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성인들의 구강보건과 건강.삶의 질의 관련성 연구 - 영남지역 일부 주민들을 대상으로 - (Research about Relationship between the Quality of life, Oral Health and Total Health of adults)

  • 김지화;민경진
    • 보건교육건강증진학회지
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.31-46
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this research is to increase adults' quality of life by improving oral health. Total 572 people participated in this study in Young-Nam area. Survey research method was used to measure various tools of participants' general index, subjective view of oral health status, oral health knowledge, oral health practice, dietary pattern, OHIP-14, THI, QOL for analyzing the effect on quality of life. The result of the study is summarized as follows; 1. Oral health knowledge has positive effects on oral health practice (0.442), dietary pattern(0.343). Diet has positive effects on OHIP-14(0.187) and OHIP-14 has significant positive effects on THI(0.564). THI also has positive effects on QOL(0.380). But oral health practice index has slight effects on OHIP-14(0.056). 2. Indirect effect indexes on QOL are OHIP-14(0.214), diet(0.040), oral health knowledge(0.019), oral health practice(0.012) listed in order of effect size, and the biggest direct effect on QOL is from THI(0.308). The result of this study shows oral health and total health are important to improve the quality of life. And the knowledge about oral health dietary pattern should be important to improve oral health. But, even with high level of oral health knowledge, the oral health practice is at low level. Health education developing program should be needed. It is required to present basic data which represent adults with national view by extracting groups using sample probability methods as of next task of this study.

Moderate diet-induced weight loss is associated with improved insulin sensitivity in middle-aged healthy obese Korean women

  • Lee, Hye-Ok;Yim, Jung-Eun;Kim, Young-Seol;Choue, Ryowon
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.469-475
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    • 2014
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of moderate caloric restriction on ${\beta}$-cell function and insulin sensitivity in middle-aged obese Korean women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Fifty-seven obese pre-menopausal Korean women participated in a 12-week calorie restriction program. Data on total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and fasting serum levels of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, blood pressure, leptin and anthropometrics were collected. A dietary intake assessment was based on three days of food recording. Additionally, ${\beta}$-cell function [homeostasis model assessment of ${\beta}$-cell (HOMA-${\beta}$), insulinogenic index (ISI), C-peptide:glucose ratio, and area under curve insulin/glucose ($AUC_{ins/glu}$)] and insulin sensitivity [homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), Quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and Matsuda index (MI)] were recorded. RESULTS: When calories were reduced by an average of 422 kcal/day for 12 weeks, BMI (-2.7%), body fat mass (-10.2%), and waist circumference (-5%) all decreased significantly (P < 0.05). After calorie restriction, weight, body fat percentage, hip circumference, BP, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, plasma glucose at fasting, insulin at fasting and 120 min, $AUC_{glu}$ and the insulin area under the curve all decreased significantly (all P < 0.05), while insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR, QUICKI and Matsuda index) measured by OGTT improved significantly (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Moderate weight loss due to caloric restriction with reduction in insulin resistance improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in middle-aged obese women and thereby may help prevent the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

중년여성의 체중관리 실태와 성인병 위험도 (Weight Control and Cardiovascular Risk in Middle-Aged Women)

  • 김정아;정승교
    • 재활간호학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.33-47
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    • 2004
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate weight control practices and cardiovascular risk in middle-aged women. 304 middle-aged women were selected as subjects from thirties to fifthies living at J city in Chung-Buk Do. Data were collected using a questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, BP & total cholesterol level in serum from April 1, to June 30, 2003. The results of this study were as follows: The middle-aged woman's age is average $43.95{\pm}7.09yr$ and mean BMI(body mass index) was $23.54{\pm}3.09\;kg/m^2$. Underweight, normal weight, overweight, obese women were 3.0%, 39.5%, 27.9% and 29.6%respectively. Subjects perceived own as 'Slim' 5.9%, 'ordinary' 45.7%, 'Fat' 48.4%. Their weight perception coincide their own actual body weight but as many as 41.8% of overweight and 9.0% of obese perceived themselves as being 'ordinary'. Middle age women with past weight control experience were 55.6%, and only 35.5% was doing weight control at present. Of these subjects, 71.4% reported wanting to lose weight and the primary reason of weight control was to improve their appearance(39.53%). The most frequently reported weight control behavior was 'exercise' followed 'dieting', but 39.6% reported using 'diet food', 12.4% 'behavior modification', 12.4% 'fasting', and 'diet-drug'(3.6%) or 'smoking'(3.6%). Effective weight control methods were thought regular exercise(97.1%) & dieting (79.3%). And behavior modification(71.4%) or diet camp(60%) were effective, too. An average waist circumference was $79.80{\pm}9.47cm$, waist/hip ratio was $86.63{\pm}6.78$, waist/height ratio was $50.43{\pm}6.10$. In the index of abdominal obesity, 79.7 % of middle-aged women was waist/height ratio over 0.46, 65.3% was waist/hip ratio over 0.85, 28.4% was waist circumference over 85cm. There were significant differences in the degree of abdominal obesity according to age and BMI. In the index of cardiovascualr risk, 10.9% of middle aged women was systolic hypertension over 140mmHg, 18.7% was diastolic hypertension over 90mmHg and 10.6% was hypercholesterolemia over 200mg/dl. There was significant difference in systolic hypertension ratio according to age. There was significant difference in diastolic hypertension ratio according to age and obesity. There were significant differences in hypercholesterolemia accorting to obesity. The abdominal obesity indices and the levels of T-cholesterol in the serum, systolic and diastolic BP increased significantly according to age. T-cholesterol in serum was predicted 2.6% by waist/height ratio. And systolic BP was predicted 15.2% by waist/height, add BMI to 16.8%. Subject's diastolic BP was predicted 12.1% by BMI. Therefore waist/height ratio and BMI were significant factors for the predictors of cardiovascular risk. There was significant correlation between index of obesity and cardiovascular risk. T-cholesterol in serum had correlation with waist/eight ratio(r=0.174) and waist circumference(r=0.48). Systolic BP had correlation with waist/height ratio(r=0.387), and BMI(=0.371). diastolic BP correlation had correlation with BMI(r=0.343) and waist/height ratio(r=0.327). In conclusion, The prevalence of obesity was 29.6% in 304 cases, and increased as age after menopause increased. Middle-aged women's weight perception and actual BMI coincide but some of them did not. Trial to reduce weight was attempted. But most of them did not actually. Undesirable weight control method such as using drugs, fasting, smoking was used by some women. It is important to educate about health weight control methods and raise their awareness of exact body figures. High frequency of abdominal obesity in middle-aged women had correlation with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Abdominal index such as waist/height ratio, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio was used. Women's hypertension, hypercholesterolemia significantly related to body mass index and abdominal obesity.

