more efficient way. The Microtox Assay is promising and economical method for monitoring efficiency of wastewater treatment processes.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2010

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have advantages to reduce the processing time and mineralize contaminants dissolved in groundwater. Recently, remediation techniques for organic contamination in groundwater have been studied, and technology using $UV/H_2O_2$ is generally accepted as one of the most powerful and reliable alternative for the remediation of groundwater contamination. In this study, $UV/H_2O_2$ technology, which generates hydroxyl radical ($\cdot$ OH) as known for strong non-selective oxidant, was used to degrade chlorinated solvents (TCE and PCE), and it was expanded to apply continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system (i.e. combinations of three CSTR). The tested parameters for CSTR system were retention time and groundwater/$H_2O_2$ injection volume ratio. To find optimum parameters for CSTR system, various retention time (6 min ~ 90 min) and groundwater/$H_2O_2$ injection volume ratio (5/1 ~ 119/1) were tested. Other conditions for CSTR were adapted from the batch test results, which concentration of $H_2O_2$ and UV dose were 29.4 mM (0.1%) and 4.3 kWh/L, respectively. Based on the experimental results, the optimum parameters for CSTR system were 20 min for retention time and 119/1 for groundwater/$H_2O_2$ injection volume ratio. Applying these optimum conditions, chlorinated solvents (TCE and PCE) were removed at 99.9% and 99.6%. Moreover, the effluent concentrations of TCE and PCE are 0.036 mg/L and 0.087 mg/L, respectively, which are satisfied the regulatory level (TCE 0.3 mg/L, PCE 0.1 mg/L). Consequently, the CSTR system using $UV/H_2O_2$ technology can achieve high removal efficiency in the event of treatment of groundwater contaminated by chlorinated solvents (TCE and PCE).

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2011

Nano-technology is a super microscopic technology to deal with structures of 100 nm or smaller. This technology also involves the developing of $TiO_2$ materials or $TiO_2$ devices within that size. The aim of the present paper is to synthesize $WO_x$ doped nano-$TiO_2$ by the Sonochemistry method and to evaluate the effect of different percentages (0.5-5 wt%) of tungsten oxide load on $TiO_2$ in methylene blue (MB) elimination. The samples were characterized using such different techniques as X-ray diffraction (XRD), TEM, SEM, and UV-VIS absorption spectra. The photo-catalytic activity of tungsten oxide doped $TiO_2$ was evaluated through the elimination of methylene blue using UV-irradiation (315-400nm). The best result was found with 5 wt% $WO_x$ doped $TiO_2$. It has been confirmed that $WO_x-TiO_2$ could be excited by visible light (E<3.2 eV) and that the recombination rate of electrons/holes in $WO_x-TiO_2$ declined due to the existence of $WO_x$ doped in $TiO_2$.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 1997년도 추계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.77-78
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• 1997

1. 서론 : Polyimide는 내열성과 기계적, 화학적 특성이 다른 고분자막에 비해 뛰어나며 선택도 또한 비교적 높기 때문에($\alpha$= 3-7) 최근 많은 연구가 대상이 되고 있다. 그러나 trade-off현상으로 알려진 바와 같이 선택도가 우수한 고분자 재료는 투과계수가 떨어지고 투과계수가 높은 고분자 재료는 낮은 선택도를 갖고 있기 때문에 보다 광범위한 분야에 실용적인 막으로 사용하기 위해서는 이를 개선하는 연구가 필요하다. 최근의 연구는 높은 투과계수와 선택도를 가진 새로운 고분자 재료의 합성에 관한 연구, 뛰어난 투과계수를 가지고 있지만 선택도가 낮은 고분자막을 대상으로 여러가지 수식방법을 이용하여 투과계수를 감소시키지 않으면서 동시에 선택도를 향상시키기 위한 연구, 우수한 화학적 특성과 선택도를 가진 물질을 대상으로 복합막이나 비대칭막으로 만들어 투과 저항을 극소화시키기 위한 연구 등의 방향으로 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 Polyimide중 가장 큰 투과계수를 가진 것으로 보고된 6FDA-p-TeMPD막(P$_{O_2}$ = 122Barrer, $\alpha$$_{O_2/N_2}$ = 3.4)을 제조하여 분리 투과 특성을 향상시키려는 목적으로 UV처리를 하고 UV조사 시간과 강도(Intensity)를 변수로 투과 특성을 조사하여 가장 뛰어난 투과 특성을 나타내는 최적조건을 찾고자 하였다.