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Physiological Activities of Rubus coreanus Miquel (복분자 딸기의 생리활성)

  • Cha, Hwan-Soo;Park, Min-Sun;Park, Ki-Moon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.409-415
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    • 2001
  • Physiological activities of unripened fruit, ripened fruit and leaf of Rubus coreanus Miquel were examined. Total polyphenolic compound content, electron donating ability (EDA), nitrite scavenging activity and SOD-like activity were examined using extracts of Rubus coreanus Miquel extracted with various extraction solvents such as 80% methanol, 75% acetone and water. The leaf part of Rubus coreanus Miquel included higher contents of total polyphenol compound compared with those of the other sample groups, unripened and ripened fruit. The total polyphenol compound content of leaf (100 g, dry base) extracted with 75% acetone showed the highest value of 5.065.87g. As for EDA, unripened fruit showed over 90% of electron donating ability. No significant difference in EDA was found among the extracts prepared with various extraction solvents, 80% methanol, 75% acetone and water. Rubus coreanus Miquel extracts showed different nitrite scavenging abilities under different pH conditions. The nitrite scavenging abilities at pH 1.2 were in the range of 41.2563.24 whereas they were 1.5910.99 at pH 4.2 and 2.847.94 at pH 6.0. The high levels of SOD-like activities were found in ripened fruit when different extracting methods were applied. Agar diffusion tests were accomplished to examine the antimicrobial activities of the extracts prepared from unripened fruit, ripened fruit and leaf with various extraction solvents. All of the extracts revealed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus whereas no antimicrobial activities were observed against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus.

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Effect of Dietary Fatty Acid and Vitamin E Supplementation in Antioxidant Systmes of the Second Generation Rat Brain Sections (식이지방산 조성 및 비타민 E의 보충이 제 2 세대 흰 쥐 뇌조직의 항산화 체계에 미치는 영향)

  • 황혜진;엄영숙;정은정;김수연;이양자
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.14-22
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    • 2001
  • In this study, we examined the effects of dietary fatty acids and vitamin E supplementation on antioxidant systems in the rat brain regions. The Sprague Dawley rats were fed the experimental diets 3-4 wks prior to the conception. Experimental diet consisted of 10% fat(wt/wt) which were safflower oil(SO, poor in ω3 fatty acids), mixed oil(MO, P/M/S ratio=1.03:1.45:1,ω6/ω3 ratio=6.3) and mixed oil supplemented with vitamin E(ME:MO+500mg vitamin E/kg diet). At 3 and 9 weeks of age of the newborn rats, frontal cortex(FC), corpus striatum(CS), hippocampus(H) cerebellum(CB) were dissected out from the whole brain. Activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-P(sub)x, superoxide dismutase(SOD) concentrations of malondialdehyde(MDA) were mesaured. Dietary fatty acids were not effective in antioxidative system for rat brain. However, when vitamin E was supplemented to the diet(ME), the activities of GSH-P(suh)x tended to increase in comparison to MO group. Therefore, the activites of GSH-P(suh)x of FC and H at the age of 3 weeks showed significant differences(p<0.05). The activities of Total-SOD tended to decrease in ME group compared to MO group. There were significant differences(p<0.05) in FC and CS at the age of 3 weeks. The activities of Mn-SOD tended to increase and Cu, Zn-SOD tended to decrease when vitamin E was supplemented. The activity levels of antioxidative enzymes at the age of 3 weeks and 9 weeks were similar. This suggested that the activity level of antioxidative enzymes reached to the adult level at the age of 3 weeks which is the end point of lactation period. The concentrations of MDA were not altered by experimental diets. When the activities of antioxidant enzymes were compared, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were the lowest in H and FC. In conclusion, the antioxidative system were not altered by dietary fatty acid at the age of 3 weeks and 9 weeks, but the supplementation of vitamin E altered the antioxidative systems. Therefore, these findings should be considered comprehensively in scope of the balance of various antioxidative systems and their interactions(Korean J Nutrition 34(1):14-22, 2001)

