• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.174-186
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• 2007

Amphora coffeaeformis and Achnanthes longipes are commonly found as dominant benthic microalgae in Jeju coastal water throughout the year. In order to investigate pharmaceutical uses of these diatoms, each single species was isolated with micropipette under phase contrast microscope and subcultured with synthetic seawater media which was enriched with F/2 media, trace metal solution and $Na_2SiO_3$). Growth characteristics of these species were also determined with different combination of salinity, nutrients concentration and temperature. Thereafter, mass culture of each species was done based on the maximum growth condition. Biomass was collected after two weeks of mass culture and freeze dried for antioxidant study. The antioxidant properties of different fractions (n-hexane, chloroform and ethylacetate) obtained by solvent fractionation of 80% methanolic extract of two microalgae were investigated for free radical, reactive oxygen species scavenging (Super oxide, Hydrogen peroxide, Hydroxyl radical and Nitric oxide), metal chelating and lipid peroxidation inhibition activities. All fractions of A. longipes showed higher $DPPH^{\cdot}$ (free radical) scavenging activities (n-hexane: 89.0%, Chloroform: 76.0%, Ethylacetate: 66.0%, Methanol: 90.6% and aqueous residue: 63.0%). N-hexane fraction of A. longipes showed significantly higher activity (49.0%) on nitric-oxide. Ethylacetate fraction of A. longipes and aqueous residue of A. coffeaeformis exhibited 64.0% and 75.6% metal chelating activity which was higher than commercial antioxidants (${\alpha}$-tocopherol: 18.0% and BHT: 16.0%). The n-hexane fraction of A. coffeaeformis had 67.5% activity on $DPPH^{\cdot}$. Chloroform and n-hexane fractions of A. coffeaeformis exhibited 46.2% and 47.6% $H_2O_2$ scavenging effects which were closely similar to commercial antioxidants (${\alpha}$-tocopherol: 49.2% and BHT: 58.6%). Chloroform and ethylacetate fractions of A. longipes and fraction of n-hexane and chloroform of A. coffeaeformis showed better lipid peroxidation activities than ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. These data suggest that both organic and aqueous fractions have good antioxidative compounds with different antioxidant properties.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2017

Objectives : Yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) possess various nutrients, it has been widely used as traditional cosmetic material in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-oxidant activity and the anti-melanogenic effect of Yambean (Pachyrhizus erosus) extract and its fractions. Methods : The anti-oxidant activity of yam bean extract assessed based on total polyphenol, flavonoid contents, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay. To evaluate anti-melanogenic effects and cytotoxicity of Yambean extract and its fractions, B16F10 melanoma cell was used. Results : In results, total polyphenol content of yam bean water extract (YW) and Yambean 70% ethanol extract (YE) were $1.18{\pm}0.03mg/g$ (mg of gallic acid/g of sample), $1.16{\pm}0.01mg/g$. Total flavonoid contents of YW, YE were $3.55{\pm}0.06mg/g$ (mg of naringin/g of sample), $1.78{\pm}0.03mg/g$. Moreover, YE scavenged DPPH and ABTS effectively in $4mg/m{\ell}$ compared to YW. Cytotoxicity of YE and its fractions in B16F10 melanoma cell was measured using MTT assays. It had no cytotoxicity up to $500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Melanin accumulation in B16F10 melanoma cell was induced using alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (${\alpha}-MSH$) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). B16F10 melanoma cell treated with $10-500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ YE and hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, $H_2O$ fractions for 24h. Non treated B16F10 melanoma cell (Control) markedly increased melanin contents. In contrast, YE ethylacetate fraction effectively suppressed melanin accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion : In conclusion, these results suggest that Yambean extract has the potential as a cosmetic material which possess anti-oxidant and anti-melanogenic activities.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.613-619
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• 2014

For the development of a hangover soup containing blue mussel, 11 kinds of hot water extracts were prepared - A (mistletoe); B (shepherd's purse); C (arrowroot); D (bean sprout); E (oriental raisin); F (blue mussel); G (blue mussel and mistletoe); H (blue mussel and shepherd's purse); I (blue mussel and arrowroot); J (blue mussel and bean sprout); and K (blue mussel and oriental raisin). Extract C showed the highest effect for increasing the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH); however, the addition of blue mussel did not provide a synergy effect on extract C. Other than the arrowroot-containing extracts (C and I), extract H showed relatively higher ADH ($237.4{\pm}1.7%$) and ALDH ($136.5{\pm}2.1%$) activities. Moreover, extract H showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity ($93.9{\pm}0.1%$) and angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity ($42.7{\pm}1.6%$). The combination of blue mussel with shepherd's purse had a synergic effect on its ADH and ACE inhibitory activities.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.596-605
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• 2023

