• Title/Summary/Keyword: $LiMn_{2}O_{4}$

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Fabrication and Electrochemical Characterization of All Solid State Rechargeable Li-Mn Oxide Batteries (리튬-망간 산화물을 이용한 전고상 이차 전지의 제작 및 전기화학적 특성)

  • Park, Young-Sin;Sin, Jin-Wook;Lee, Byung-Il;Joo, Seung-Ki
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.323-327
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    • 1998
  • All solid state lithium based rechargeable batteries were fabricated in a cell structure of Li/PEO-$LiCIO_4$-PC /$LIMn_2O_4$$LIMn_2O_4$ thin films were prepared by RF magnetron sputtering and the spinel structure could be obtained by Rapid Thermal Annealing (RT A) process at the temperature of around 750$750^{\circ}C$ . Room temperature cycling of this cell showed a nearly constant cell potential of 4 V( us. Li) and good reversibility.

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A New Adamantane-like Tetranuclear Manganese(III) Complex Based on Flexible Schiff-base Ligand: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Magnetic Property

  • Zhang, Ran;Ni, Zhong-Hai;Zhang, Li-Fang;Kou, Hui-Zhong
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.35 no.7
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    • pp.1965-1969
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    • 2014
  • A new tetranuclear Mn(III) complex $[Mn^{III}{_4}(sae)_4({\mu}_3-O)({\mu}_{1,1}-N_3)(OH)(H_2O)_2]{\cdot}H_2O$ (1) ($H_2sae$ = 2-salicylideneamino-1-ethanol) has been synthesized by the reaction of $MnCl_2{\cdot}4H_2O$, $H_2sae$ and sodium azide in the mixed solvent of methanol, acetonitrile and water. The X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the four Mn(III) ions in complex 1 have a unique adamantine arrangement, whereas the coordination environment of each Mn(III) ions is different. Magnetic studies indicate that complex 1 manifests antiferromagnetic behaviors. The magnetic susceptibilities of complex 1 have been fitted by two magnetic models based on the suitable analysis of its magnetic structural topology.

Improved Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries using a Multilayer Cathode of LiFePO4 and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2

  • Hyunchul Kang;Youngjin Kim;Taeho Yoon;Junyoung Mun
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.320-325
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    • 2023
  • In Li-ion batteries, a thick electrode is advantageous for lowering the inactive current collector portion and obtaining a high energy density. One of the critical failure mechanisms of thick electrodes is inhomogeneous lithiation and delithiation owing to the axial location of the electrode. In this study, it was confirmed that the top layer of the composite electrode contributes more to the charging step owing to the high ionic transport from the electrolyte. A high-loading multilayered electrode containing LiFePO4 (LFP) and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) was developed to overcome the inhomogeneous electrochemical reactions in the electrode. The electrode laminated with LFP on the top and NCM811 on the bottom showed superior cyclability compared to the electrode having the reverse stacking order or thoroughly mixed. This improvement is attributed to the structural and interfacial stability of LFP on top of the thick electrode in an electrochemically harsh environment.

Analysis for Atomic Structural Deterioration and Electrochemical Properties of Li-rich Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries (리튬이차전지용 리튬과잉계 양극 산화물의 충방전 과정 중 원자 구조 열화 과정과 전기화학 특성에 대한 분석)

  • Park, Seohyeon;Oh, Pilgun
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.97-102
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    • 2020
  • Recently, various degradation mechanisms of lithium secondary battery cathode materials have been revealed. As a result, many studies on overcoming the limitation of cathode materials and realizing new electrochemical properties by controlling the degradation mechanism have been reported. Li-rich layered oxide is one of the most promising cathode materials due to its high reversible capacity. However, the utilization of Li-rich layered oxide has been restricted, because it undergoes a unique atomic structure change during the cycle, in turn resulting in unwanted electrochemical degradations. To understand an atomic structure deterioration mechanism and suggest a research direction of Li-rich layered oxide, we deeply evaluated the atomic structure of 0.4Li2MnO3_0.6LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Li-rich layered oxide during electrochemical cycles, by using an atomic-resolution analysis tool. During a charge process, Li-rich materials undergo a cation migration of transition metal ions from transition metal slab to lithium slab due to the structural instability from lithium vacancies. As a result, the partial structural degradation leads to discharge voltage drop, which is the biggest drawback of Li-rich materials.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes using CdSe-Mn-C60 Nanocomposites

