• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.451-458
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• 1984

18% casein식(食)을 대조식이(對照食餌)로 하여 분지쇄(分枝?) 아미노산(Leu. lie. Val.)을 첨가(添加)한 실험식이(實驗食餌)의 간부분절제후(肝部分切除後)의 Rat에 대한 영양학적(營養學約) 효과(效果)를 검토(檢討)하였다. 자유채취(自由攝取)시키면, 실험식이군(寶驗食餌群)은 대조식이군(對照食餌群)에 비하여 6일(日)째까지 식이채취량(食餌攝取量)이 적지만, 8 일(日)째부터는 증가하고 체중증가(體重增加)도 그와 평행하였다. 14 일(日)째에 간(肝)의 부분절제(部分切除)를 행하면, 7 일후의 체중(體重)은 식이채취량(食餌攝取量)은 동일(同一)하면서도 실험식이군(實驗食餌群)에서 유의(有意)하게 증가(增加)하였다. 또한 간부분절제후(肝部分切除後) 5 일(日)째의 간재생중량(肝再生重量) 및 간재생지수(肝再生指數)도 유의(有意)하게 증가(增加)를 나타내었다. 이상으로 보아, 분지쇄(分枝?)아미노산 첨가식이(添加食餌)는 재생간(再生肝) Rat에 대하여 체중증가(體重增加) 및 간재생(肝再生) 보호작용(促進作用)에 있어서 영양학적(營養學論) 효과(效果)가 있다는 것이 인정(認定)된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.430-438
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• 2013

