• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.192-205
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate the relative impact of the image of information service on customer's perceived value and satisfaction of R&D information. It also seeks to assess the moderating effect of service users' skills on the value of the service image on the customer. For this purpose, a field study was conducted on users of a public R&D information service called NTIS (National Technology Information Service) in Korea. The findings show that the information service image has a significant impact on customers' perceived value and satisfaction. In addition, customers' perceived value is found to be an important indicator in strengthening customer satisfaction. Findings also reveal that individual personal computer skills moderate the relationship between service image and information value. Further research is needed to strengthen the independent variable in view of the increasing pressure to improve public service quality and customer management.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.645-652
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• 1986

For the analysis of equi-biaxial tension, the Lankford values at the various strain levels were measured experimentally at first. It was clarified that the R values depend on strain to a great extent and based on this result, the analysis of the equi-biaxial tension was carried out. Hill's new yield criterion was used to predict the stress-strain curves theoretically. The value of new parameter, m for the coincidence of the theory with the experiment was 2.1. It is desired that the optimum R-value in the case of m=2.1 is measured at strain, 15% for the reasonable correlation between theory and experiment.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.197-210
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• 2000

Surface roughness is one of implant surface topography and it's found that surface roughness characterizations, such as surface energy, oxide layer thickness and its chemical composition, are closely correlated if the roughness is changed. Several studies showed the importance of analyzing surface structure so the surface structure of thread implant was analyzed to measure the implant quality exactly. In this study, surface roughness of 4 implants - MK $II^{(R)}$(Nobel Biocare), $RBM^{(R)}$(Life-Core, USA), $Osseotite^{(R)}$(3i, USA), $TPS^{(R)}$(Life-Core, USA) - were measured using $Accura^{(R)}$ and 40 implants were installed into 4 sets of ten bovine ribs based on the parameters from the measurements. From this test, the following conclusions for the initial stability were drawn by measuring and comparing RFA, Periotest Value (PTV), Removal Torgue Value (RTV). 1. $R_a$ value in surface roughness measurement was increasing by the order of $MKII^{(R)}$, $Osseotite^{(R)}$, $RBM^{(R)}$, $TPS^{(R)}$ and $R_q$ value was the same order. 2. $R_q$ value in each section was observed to increase by the order of $MKII^{(R)}$, $Osseotite^{(R)}$, $RBM^{(R)}$, $TPS^{(R)}$ in top and $MKII^{(R)}$, $RBM^{(R)}$, $Osseotite^{(R)}$, $TPS^{(R)}$ in mid-section but the value of $MKII^{(R)}$ bottom was the lowest, followed by $Osseotite^{(R)}$, $RBM^{(R)}$ and $TPS^{(R)}$. 3. RFA increased by the order of $RBM^{(R)}$(7042Hz), $MKII^{(R)}$(7047Hz), $Osseotite^{(R)}$(7076Hz), $TPS^{(R)}$(7168Hz) and there was no significance between each group. 4. PTV was increasing by the order of $MKII^{(R)}$(-1.62), $TPS^{(R)}$(-1.92), $Osseotite^{(R)}$ & $RBM^{(R)}$(-2.08) and there was no significance, either. 5. Removal torque in RTV measurement showed the increasing order of $MKII^{(R)}(5.31kgf{\cdot}cm)$, $Oeeotite^{(R)}(5.71kgf{\cdot}cm)$, $TPS^{(R)}(5.92kgf{\cdot}cm)$ and $RBM^{(R)}(7.24kgf{\cdot}cm)$ and there was no significance among groups. Above observations explains that surface roughness does not make any impact on the initial stability of implants installation.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.13-19
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• 2021

In this study, the relationship between R&D investment and firm value was approached from ESG's G(governance) perspective to verify the moderating effect of the corporate governance and ownership structure. To this end, a panel analysis was conducted on a total of 2,825 samples of 405 manufacturing companies listed on the KOSPI market during 2013~2020. The main analysis results are as follows. First of all, we found that R&D investment has a negative impact on firm value, at least in the short term, and that these relationships are moderated by corporate governance and ownership structure. When professional CEO with high level of expertise in business and management does lead R&D investment, the negative impact of R&D investment on firm value is mitigated compared to owner-manager. Also, the stronger the power of outside blockholders, the more transparent the management and disclosure of information, alleviating the information asymmetry between internal and external shareholders, which mitigates the negative impact of R&D investment on firm value. The findings suggest that the factors of ESG may not only have a direct impact on firm value, but also have a moderating effect on firm value.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.05c
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• pp.157-160
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• 2001

We have investigated the Dielectric and Piezoelectric properties of $xPb(R_{1/2}Ta_{1/2})O_3-(1-x)Pb(Zr_{0.52}Ti_{0.48})O_3$ (R=Al,Y) solid solutions in which R ions are substituted for Al and Y ions. The maximum value of electromechanical coupling factor kp of 55% and 51% were obtained at the composition of 5mol% PAT and 5mol% PYT. However mechanical quality factor$(Q_m)$ had a minimum value of 44 and 69 at the composition of 5mol% PAT and 5mol% PYT. Also, the maximum value of piezoelectctric constant of $d_{33}(329[pC/N])$ and $d_{33}(310[pC/N])$ were obtained at the composition of 5mol% PAT and 5mol% PYT.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.2036-2040
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• 2013

Reactions of 4-nitrophenyl 2-thiophenecarboxylate (1a-e) with $R_2NH/R_2NH{_2}^+$ in 20 mol % DMSO (aq) have been studied kinetically. The $2^{nd}$ order kinetics, ${\beta}_{nuc}$ = 0.88-0.98, and linear Hammett and Yukawa-Tsuno plots observed for these reactions indicate an addition-elimination mechanism in which the $2^{nd}$ step is rate limiting. The ${\beta}_{nuc}$ value increased with a stronger electron-withdrawing 5-thienyl substituent, the Hammett plots are linear except for X = MeO, and Yukawa-Tsuno plots are linear with ${\rho}$ = 0.79-1.32 and r = 0.28-0.93, respectively. The ${\rho}$ value increased and r value decreased with a stronger nucleophile, indicating an increase in the electron density at the C=O bond and a decrease in the resonance demand. These results have been interpreted with enhanced N-C bond formation in the transition state with the reactivity increase.