  • Jiulong Li;Jeong Won Ko;Weon Bae Ko
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • v.57 no.4
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    • pp.181-187
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    • 2022
  • CdSe-Mn nanocomposites were synthesized using a microwave method with sodium sulfite (Na2SO3), selenium (Se), cadmium sulfate octahydrate (3CdSO4·8H2O), ammonia solution (NH3·H2O), and manganese (II) sulfate monohydrate (MnSO4·H2O). We obtained CdSe-Mn-C60 nanocomposites by calcining CdSe-Mn nanocomposites and fullerene (C60) in an electric furnace at 700 ℃ for 2 h. X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the crystal structures, lattice vibrations, and surface morphologies of the products, respectively. The photocatalytic activities of the CdSe-Mn-C60 nanocomposites were investigated based on the photocatalytic degradations of organic dyes such as BG, MB, MO, and RhB under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation at 254 nm. UV-visible spectrophotometry was used to confirm the degradation process.

Enhanced Electrochemical Property of Surface Modified Li[Co1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3]O2 by ZrFx Coating

  • Yun, Su-Hyun;Park, Yong-Joon
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.355-359
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    • 2010
  • A $Li[Co_{1/3}Ni_{1/3}Mn_{1/3}]O_2$ cathode was modified by applying a $ZrF_x$ coating. The surface-modified cathodes were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM techniques. XRD patterns of $ZrF_x$-coated $Li[Co_{1/3}Ni_{1/3}Mn_{1/3}]O_2$ revealed that the coating did not affect the crystal structure of the parent powder. SEM and TEM images showed that $ZrF_x$ nano-particles were formed as a coating layer, and EDS data confirmed that $ZrF_x$ distributed uniformly on the surface the powder. Capacity retention of coated samples at high C rates was superior to that of pristine sample. However, as the coating concentration increases beyond the optimum concentration, the rate capability was deteriorated. Whereas, as the increase of coating concentration to 2.0 wt %, the cyclic performances of the electrodes under the severe conditions (high cut-off voltage, 4.8 V, and high measurement temperature, $55^{\circ}C$) were improved considerably.

Yttrium-doped and Conductive Polymer-Coated High Nickel Layered Cathode Material with Enhanced Structural Stability

  • Shin, Ji-Woong;Lee, Seon-Jin;Nam, Yun-Chae;Son, Jong-Tae
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.272-278
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    • 2021
  • In this study, high nickel layered LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries were modified by yttrium doping and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) coating. The effects of yttrium doping and PEDOT:PSS coating on the structural and electrochemical properties of the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode material were investigated and compared. The substitution of nickel with an electrochemically inert yttrium was confirmed to be successful in stabilizing the layered structure framework. Moreover, coating the surfaces of the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 particles with a conductive polymer, PEDOT:PSS, improved the capacity retention, thermal stability, and impedance of the cathode material by increasing its ionic and electric conductivities.

Development of High-Performance LNMO Based Thin-Film Battery through Amorphous V2O5 Interlayer Insertion (비정질 V2O5 중간층 삽입을 통한 고성능 LNMO기반 박막 배터리 개발)

  • Kwon, Oh Hyuk;Kim, Jong Heon;Park, Jun Seob;Kim, Hyun-Suk
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.194-198
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    • 2022
  • All-solid-state thin-film battery can realize the integration of electronic circuits into small devices. However, a high voltage cathode material is required to compensate for the low energy density. Therefore, it is necessary to study all-solid-state thin-film battery based on the high voltage cathode material LNMO. Nevertheless, the electrochemical properties deteriorate due to the problem of the interface between LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) and the solid electrolyte LiPON. In this study, to solve this problem, amorphous V2O5 was deposited as an interlayer between LNMO and LiPON. We confirmed the possibility of improving cycle performance of LNMO based thin-film battery. We expect that the results of this study can extend the battery lifespan of small devices using LNMO based all-solid-state thin-film battery.

Synthesis of ceramic particles by hydrothermal method (수열법에 의한 세라믹분말 합성)

