• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.274-277
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• 2006

Nanostructured carbon (nm-C), including carbon nanotubes and nanofibers (CNTs/CNFs) is promising for low-cost field emission display (FED) application. By modification of CNTs/CNFs, uniform CNTs/CNFs can be obtained and used for field emission cathode (FEC) on glass substrate. By screen-printing (SP) and electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process, large area FEC can be obtained. The FED properties are studied and compared. Both SP and EPD FEC show excellent field emission properties, such as low emission field and uniform emission, after optimization the fabrication process. While EPD FEC exhibits better luminescence image. By vacuum sealing, the low cost nm-C-FED prototypes based on EPD cathode have been demonstrated.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.504-508
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• 1991

$1.85\times 10^{-10}$ (mmole/cell/h) of specific glucose consumption rate was obtained under fed-batch cultivation of recombinant mamalian ce11s with maintaining $4.7\times 10^{-7}(\mu g/ceil/h)$ of average specific erythropoeitin production rate. Higher maximum cell density was also achieved than for both cases of batch and perfusion cultivations. It proves that glutamolysis dominates metaboiic pathways at latter period of cultivation where quasi steady state was maintained. Substrate limitation of glucose concentration was estimated as 13 (mmole/l) under fed-batch conditions. while specific product production rate was decreased according to cultivation time, erythropoeitin production was increased as glucose concentration in the media increased up to 13.2 (mole/l).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.1104-1113
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• 2014

The effects of feeding pelleted citrus pulp (PCP) as a natural antioxidant source on the performance and milk quality of dairy cows fed highly polyunsaturated fatty acid (FA) diets were evaluated. Four lactating Holstein cows were assigned to a $4{\times}4$ Latinsquare. Treatments, on a dry matter (DM) basis, were i) control diet; ii) 3% soybean oil; iii) 3% soybean oil and 9% PCP and; iv) 3% soybean oil and 18% PCP. When cows fed on citrus pulp, the DM intake tended to decrease. The total tract apparent digestibility of DM and ether extract decreased when cows fed on the control diet compared to other diets. Cows fed PCP had higher polyphenols and flavonoids content and higher total ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in milk compared to those fed no pelleted citrus pulp. Cows fed 18% PCP showed higher monounsaturated FA and lower saturated FA in milk fat compared with cows fed the other diets. The lowest n-6 FA proportion was in milk fat from cows fed control. The present study suggests that pelleted citrus pulp added to 9% to 18% DM increases total polyphenols and flavonoids concentration, and the FRAP in milk.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.234-239
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• 2001

In order to maximize the RNA accumulation and biomass production is Saccharomyces cerevisiae MTY62, a high-content RNA yeast strain, batch and fed-batch cultures were performed. Among the feeding modes of fed-batch cultures examined, the intermittent feeding mode R\`(IFB-lV), in which 50 ml of 40% molasses and 20% com steep liquor (CSL) solution was intermittently fed for 5 times, resulted in the cell concentration of 33.8 g- dry cell weight/1 and the RNA concentration of 5221 mg-/l, and RNA content of 153 mg-RNA/g-dry cell weight. The constant fed-batch with feeding mode III (CFB-III), in which the feeding rate of 40% molasses and 20% CSL solution was stepwisely decreased from 48 mph (9-13 h), to 24 mph (13-21 h), and to 18 ml/h (21∼ 48 h), gave the highest cell concentration of 42.7 g-dry ceil weigh71 and R7IA concentration of 5536 mg-RNA/1, which were about 2.4-fold and 1.9-fold increased levels, respectively, compared to the results of batch culture. However, the RNA con- tent of 130 mg-RNA/g-dry cell weight of the fed-batch was lower than that of the batch culture (171 mg-RNA/g-dry cell weight) and other fed-batch cultures. When the specific growth rates in the fed-batch cultures were increased, the RNA contents increased. This result indicates that the RNA content is adversely proportional to the cell concen- tration. However, at the same specific growth rate, the RNA content was maintained at higher level in the intermit- tent fed-batch than in the constant fed-batch culture.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.148-152
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• 2014