Increased oxidative stress in obese diabetes may have causal effects on diabetic complications, including dyslipidemia. Lipopolysccharides (LPS) along with an atherogenic diet have been found to increase oxidative stress and insulin resistance. Cranberry has been recognized as having beneficial effects on diseases related to oxidative stress. Therefore, we employed obese diabetic animals treated with an atherogenic diet and LPS, with the aim of examining the effects of cranberry powder (CP) on diabetic related metabolic conditions, including lipid profiles, serum insulin and glucose, and biomarkers of oxidative stress. Forty C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice were divided into the following five groups: normal diet + saline, atherogenic diet + saline, atherogenic diet + LPS, atherogenic diet + 5% CP + LPS, and atherogenic diet + 10% CP + LPS. Consumption of an atherogenic diet resulted in elevation of serum total cholesterol and atherogenic index (AI) and reduction of high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. However, with 10% CP, the increase in mean HDL-cholesterol level was close to that of the group with a normal diet, whereas AI was maintained at a higher level than that of the group with a normal diet. LPS induced elevated serum insulin level was lowered by greater than 60% with CP (P < 0.05), and mean serum glucose level was reduced by approximately 19% with 5% CP (P > 0.05). Mean activity of liver cytosolic glutathione peroxidase was significantly increased by LPS injection, however it was reduced back to the value without LPS when the diet was fortified with 10% CP (P < 0.05). In groups with CP, a reduction in mean levels of serum protein carbonyl tended to occur in a dose dependent manner. Particularly with 10% CP, a reduction of approximately 89% was observed (P > 0.05). Overall results suggest that fortification of the atherogenic diet with CP may have potential health benefits for obese diabetes with high oxidative stress, by modulation of physical conditions, including some biomarkers of oxidative stress.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.545-557
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was performed to compare the diet quality and diversity according to types of obesity categorized by body mass index and waist circumference among Korean adults aged 19-64 years. Methods: This study used the data of the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES-V) and included 11,081 study participants. Type of obesity was categorized into 4 groups (Type 1: BMI obesity + abdominal obesity; Type 2: BMI obesity only; Type 3: abdominal obesity only; Type 4: Normal). To compare the diet quality and diversity according to obesity type, ANCOVA (Analysis of covariance) was used with stratification of age groups (19-44 years, 45-64 years). Results: With regard to comparative analysis of diet quality, there were significant differences between diet qualities in energy, protein, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, phosphorous and iron and type of obesity in the 19-44 age group, while there were significant differences between diet qualities on protein, vitamin C, phosphorous and type of obesity in the 45-64 age group. There was no significant difference between diet diversity score and type of obesity in Korean adults. Conclusions: This study showed that in Korean adults, diet qualities of some nutrients were different among obesity types, while diet diversity was not. These observations should be considered in an effort to improve intake of over-and deficient nutrients and in further studies to evaluate the effects of nutrient quality on obesity.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.407-411
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of Inonotus obiquus as an functional resources. We carried out to develop a beverage by using Inonotus obliquus, and we examined the effects of beverage on the reduction of serum lipid and improvement of blood parameters in rats fed high fat diet 5 weeks. Sprague-Dawley rat weigh $150\;g{\pm}15\;g$, were randomly assigned to 4 groups, basal diet only(BDG), high fat diet without beverage(FDCG), high fat diet and 10% beverage(FD10M), high fat diet and 20% beverage(FD20M). The result of this study were as follow. Hematological datas of 4 groups were same level, which were not significant. Serum GOT activity were reasonable levels in FD10M and FD20M groups compared to FDCG group. Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride in serum and atherogenic index were remarkably reduced in beverage supplemented groups as compared control group. These results imply that beverage from Inonotus obliquus could be used as possible for decrease of serum lipid concentration.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.352-364
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Given the increasing proportion of the Korean population that is aged 65 years and older, the present study analyzed the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia in elderly persons by using data from the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data for 3,373 persons aged 65 years and over (men: 1,455, 43.1%) were selected from the 2008-2011 KNHANES. Sarcopenia assessments are based on a formula that divides a subject's appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) by their weight (wt) and multiplies that result by 100 ([ASM/wt] × 100). Sarcopenia is present if the subject's result was less than one standard deviation (SD) below the sex-specific mean for a young reference group. For evaluation of diet quality, data obtained via the 24-hour recall method were used to calculate the Diet Quality Index for Koreans (DQI-K). A general linear model was applied in order to analyze general information and nutritional intake according to sarcopenia status. For analysis of the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia, a binominal logistic regression analysis was undertaken. RESULTS: The sarcopenia prevalence rate among the study subjects aged 65 years and over was 37.6%. The DQI-K of those without sarcopenia was 3.33 ± 0.04 points, while that of those with sarcopenia was 3.45 ± 0.04 points (P < 0.05). The relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia revealed that subjects aged 75 and older had a poor diet quality, and their odds ratio (OR) of sarcopenia presence was significantly higher (OR: 1.807, 95% confidence interval: 1.003-3.254, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that poor diet quality was related to sarcopenia presence in Koreans aged 75 and older. In order to improve the diet quality of the elderly (aged 75 and older), it is necessary to develop dietary improvement guidelines.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.362-369
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate factors that influence university women with eating problems. Methods: Study participants were 307 women from two universities. Self-report questionnaires which included items on eating problems, satisfaction with body shape, self-esteem, body mass index, and weight control methods were used. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests, ${\chi}^2$ tests, and a multiple binary logistic regression. Results: About 20% of the undergraduate women were experiencing eating problems. The problematic eating group showed more dissatisfaction with body shape than the normal eating group, and used more diets, fasting, diet-products, and uretics/laxatives to control body weight. Significant predictors for the problematic eating group were diets, diet-products, BMI, self-esteem and dissatisfaction with body shape. The strongest predictors were diets; risk for women university students who had been on a diet was 15 times higher than their counterparts. Conclusion: It is pertinent for health professionals to start intervention programs to educate university women with eating problems. The contents should include information on healthy weight control methods, improving satisfaction with body shape and self esteem, as well as creating social atmosphere about healthy body shape for women.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.530-535
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• 2008

Evidence for the effects of different health behaviors, including diet, in elderly diabetes is currently limited. The aim of this study was to compare the quality of diet and health behaviors in Korean elderly T2DM patients, using a glycemic control. T2DM elders(>65 yr, n=48) were recruited and categorized by the concentration of glycated-hemoglobin HbA1c; subjects with HbA1c<7% were the good control(GC) group, and subjects with $HbA1c{\geq}8%$ constituted the poor control(PC) group. General characteristics, self-management behavior questionnaires, and 3-d diet records were all collected and assessed. No significant differences in general characteristics between GC and PC were detected, with the exception of a higher level of education in GC(p<0.05). A twofold longer duration of diabetes was observed in PC as compared to GC(p<0.01). The GC group did exercise for a longer time(p<0.001), and had an earlier beginning of diabetes self-management education (DSME) by healthcare practitioners using a team teach as compared with the PC group(p<0.05). The total dietary quality index(p<0.001) and individual index for carbohydrate(p<0.001) or vegetables and fruit(p<0.05) were better in GC than in PC. Therefore, the earlier DSME including intensive exercise and balanced diet selection should be expected to improve glycemic control in diabetic Korean elders.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.232-237
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• 2012