  • 김판채;최종건
    • Proceedings of the Korea Association of Crystal Growth Conference
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    • 1996.06b
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    • pp.219-222
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    • 1996
  • 수열법은 밀폐용기중에서 10$0^{\circ}C$이상의 가열, 가압된 수용액이 반응에 관여하는 것으로써, 수정, CaCO3, AlPO4, GaPO4 등과 같은 단결정의 육성 뿐만 아니라 균일분산계로부터 균일한 결정성의 미립자 합성에도 폭넓게 이용되고 있다. 세라믹분말의 합성에 있어서, 이 방법은 특히 형상, 입자크기의 제어가 용이할 뿐만 아니라 고상법, 졸-겔법, 공침법에서와 같은 열처리, 분쇄과정이 필요없기 때문에 고순도의 초미립자를 얻을 수 있는 장점이 있다. 근년 미국, 일본에서는 수열법을 이용한 유전, 압전체 등 세라믹분말의 일부가 공업적인 규모로 대량 생산되고 있다. 그러나 이에 대한 국내 기술은 아직 초기단계에 이르고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구실에서는 수열법에 의한 단결정 육성 (예; 자수정, CaCO3, AlPO4, GaPO4, KTP, Emerald 등), 박막제조 (예; GaP, PbTiO3, BaTiO3 등), 정제 (고령토, 장석, 도석 등), 원석처리 (진주, 인공 emerald, 비취 등) 그리고 각종 세라믹분말의 합성 등과 같은 다양한 기반기술의 축적과 동시에 공업화에 대응한 수열장치를 위하여 반응용기의 대형화, 엄밀한 밀폐방식, 실용적인 수열조건 등을 개발해 오고 있다. 본 발표에서는 현재까지의 연구개발 내용 중에서 결정성 미립자에 관련한 세라믹분말의 합성에 대한 일부의 결과들을 보고한다. 일반적으로 수열장치는 전기로, 반응용기, 온도 및 압력제어계 등을 기본으로 하고 있으며 시판용의 대부분이 교반기가 부착된 수직형 (vertical type)이다. 이와 같은 방식에 있어서는 엄밀한 밀폐가 곤란, 반응온도의 한계성 (25$0^{\circ}C$ 이하), 증진율의 한계성 (소량생산) 등과 같은 점이 있기 때문에 본 연구실에서는 개폐식 전기로내에 엄밀한 밀폐가 가능한 수평식(horizontal type)의 반응용기를 채택한 뒤 이를 회전 또는 시이소(seesaw)식으로 움직일 수 있도록 하여 연속공정화, 온도구배의 자율조절 그리고 보다 저온에서도 인위적인 이온의 확산을 효율적으로 유도할 수 있도록 하였다. 이와 같은 방식은 기존의 방식과 비교하여 반응용기 내에 응집현상과 미반응물이 존재하지 않으며 또한 단분산으로 결정성 미립자를 대량적으로 얻을 수 있는 장점이 있었다. 다음은 이상과 같이 본 연구실에서 자체 개발한 수열장치를 이용하여 PbTiO3, (Pb,La)TiO3Mn, BaTiO3, ZnSiO4:Mn, CaWO4 등과 같은 세라믹분말에 대한 합성 실험의 결과이다. 압전성, 초전성이 우수한 PbTiO3 및 (Pb,La)TiO3:Mn 분말의 수열합성은 PbO, TiO2, La2O3 등의 분말을 출발원료로 하여 합성도도 25$0^{\circ}C$부근의 알카리성 용액중에서 결정성 PbTiO3 및 (Pb,La)TiO3:Mn 미립자를 단상으로 얻었으며 입자의 형상 및 크기는 합성온도와 수열용매의 종류에 의존하였다. 유전체로서 폭넓게 응용되고 있는 BaTiO3 분말은 Ba(OH)2.8H2O, TiO2와 같은 최적의 출발원료를 선택함으로써 15$0^{\circ}C$ 부근의 저온영역에서도 용이하게 합성할 수 있었다. 특히 본 연구에서는 수용성인 Ba(OH)2.8H2O를 사용함으로써 host-guest적인 반응을 유도시키는데 있어 물의 가장 실용적이고 효과적인 수열용매임도 알았다. ZnSiO4:Mn, CaWO4, MgWO4와 같은 형광체 분말은 공업적으로 고상반응 또는 습식법에 의해 얻어지고 있으나 이들 방법에 있어서는 분쇄공정으로 인한 형광특성의 저하와 같은 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수열법을 이용하여 이들 화합물의 합성을 시도하였으며 그 결과 합성온도 30$0^{\circ}C$ 부근의 알칼리성 용액중에서 수열적으로 얻어짐을 알았다. 여기서의 합성분말을 이용하여 실제 조명램프로 제조한 결과 녹색, 청색 발광용 형광체로서 우수한 형광특성을 나타내었다. 천연에서 소량 산출되고 있는 고가의 (Li,Al)MnO2(OH)2:Co 분말은 도자기의 전사지용 청색안료로써 이용되고 있다. 본 연구실에서는 LiOH.H2O, Al(OH)3, MnO2 등의 분말을 출발원료로 하고 24$0^{\circ}C$ 온도 부근 그리고 물을 수열용매로 하여 천연산에 필적하는 (Li,Al)MnO2(OH)2:Co 분말을 인공적으로 합성하였다.

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