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Antioxidant Effects of Sea Tangle Added Korean Cabbage Kimchi in Vitro and in Vivo (다시마를 첨가한 배추김치의 항산화 효과)

  • Ku, Hwa-Suk;Noh, Jeong-Sook;Kim, Hyun-Ju;Cheigh, Hong-Sik;Song, Yeong-Ok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.36 no.12
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    • pp.1497-1502
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    • 2007
  • The antioxidant effect of Korean cabbage kimchi containing 20% of sea tangle (SK) was studied in the rats fed with high fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks. The rats (n=40) were divided into four experimental groups as a high fat diet group (HFD), HFD supplemented either with Korean cabbage kimchi used as experimental control (HCK), with SK (HSK), or with J-kimchi (HJK) that was purchased at the local market. The amount of kimchi supplemented was 10%. DPPH radical scavenging activities of SK were significantly higher than those of CK. Kimchi suppressed the hepatic lipid peroxidation significantly, especially by HSK (p<0.05). Inhibition of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation in HSK was the greatest among the kimchi groups (p<0.05). The activities of CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn-SOD and catalase decreased significantly (p<0.05) by kimchi supplementation. SOD and catalase activities of HSK were found to be the lowest among the kimchi groups. The decreased enzyme activity in kimchi group might be due to the less amount of lipid peroxides produced in the rats fed kimchi diet. The lowest antioxidative enzyme activities observed in HSK were in line with those of hepatic POV and TBARS of HSK. Our findings confirmed that kimchi acted as an antioxidant in the high fat fed rats and its antioxidant effect was significantly increased by the addition of sea tangle.

Investigation of Experimental Acute Ischemic Myocardium with a Microdialysis Appratus (미세 투석기를 이용한 실험적 급성 허혈 심근에 관한 영구)

  • Park, Seong-Dal;Kim, Song-Myeong
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.441-451
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    • 1993
  • Protective effect of superoxide dismutase[SOD] and substrates on acute ischemic and reperfused myocardium was assessed by cardiac microdialysis. 30 Rabbits were divided into 4 groups; normal control group [group I, n=5], ischemic group [group II, n=5], SOD treated group [group III, n=10], and substrates treated group [group IV, n=10]. After a microdialysis apparatus was implanted in rabbit myocardium, coronary artery was occuluded for 5 minutes and reperfusion was performed for 30 minutes. Hemodynamic changes, CK-MB isoenzyme level and adenine ring compound level in effluent dialysates [equilibrated with interstitial fluid], and ultrastructural changes of myocardial cell were analysed. Systolic blood pressure at 10 and 30 minutes after reperfusion was higher in group III and IV than in group II [p<.05]. Also percent recovery of systolic blood pressure in group III [p<.01] and IV [p<.02] was higher than in group II. CK-MB isoenzyme level in effluent dialysates was peaked at 10 minutes after reperfusion, thereafter decreased in group II, III and IV. At 30 minutes after reperfusion, its level was lower in group III and IV than in group II[p<.05]. Adenine ring compound level in effluent dialysates increased till 10 minutes after reperfusion and progressively decreased. At 10 and 30 minutes after reperfusion, its level was lower in group III and IV than in group II without significance. Degree of myocardial damage was estimated by scoring of mitochondrial injury. Group I was within normal range and most severe injury was seen in group II. And the score of mitochondrial injury in group III and IV was lower than in group II. In conclusion, SOD and substrates[KMP solution] had protective effect on stunned myocardium. The microdialysis appratus was a good device for studying stunned myocardium, and cardiac microdialysis might be a unique technique for analysis of regional intramyocardial interstitial fluid.