Sik-hae is a traditional Korean salt-fermented seafood having a low salt content and a high concentration of Lactobacillus, unlike most salt-fermented fish and fish sauce, which have a high salt content and low concentration of Lactobacillus. This study aimed to investigate the health-promoting functional properties of 10 types of commercial sik-haes. The results showed that for the commercial sik-haes studied, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity, and sodium nitrite scavenging activity ranged from 29.0% to 46.3%, 35.5% to 65.4%, 0% to 20.0%, 20.1% to 78.8% , and 17.9% to 82.6%, respectively. Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus was rarely detected. The results on healthy functional properties suggest that the commercial sik-haes are expected on the antioxidative activity in F-1-F-5, AP-1, BES, and S, xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity in the other 9 types expected for A, and sodium nitrite scavenging activity in the other 9 types expected for AP-2.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.141.2-141.2
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• 2015

교류임피던스 측정기법을 이용하여 전기화학적으로 외부환경에서 소재 금속까지 물질 및 전하이동에 관한 임피던스 측정이 가능하며 도막의 부식 및 노화정도 및 내식성의 평가가 가능하여 산업체에서 널리 이용되고 있다. RPCS(Remote Plasma Cleaning Source)는 패널 및 반도체 제조공정에서 CVD 증착공정 후 챔버 내부에 입혀지는 Si(실리콘)을 화학적으로 세정하기 위한 F(불소) Radical을 공급하는 원격 고밀도 플라즈마를 발생시키는 제품이다. RPCS의 바디는 알루미늄을 사용하고 절연 및 플라즈마에 대한 내구성을 확보하기 위해 아노다이징 코팅을 한다. 반응기 내벽의 표면이 공정 플라즈마에 노출될 때 소재는 화학적으로 매우 활성이 높은 라디칼과의 반응뿐만 아니라 이온의 충격을 동시에 받게 되며 이 과정에서 다량의 불소 (Fluorine) 라디칼과 전계에 반응한 이온의 운동에 노출되면서 아노다이징 코팅이 손상되는데 이는 기기의 수명 단축 및 파티클을 발생시키며, Arc의 원인이 되기도 한다. 실제 사용 환경에서는 기기의 분해 없이 아노다이징의 상태를 주기적으로 모니터링 하기가 대단히 어려워, 정기적으로 교체하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 RPCS내 발생된 플라즈마 현상을 컨덕터로 활용하여 고주파 리액턴스를 임피던스로 환산하여 아노다이징 코팅의 손상 정도를 진단 및 모니터링하였다. 아노다이징이 손상된 내부 블럭과 정상상태인 내부 블럭의 임피던스를 비교하였고, 아노다이징 두께별 임피던스를 측정하였다. 그 결과 아노다이징 절연막이 손상된 블록의 임피던스가 정상 블록에 비해 낮았으며 두께별 임피던스도 비례함을 알 수 있었다. 향후에는 장기간 현장에서 축척되어진 시험데이터를 바탕으로 아노다이징 코팅의 수명예측진단 시스템을 구축하고자 한다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.204-212
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• 2023

Whitening is inhibitory activity of the melanin synthesis of melanocytes. Recently, whitening materials have been developed on natural materials because of its side effects on skin. Figs (Ficus Carica L.) is a fruit belonging to the Moraceae family and whitening activity was reported in focusing on the fig's stem and leaf components, but whitening activity of the figs fruit was not known. Thus, in this study, we tried to observe its anti-melanogenesis as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammation. The radical scavenging activity of figs fruits extract (FFE) was observed as the level of 34.52±1.98%/60.71±1.26% compared to the control in the its maximum concentration in the DPPH/ABTS assay. Cytotoxicity of FFE was observed at 10% concentration by CCK8 assay, so the maximum concentration was set at 5% and applied to all experiments. FFE concentration dependently decreased NO production associated with inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α gene expression, these strongly suggesting anti-inflammatory activity. In melanin contents assay, FFE significantly down-regulated melanin production in α-MSH-stimulated B16F10 cell as well as tyrosinase inhibition in vitro. In addition, FFE decreased the Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) mRNA expression about 94.34% compared to the α-MSH treatment group in RT-PCR. Finally, FFE significantly reduced the MITF, cAMP response element-binding protein and tyrosinase protein expression in the α-MSH stimulated B16F10 cell. Through these results, we found that FFE can not only directly inhibit tyrosinase enzyme activity but also suppress melanogenesis through regulation of MITF gene expression in α-MSH signal transduction.