A mutant strain of Lactobacillus paracasei (ML-7) was derived by ultraviolet irradiation of the parent L. paracasei LS-2 strain, followed by colony selection on pH 3.5 MRS agar plates, on which L. paracasei LS-2 cannot grow. The L. paracasei ML-7 mutant strain produced an increased amount of organic acids compared to the L. paracasei LS-2 parent strain. Broiler chickens were randomly fed with one of three experimental diets: a basal diet as a control, and basal diets supplemented with 0.3% of the L. paracasei LS-2 and L. paracasei ML-7 strains. When concluding the study, the final body weights of the broilers fed with the supplemented basal diets were found to be significantly higher (1.9% for LS-2 and 6.2% for ML-7) than the control broiler group. Broilers fed with basal diet supplemented with the mutant L. paracasei ML-7 strain showed increased body weight and food intake, compared to broilers fed with the basal diet with or without the parent L. paracasei LS-2 strain.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.1114-1125
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• 2021

Supplying a sufficient amount of high-quality colostrum is a prevailing challenge in Hanwoo calf production systems. This study aimed to describe the efficiency of a lacteal-derived colostrum replacer versus natural bovine colostrum (from Holstein) fed to Hanwoo calves. Forty newborn Hanwoo calves (25 males and 15 females; 30.7 ± 3.15 kg body weight [mean ± standard deviation]) were blocked by sex and birth weight and fed either natural colostrum or a commercial colostrum replacer. Calves displayed a narrow difference in the evolution of body weight and structural body dimensions when they received a commercial versus natural colostrum. Minor differences existed in the starter and total dry matter consumption between calves fed natural or commercial colostrum. Although the colostrum source had no significant effects on days to first diarrhea (average of 7.6 days; p = 0.17), the duration of diarrhea was longer in natural colostrum-fed calves (3.2 vs. 4.5 days; p = 0.04). Consumption of natural colostrum resulted in greater mean serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) on day 2 (14.7 vs. 10.8 ± 0.92 mg/mL) and day 7 (8.21 vs. 5.12 ± 0.82 mg/mL) of calf life, resulting in a greater proportion of commercial colostrum-fed calves (50% vs. 15%; day 2) to experience failure of passive transfer of immunity (serum IgG < cutoff point of 10 mg/mL). Overall, growth rate, body frame development, and incidence of diarrheal disease were not different in both groups. These results suggested that the colostrum replacer product tested in this study could be an alternative to natural colostrum derived from Holstein cow in securing calf growth and health in Hanwoo calf-rearing operations.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.345-351
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• 1996

Mass production of resting egg of the rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis was carried out in 1 $m^3$ tank for L-type rotifer and in 1 $m^3$ and 4 $m^3$ tank for S-type rotifer. L-type rotifer was fed on concentrated Chlorella + baker's yeast and only baker's yeast for 15 days. S-type rotifer was fed on concentrated Chlorella in 1 $m^3$ tank for 7 days and frozen Chlorella + baker's yeast in 4 $m^3$ for $6\~8$ days. Total number of resting egg and number of resting egg from $10^8$ rotifers and 1 g dry weight diet for L-type rotifer fed on Chlorella + baker's yeast were $54.5{\times}10^6$ eggs, $30.5{\times}10^6$ eggs and $100{\times}10^3$ eggs, respectively. These were higher than those of rotifer fed on baker's yeast only. Total number of resting egg and number of resting egg from $10^8$ rotifers and 1 g dry weight diet for S-type rotifer fed on concentrated Chlorella in 1 $m^3$ tank were $50\~104{\times}10^6$ eggs, $47\~82{\times}10^6$ eggs and $136\~260{\times}10^3$ eggs, respectively. In 4 $m^3$ tank with frozen Chlorella + baker's yeast, these were $149\~567{\times}10^6$ eggs, $36\~123{\times}10^6$ eggs and $131\~338{\times}10^3$ eggs, respectively. This result suggests that S-type rotifer are better than L-type rotifer for the mass production of resting egg of the Korean rotifer.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.359-367
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• 2003