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The Effect of Superoxide Anion Production by PMN on Pneumocyte Injury in Patients with Bronchial Asthma (기관지천식환자에서 다형핵구의 과산화 음이온 생성능이 폐포세포 손상에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Young-Kyoon;Park, Sung-Hak
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.213-222
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    • 1993
  • Background : Bronchial asthma has been known as an inflmmatory disease. There have been many evidences that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) might play an important role in the pathogrnesis of asthma. Although many investigators suggested that pneumocyte injury by PMN-derived oxygen radicals may contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma, there has been few report for a direct evidence of oxygen radicals-mediated pneumocyte injury in bronchial asthma. Furthermore the exact mechanism of oxygen radicals-mediated pneumocyte injury is still controversy. This study was designed to establish a direct in vitro evidence and its clinical significance of pneumocyte injury by PMN-derived superoxide anion in bronchial asthma and to elucidate the main mechanism of superoxide anion-mediated pneumocyte injury. Methods : 12 stable asthmatics and 5 healthy volunteers were participated in this study. PMN was separated from peripheral venous blood samples by using dextran sedimentation and Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient separation method. Superoxide anion productions by PMN and plasma SOD activities were measured by spectrophotometric assay using the principle of SOD inhibitable cytochrome c reduction. PMN-mediated pneumocyte injuries were measured by 51Cr-release assay using A549 pneumocytes and were expressed as percent lysis and percent detachment. Results: 1) PMN from asthmatics produced more amount of superoxide anion compared to PMN from normal subjects (6.65±0.58 vs 2.81±0.95nmol/1×106 cells, p<0.05), and showed an inverse correlation with FEV1(R=-0.63, p<0.05), but no correlation with PC20 histamine in asthmatics. 2) Plasma SOD activities were decreased in asthmatics compared to normal subjects but not significant, and showed a positive correlation with FEV1(R=0.63, p<0.05) but no correlation with PC20 histamine in asthmatics. 3) There were a positive correlation between plasma SOD activity and superoxide anion production by PMN in normal subjects (R=0.88, p<0.05) but not in asthmatics. 4) PMN-mediated pneumocyte injury was predominantly expressed as cell detachment rather than cell lysis in both groups, and PMN from asthmatics showed more potent cytotoxic effect on A549 pneumocytes compated to PMN from normal subjects. PMN-mediated detachment rather than lysis of A549 pneumocytes was significantly inhibited by in vitro SOD but not by diluted serum. 5) PMN-mediated detachment rather than lysis of A549 pneumocytes showed a good correlation with superoxide anion production by PMN (R=0.90 in normal subjects, R=0.82 in asthmatics, p<0.05) but no correlation with plasma SOD activity. PMN-mediated pneumocyte injuries were not correlated with FEV1 or PC20 histamine in asthmatics. 6) There were no significant differences in PMN-mediated pneumocyte injuries between allergic and nonallergic asthmatics. Conclusion : Our results suggest that pneumocyte injury by PMN-derived superoxide anion may partially contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma and that cell detachment rather than cell lysis may be the mechanism of superoxide anion-mediated pneumocyte injury.

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Comparison of genetic structure of the Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) from Cordyceps militaris, Paecillomyces tenuipes and P.sinensis

  • Park, Nam-Sook;Lee, Sang-Mong;Sohn, Hung-Dae;Jin, Byung-Rae
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.71-74
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    • 2003
  • Superoxide dismutase (SOD), one of the essential element of the antioxidant defense system, mainly removes O10 2 and also prevents O10 2 mediated reduction of iron and subsequent OH10 generation, which is highly toxic to the organism. Of these SOD enzymes, Cu, Zn-containing SOD (SODI) is an important component of the antioxidant defense system in eucaryotic cells. The SODI enzyme binds one copper and one zinc ion and displays the Greek Key β-barrel fuld. (omitted)

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Thermal Dissociation and Conformational Lock of Superoxide Dismutase

  • Hong, J.;Moosavi-Movahedi, A.A.;Ghourchian, H.;Amani, M.;Amanlou, M.;Chilaka, F.C.
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.38 no.5
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    • pp.533-538
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    • 2005
  • The kinetics of thermal dissociation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was studied in 0.05 M Tris-HCl buffer at pH 7.4 containing 104M EDTA. The number of conformational locks and contact areas and amino acid residues of dimers of SOD were obtained by kinetic analysis and biochemical calculation. The cleavage bonds between dimers of SOD during thermal dissociation and type of interactions between specific amino acid residues were also simulated. Two identical contact areas between two subunits were identified. Cleavage of these contact areas resulted in dissociation of the subunits, with destruction of the active centers, and thus, lost of activity. It is suggested that the contact areas interact with active centers by conformational changes involving secondary structural elements.