This study was done to explore the effect of Korean women's salt usage behavior on their sodium intake and excretion according to aging. Dietary sodium intake and salt usage behavior were analyzed to compare the difference between young and middle-aged women. One hundred fifty six young women and 77 middle-aged women without hypertension or any current medication were recruited. Body mass index, waist hip ratio, blood pressure were measured from each subject. Salt usage behaviors were surveyed with questionnaire, sodium intake with 24-hr recall method, and sodium excretion with spot urine. Middle-aged women were more obese than young women according to body mass index and waist hip ratio. Blood pressure was significantly higher for the middle-aged. Young women consumed more fats and middle-aged women more carbohydrates. Middle-aged women consumed more sodium and potassium, and excreted more sodium. Among questionnaire items, kimchi, soup or pot stew, or salted vegetables were found to be related with high sodium diet. Salted vegetables and salted nuts and potato chips were significantly correlated with young women's high sodium diet, while soy sauce on fried food, kimchi, salted vegetables accounted for middle-aged women's high sodium diet. With these results, we concluded that middle-aged women consumed more carbohydrates, less fat, and more sodium and potassium than young women. Middle-aged women frequently choose kimchi, soup or pot stew, or salted vegetables, and they contribute to high sodium intake. We recommend to choose low-salt kimchi, less soup or pot stew, and more fresh vegetables for lower sodium diet.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1463-1469
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• 2020

Objective: The effects of maternal and offspring dietary vitamin A (VA) supplementation on early body weight, digestive tract function and immune function in goslings were studied. Methods: Yangzhou geese (180 d old) were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups of 15 females and 3 males (the males were kept until slaughter). Eggs were collected for hatching during the peak laying period. A total of 96 goslings were selected from each treatment group (each fed a basic diet supplemented with 0, 4,000, 8,000, 12,000 or 16,000 IU/kg VA) and randomly divided into 2 groups, with 6 replicates in each group and 8 goslings in each replicate. The gosling diet was supplemented with 0 or 9,000 IU/kg VA. Results: i) Villus length, villus width and the muscle thickness of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum were increased and the crypt depth was reduced after adding 12,000 IU/kg VA to the goslings' diet (p<0.05). Adding 9,000 IU/kg VA to the offspring diet increased the length of the duodenal villi and width of the ileum and decreased the crypt depth of the ileum (p<0.05). ii) Supplementing the maternal diet with 12,000 IU/kg VA increased immune organ weight, the immune organ index and immunoglobulin content in goslings (p<0.05). The bursa weight and immunoglobulin G content of offspring were higher in the 9,000 IU/kg VA supplementation group than in the group with no supplementation (p<0.05). Conclusion: Offspring growth and development were affected by the amount of VA added into maternal diet. The negative effect of maternal VA deficiency on offspring can be compensated by adding VA to the offspring diet. Continued VA supplementation in the offspring diet after excessive VA supplementation in the maternal diet is unfavorable for gosling growth and development.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권8호
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• pp.684-692
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the effect of chongkukjang intake on lipid metabolism and liver function in ethanol consumed rats. Twenty one Sprague-Dawley male rats aging 4 weeks old were used as experimental animals, which were divided into three dietary groups; casein diet(CA), soybean diet(SB) and chongkukjang diet(CJ). Alcohol was consumed with water as 25%(v/v) ethanol solution. After 4 weeks of experimental period, rats were sacrificed to get blood and liver samples for analysis of lipids, lipid peroxides, antioxidative enzymes and biochemical indices of liver function. The mean body weight, food intake and liver index were not significantly different among three groups. Serum level of total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol of chongkukjang diet group was the lowest among three groups although the difference was not significant. HDL-cholesterol level was significantly(p<0.05) higher in chongkukjang diet group than that of casein diet group. LDL-cholesterol level of chongkukjang and soybean diet group was significantly(p<0.05) lower than that of casein diet group respectively. Liver TBARS of chongkukjang and soybean diet group was significantly(p<0.05) lower than that of casein diet group respectively. The superoxide dismutase activity of chongkukjang diet group was significantly(p<0.05) higher than that of casein diet group. Catalase activity was not significantly different among three groups. As indices of liver function, glutamic oxaloacetic transminase(GOT), glutamic pyruvic transminase(GPT), $\gamma$-glutamyl transpeptidase($\gamma$-GTP) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were not significantly different among three groups. Serum alcohol concentration and activities of alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH) were not significantly different among three groups. The chongkukjang diet seems to give a beneficial effect for improving lipid metabolism by increasing HDL-cholesterol level and SOD activity while reducing liver TBARS level. However, effect on liver function has to be investigated further.