• Korean small business review
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.75-96
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• 2019

This study used age, education, major, working period as CEO's characteristics and examine relationship between these characteristics and R&D Investment. Furthermore this study examined how CEO should react in terms of R&D investment, which is effected by CEO's characteristic in the market. The empirical results are following. (1) When CEO's age are young, they spend much money for R&D investment. And R&D investment which is determined by young CEO has a positive effect on relation of firm value. (2) A higher educational background has a positive effect on R&D investment and will create higher firm value. (3) When CEO's major is competitive in the same industry, it has a positive relationship with R&D investment and its firm value is bigger than though. (4) When CEO working period is long, they showed active to R&D investment. On the other hand, the firm value decreased. This study focused on analyzing the relationship between characteristics of CEO and R&D Investment, furthermore, how R&D investment which effected by CEO's characteristic is contributing in creating the firm value. This results indicate that CEO's characteristics reflect R&D investment and value of venture business. Therefore, CEO's characteristics should be considered financial information and firm value in the market.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.169-176
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• 1988

In order to obtain the objective indices which can assess the quality and the shelf-life of dried squid, nonenzymatic browning, carbonyl value, trimethyl amine (TMA) and trimethyl amine oxide (TMAO) decrease and panel test were determined in dried squid at various water activity levels. When the data of nonenzymatic browning fit a zero order equation, $r^2$ value were more than 0.92 except aw 0.52 for 0.8241. Through variance analysis for the data of browning extent and TMAO decrease, the confidence limits of regression equation were $99\%$ and their limit values of shelf-life were shown 0.45390 O. D./g. solid and 190.322 g/g respectively. In case of TMAO, $r^2$ value was calculated more than 0.95. Linear regression equation for the correlation between browning data and average panel score was Y=0.6138-0.053X and its $r^2$ value was 0.9285. Also in TMAO decrease, the equation was InY=2.0314+0.08269x and $r^2$ value was 0.7854. The shelf-life, evaluated by nonenzymatic browning, TMAO decrease and panel test, was 110-170 days at aw 0.45-0.76 except aw 0.15.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.733-746
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• 2009

For any integer k $\geq$ 2, let P(c, k + 1;q) be the number of all k+1-tuples with positive integer coordinates ($a_1,a_2,...,a_{k+1}$) such that $1{\leq}a_i{\leq}q$, ($a_i,q$) = 1, $a_1a_2...a_{k+1}{\equiv}$ c (mod q) and 2 $\nmid$ ($a_1+a_2+...+a_{k+1}$), and E(c, k+1; q) = P(c, k+1;q) - $\frac{{\phi}^k(q)}{2}$. The main purpose of this paper is using the properties of Gauss sums, primitive characters and the mean value theorems of Dirichlet L-functions to study the hybrid mean value of the r-th hyper-Kloosterman sums Kl(h,k+1,r;q) and E(c,k+1;q), and give an interesting mean value formula.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.5-15
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• 2008

Purpose : This study is a descriptive research to provide basic factors of posttraumatic stress in Firefighters. This study was carried out to develop the effective program for the fire fighters to cope with the posttraumatic stress following the disasters. Methods : The questionnaires were collected among fire fighters who serviced in K and I community from April 1 to June 30 in 2008. Total 304 questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS WIN program for descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient and t-test. Results : 1. 48.0% of 300 fire fighters were at the age of 31-40, and 42.3% were under 30. 2. Work burden had a significant difference of 2.30 in low-risk group, 2.60 in high-risk group(t-value=-3.85, p=0.00). However, life event had no significant difference 0.79 event in low-risk group, 1.41 event in high-risk group(t-value=-2.27, p=0.24). 3. Concerning posttraumatic stress factors, there was positive correlation between mobilization impact level r=0.38(P<0.01), work burden r=0.38(p<0.01), and life event r=0.27(p<0.01). 4. According to the Symptom Check List-Revised(SCL-90-R), somatization had a significant differences(t-value=5.46, p=0.00), obsessive-compulsive(t-value=7.16, p=0.00), interpersonal sensitivity(t-value=6.15, p=0.00), depression(t-value=6.62, p=0.00), anxiety (t-value=7.33, p=0.00), hostility(t-value=5.94, p=0.00), phobia anxiety(t-value=6.85, p=0.00), paranoid ideation(t-value=5.55, p=0.00), psychotism(t-value=6.52, p=0.00) in low-risk and high-risk group. Conclusion : As a consequence, mobilization impact, work burden, and life event were the influential factors on posttraumatic stress. Also, high-risk group revealed significantly higher score on all 9 scales. The information obtained from surveys made recommendation to develop the intervention of stress management to control mobilization impact and posttraumatic stress.