Cytotoxicity of Environmental Estrogenic Compound, Bisphenol A, via Generation of Free Radicals (내분비계 장애물질인 Bisphenol A의 free radical 생성을 통한 독성발현)

  • 안광현;김봉희
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.175-182
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    • 2003
  • Bisphenol A shares similarities in structure, metabolism and action with DES, a known human teratogen and carcinogen. Bisphenol A, a monomer of polycarbonate and epoxy resins, has been detected in canned food and human saliva. The purpose of the this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity, cell proliferation of bisphenol A In the presence of a rat liver S9 mix, contaning cytochrome P450 enzymes, and Cu (II). In the present study, Bisphenol A in combination with Cu (II) exhibited a enhancement in cytotoxicity which were inhibited by free radical scavengers. The content of malondialdehyde, an end product of lipid peroxidation, was also found to increase with concentration of bisphenol A. Also, we examined the change of CuZn-SOD, Mn-SOD, catalase and GPx activities in the MCF-7 cells exposed to bisphenol A. The activities of CuZn-SOD, CPx, catalase were found to decrease with bisphenol A concentration. Meanwhile, the activity of Mn-SOD was unchanged. This indicated that elevated oxidative stress caused by imbalance between the production and removal of free radicals occurred in cells.

The Effects of Red Ginseng Extracts on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Lipid Peroxidation of the Kidney in γ-Postirradiated Mice (감마선 조사전 홍삼추출물 투여가 생쥐 신장에서 항산화 효소활성과 지질과산화 수준에 미치는 영향)

  • 김동조;장재철
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.25-31
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    • 1994
  • The effects of red ginseng extracts (5.5 mg/mouse: i.p.) on the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase) and lipid peroxidation were studied in the cytosol fraction of kidney. The experiments were carried out with whole-body irradiated (6.0 Gy, 60Co) and non-irradiated ICR mice. In the red ginseng extract-treated and irradiated mice, the activities of Cu, Zn- SOD, Mn-SOD, catalase and peroxidase were significantly enhanced by 27.8, 31.9, 17.9 and 15.0%, respectively, but the contents of malondialdehyde were considerably decreased (81.OfS) after 21 days, compared with those of non-treated mice. The enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes inhibited the increase of malondialdehyde product resulted from the ionizing radiation. These results suggest that red ginseng extracts probably play an important role in radioprotective effect. Key words Red ginseng, SOD, catalase, peroxidase, lipid peroxidation.

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Anti-oxidative Effect of Piperine from Piper nigrum L. in Caenorhabditis elegans

  • Park, Hyun Mee;Kim, Jun Hyeong;Kim, Dae Keun
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.255-260
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    • 2019
  • Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae), which is a well-known food seasoning, has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and anorexia in Korea, China and Japan. Methanol extract from the fruit of P. nigrum was successively partitioned as n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and H2O soluble fractions. Among those fractions the ethyl acetate soluble fraction showed the most potent DPPH radical scavenging activity, and piperine was isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction. To know the antioxidant activity of piperine, we tested the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase together with oxidative stress tolerance and intracellular ROS level in Caenorhabditis elegans. To investigate whether piperine-mediated increased stress tolerance was due to regulation of stress-response gene, we quantified SOD-3 expression using transgenic strain including CF1553. Consequently, piperine enhanced SOD and catalase activities of C. elegans, and reduced intracellular ROS accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, piperine-treated CF1553 worms exhibited significantly higher SOD-3::GFP intensity.