• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.295-302
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• 2017

Mononuclear osteoclast precursors derived from hematopoietic progenitors fuse together and then become multinucleated mature osteoclasts by macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL). Especially, the binding of RANKL to its receptor RANK provides key signals for osteoclast differentiation and bone-resorbing function. RANK transduces intracellular signals by recruiting adaptor molecules such as TNFR-associated factors (TRAFs), which then activate mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), Src/PI3K/Akt pathway, nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) and finally amplify NFATc1 activation for the transcription and activation of osteoclast marker genes. This review will briefly describe RANKL-RANK signaling pathways and key molecules critical for osteoclast differentiation.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2012

The processes of chemical and physical weathering occur simultaneously. The objective of this study was to estimate the degree weathered using fractal dimension through comparison with chemical characteristic of soil samples from Pohang (PH) and Kimpo (KP). Comparing chemical characteristics with fractal dimension, $SiO_2$, $Na_2O$, $K_2O$ content decreased and loss of ignition increased as fractal dimension increased. And fractal dimension showed high correlation with CWI while ATI, STI CIW, PI, CIA and RR demonstrated different degrees of correlation with fractal dimension. The tendency of the changes in oxide content and chemical weathering index with increasing fractal dimension appeared to be similar with the chemical changes due to weathering. Therefore, fractal dimension could be a good indicator representing the extent of weathering and chemical changes.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.2535-2540
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• 2002

ESPI is a noncontact, nondestructive and relatively fast inspection method. For these reasons ESPI is being applied as a valuable tool in the nondestructive evaluation of structural components. Phase shifting ESPI is used more effectively than the traditional ESPI because spatial resolution of small object displacements are improved and numerical phase values are obtained for all pixels in the image. Consequently the quantitative measurement of deformation is possible. ESPI fringe patterns are contaminated with high levels of speckle noise. Therefore the phase image is to be smoothed to remove the noise and obtain a better signal-to-noise ratio. In this study, smoothing is done by phase shifting convolution to avoid smoothing errors close to the 2$\pi$ phase ambiguities in the deformation phase image, and median filter is used as a smoothing filter.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2003.07b
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• pp.807-811
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• 2003

In this paper, the speed control system of induction motor was proposed using vector control algorithm and space voltage vector PWM method to improve the dynamic performance of Induction motor. The control system is composed of the PI controller for speed control and the current controller using space voltage vector PWM technique. The high-speed calculation and processing for vector control is carried out by TMS320C31 digital signal processor and IGBT module. The proposed scheme is verified through digital simulations and experiments for 3.7[kw] induction motor and shows good dynamic performance.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07b
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• pp.1024-1026
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• 2006

This paper designed a robust control of an induction motor using a disturbance cancellation observer of a feedforward control. The speed response of conventional PI controller characteristic is affected by variations of load torque disturbance. In the proposed system, the speed control characteristic using a feedforward control isn't affected by a load torque disturbance. High speed calculation and processing for vector control is carried out by ADMC300 digital signal processor. Validity of the proposed control method is verified through simulation and experimental result.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.45-51
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• 2011

How personality forms and whether personality genes exist are long-studied questions. Various concepts and theories have been presented for centuries. Personality is a complex trait and is developed through the interaction of genes and the environment. Twin and family studies have found that there are critical genetic and environmental components in the inheritance of personality traits, and modern advances in genetics are making it possible to identify specific variants for personality traits. Although genes that were found in studies on personality have not provided replicable association between genetic and personality variability, more and more genetic variants associated with personality traits are being discovered. Here, we present the current state of the art on genetic research in the personality field and finally list several of the recently published research highlights. First, we briefly describe the commonly used self-reported measures that define personality traits. Then, we summarize the characteristics of the candidate genes for personality traits and investigate gene variants that have been suggested to be associated with personality traits.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.295-298
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• 2019

본 논문은 기존의 수동으로 높이 조절만 가능한 단순 의자를 탈피하여 자라나는 아이의 신장과 체형에 맞게 의자 높이를 자동으로 조절해주는 스마트 의자를 제안한다. 본 논문의 주요 특징은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 초음파센서와 무게센서를 사용하여 아이의 신장과 체중을 측정함으로써 신체에 맞게 자동으로 의자의 각도와 높낮이를 조절해준다. 둘째, 센서를 통해 실시간으로 데이터를 수집하여 App 화면에 건강 상태를 보여주고 아이 등급표와 비교하여 아이의 성장률을 가시적으로 보여준다. 셋째, 압력 센서를 이용하여 아이의 자세 상태를 보여주고 App 알림과 데이터 분석으로 아이의 자세 교정에 도움을 준다. 넷째, 신호를 전달하면 지정된 자리로 의자가 자동으로 이동하는 기능을 제공한다. 제안된 시스템은 IoT 기술을 접목함으로써 성장이 빠른 영유아를 키우는 가정을 대상으로 의자 교체에 필요한 비용 절감 효과와 바쁜 현대인들을 위해 아이의 건강관리를 보다 효율적으로 돕는 것을 목표로 한다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.98-101
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• 1980