Supplementary feeding strategies were evaluated from pre-calving throughout lactation on 24 dual-purpose Mpwapwa breed cows in their second or greater lactation, weighing 246-455 kg. The Mpwapwa breed is an established breed of 4 Bos indicus breeds and 8% of Bos taurus. The cows were penned and stall-fed individually. Eight weeks before calving to eight weeks after calving, the cows were divided into two groups and offered hay ad libitum with either 2 kg DM (L) or 4 kg DM/day (H) concentrates. Nine weeks after calving half of the cows on L-level continued with 2 kg DM/day (L-L) while the remainder received 4 kg DM concentrate daily (L-H). Half of the cows on H-group continued with 4 kg DM/day (H-H) while the remainder received 2 kg DM/day (H-L). The concentrate mixture comprised of sunflower seed cake (33%) and maize bran (67%). The cows consumed all the concentrate offered. Hay DM intake was similar (6.8 kg/day) and tended to decrease the last two weeks before calving increased again after calving. Live weight change and body condition score were similar across treatments before calving but differed after calving (p<0.05). Heavier cows with higher condition score pre-calving had a higher body weight loss and regained weight later. After treatment reallocation, live weight change and condition differed between treatments (p<0.05). Calves were allowed to suckle milk from one quarter. The amount of milk suckled and calf weight gains were not significantly different between treatments. The cows were removed from the experiment when the milk yield was below 4 kg per day. Cows on treatment H produced 6.2 kg and on treatment L 5.0 kg saleable milk/day (p<0.05) during the first 8 weeks post partum. During the period 9-18 weeks post partum the saleable daily milk on H-H, L-H, H-L and L-L were 5.2, 4.8, 4.7 and 4.3 kg, respectively (p>0.05).

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2007

The mushroom Lentinus lepideus was used to produce mycelial as well as soluble polysaccharides in bioreactor cultures. To determine optimal submerged culture conditions, both growth characteristics and water soluble polysaccharides production were compared among four different types of bioreactor and culture conditions. For the production of mycelial biomass, the following bioreactors were proven to be effective in decreasing order: an external-loop type air-lift bioreactor (ETAB; 7g/l), a balloon type air bubble bioreactor (BTBB; 6.2g/l), a stirrer type bioreactor (STB; 6g/l), and a column type air bubble bioreactor (CTBB; 5g/l). Maxiaml production of water soluble exopolysaccharides (EPS; 0.62g/l) and endopolysaccharides (PPS; 7.7%) could also be obtained from BTBB. The mycelial biomass increased with increase in glucose concentration from 15g/l to 75g/l in the media. In contrast, PPS contents in the cells decreased with increase in glucose concentration in the media, showing the highest PPS content (7%) at 15g/l. Among different medium feeding types, fed-batch culture based on concentration control in media (10g/l) produced higher mycelia than fed-batch culture based on volume control of media (5.8g/l) or batch culture (3.4g/l). EPS production was also higher in fed-batch culture based on medium concentration control than that in other feeding types.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2005

Effects of the commercially available or formulated extruded pellets (EP) and raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) on growth and body composition of flounder Paralichthys olivaceus L. were evaluated on commercial scale for 10 months. Survivals of flounder fed the MP, EP 1 and EP3 were not significantly different from those of fish fed the EP2 or EP5, but significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of fish fed the EP4. Weight gain of fish fed the MP was not significantly different from that of fish fed the EP3 and EP5, but significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of fish fed the EP1, EP2 or EP4. Improvement in weight gain of flounder fed the high lipid diets (EP1, EP2, EP3) compared to low lipid diet (EP4) in the $55\%$ protein level, and weight gain of fish fed the high lipid diet (MP) compared to low lipid diet (EP5) in the $61\%$ protein level indicated protein-sparing effect of lipid. FER for flounder fed the EP3. which was not significantly different from that for fish fed the EP1 or EP5 was significantly (P<0.05) higher thar. that for fish fed the EP2, EP4 and MP. FER significantly (P<0.05) changed over time. CF of flounder fed the MP was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of fish fed EP1 or EP4. Moisture content of dorsal muscle in flounder fed the EP2 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in fish fed the EP1 or EP4. Crude protein content of dorsal. muscle in flounder fed the EP1, EP4 and EP5 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in fish fed the EP2. How- ever, crude lipid content of dorsal muscle, and moisture, crude protein and crude lipid content of liver in flounder was not significantly different among the diets. In considering performance of flounder, it can be concluded that the use of EP3 and EP5 is more recommendable than the MP, which commonly used in flounder farm.