For the first time we have synthesized thiabenzene radical by the reaction of thiopyrylium cation with alkali metals. As might be expected for a free radical, ESR-spectrum of 2,4,6-triphenylthiabenzene radical shows the single signal with g-value of 2.0045. The proton signal of 2,4,6-triphenylthiabenzene radical in nmr spectrum shifts to the higher field than that of 2,4,6-triphenylthiopyrylium cation by ca. 0.5 ppm. From the UV-spectrum of thiabenzene radical the presence of 6${\pi}$ non-benzenoid aromatic system was observed as in the case of thiopyrylium cation. The reactivity of alkali metals with thiopyrylium cation increases in the order of decreasing ionization energy, Li

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.271-279
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• 1984

Effects of temperature and additives on the stability of actomyosin extracted from skeletal muscle of Israeli carp, Cyprinus carpio nudus, were studied by analyzing free SH-group, ATP-sensitivity and Ca-ATPase activity. The used additives were sucrose, sorbitol, Na-glutamate and L-cysteine. Furthermore, the denaturation constant($K_D$), protective effect(${\Delta}E/M$) and the other thermo-dynamic parameters on protein denaturation are systematically discussed. The actomyosin showed $4.12{\sim}4.68 mg/ml$ in protein concentration, $2.63{\sim}2.93\%$ in ribonucleic acid to the protein, $1:2.20{\sim}2.63$ in the binding ratio of myosin and actin, $4.33{\sim}5.26\%$ in fat content, 109.78 in ATP-sonsitivity, $0.159{\sim}0.201\;{\mu}M-Pi/min/mg-protein$ in Ca-ATPase activity and $3.3{\sim}3.4M/10^5$g-protein in free SH-group content. The first-order rate plots were obtained on the decrease of Ca-ATPase activity and ATP-sensitivity with an increase in temperature, while the free SH-group was increased to $60^{\circ}C$ and decreased rapidly above the temperature. The half-life of Ca-ATPase activity on the actomyosin Ca-ATPase was 280 min at $12^{\circ}C$, 125 min at $20^{\circ}C$, 55 min at $30^{\circ}C$ and 13 min at $40^{\circ}C$, and activation energy, activation enthalpy, activation entropy and free energy of the proteins at $20^{\circ}C$ wene 5,395 cal/mole, 4,814 cal/mole, -40.42 e.u. and 17,626 cal/mole, respectively. The protective effect of the additives on the actomyosin Ca-ATPase showed that the most effective material is $3\%$ sorbitol and followed in the order of $8\%$ Na-glutamate, $1\%$ sucrose and $1\%$ L-cysteine. The actomyosin was more stable at $-30^{\circ}C$ than at $0^{\circ}C$ and $-20^{\circ}C$. and when the additives were used in the low temperature storage, $8\%$ Na-glutamate was the most effective. $3\%$ sorbitol, $1\%$ sucrose and $1\%$ L-cysteine was to become lower in the order.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.196-199
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• 1996

The amplitude LSF(Line spread function, $C_1e^{{o^2}{x^2}}$ or amplitude impulse) of the Gaussian apodized annular pupil is found to be same to that of the full aperture LSF($C_0e^{{o^2}{x^2}}$). $C_0$ and $C_1$ depending on $\sigma$, ${\omega}_0=\frac{2{\pi}}{\lambda}\;\frac{a_0}{l}$ and ${\omega}_0'=\frac{2{\pi}}{\lambda}\;\frac{a_0'}{l}$ which are the geometric parameter and pupil coordinates of the annular pupil. The important inequality relation among ${\omega}_0,\;{\omega}_0'$, a (fraction of diffraction amplitude) and $\sigma$ is obtained. It is $\frac{{\omega}_0}{\sqrt{2}}<{\sigma}{\le}(\frac{1-a}{2a})^{1/2}\;{\omega}_0$, and in the case of $a=e^{-1},\;a_0'{\le}0.34a_0$. The case of λ=0.013${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, l=20 cm, $a_0=5cm$ and $a_0=0.34a_0=1.7cm$ give a Gaussian apodized superresolution ${\Delta}=\frac{\sqrt{log2}}{\sigma}=0.008{\mu}m$ annular pupil with the intensity signal equal to $e_{-2}$ times the signal obtainable by using the full aperture system(a=1)