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고지방 식이 흰쥐에서 오가피 추출물의 항산화 효과 및 지질 개선 효과 (Antioxidant Effects and Improvement of Lipid Metabolism of Acanthopanacis cortex Water Extract in Rats Fed High Fat Diet)

  • 박영숙
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.37-45
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    • 2010
  • 오가피 추출물이 고지방 식이를 급여한 흰쥐의 체내 지질대사, 심혈관계질환지수 항산화능 및 항산화 효소계에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 식이 섭취량은 고지방 식이군이 정상 식이군에 비해 유의적 (p<0.05)으로 감소하였으며, 식이 효율은 유의적 (p<0.05)으로 높았다. 최종 체중과 체중 증가량은 고지방 식이군과 정상 식이군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 2. 혈장의 HDL-콜레스테롤은 고지방 식이군에서 오가피 추출물의 첨가로 증가하였으며 LDL-콜레스테롤은 감소하였다(p<0.05). 중성지방은 고지방 식이군이 정상 식이군에 비해 증가하였으며, 오가피 추출물 섭취로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 간의 총 지질은 군 간에 차이가 없었고, 총콜레스테롤은 정상 식이군에 비해 고지방 식이군에서 유의하게 증가하였으나(p<0.05) 오가피 추출물의 첨가로 유의하게 감소하였으며(p<0.05), 중성지방 농도는 정상 식이군에 비하여 고지방 식이군에서 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 3. 심혈관위험지수와 동맥경화지수는 고지방 식이군에 비하여 고지방 식이 오가피 추출물군에서 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 4. 혈장과 간의 지질 과산화물 농도는 정상 식이군에서 오가피 추출물 섭취로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 혈장의 TAS 값은 고지방 섭취로 감소되었으나, 오가피 추출물 섭취로 유의하게(p<0.05) 증가되었다. 5. 간의 SOD, catalase 및 GST 활성도는 정상 식이군과 고지방 식이군에서 오가피 추출물 첨가군이 오가피 추출물 무첨가군에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였고(p<0.05), glutathione peroxidase 활성도와 glutathione 함량은 고지방 식이군에서 오가피 추출물 첨가로 유의하게(p<0.05) 증가하였다. 이상의 결과에서 고지방 식이를 공급하였을 때 오가피 추출물 섭취는 혈장의 HDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 높이고, 혈장과 간의 총콜레스테롤과 중성지방의 농도는 낮추어 심혈관 위험지수와 동맥경화지수를 효과적으로 감소시키므로 지질 개선 및 고지혈증에 대한 개선 효과가 있을 것으로 보인다. 또한 항산화 효소 활성을 증가시켜 혈장과 간의 지질 과산화물 생성을 억제시키므로 항산화제로서 작용할 수 있음을 시사해 주고 있다. 그러나 지질 개선 및 천연 항산화제로서 작용할 수 있는 오가피의 용량에 대해서는 좀 더 많은 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

여대생의 체질량지수, 다이어트 인식과 다이어트 행동에 관한 연구 (A Study on BMI, Diet Perception and Dietary Behavior of Female University Students)

  • 이진희
    • 한국응용과학기술학회지
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    • 제37권3호
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    • pp.463-472
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구는 여대생의 체질량지수와 다이어트 인식 및 다이어트 행동에 관해 알아보기 위해 시행된 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구 대상자는 일 지역 여자대학교에 재학 중인 학생 165명으로 자료수집은 2018년 10월 29일부터 11월 9일까지 진행되었다. 수집된 자료의 분석은 SPSS/WIN 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, t 검정, 일원분산분석, 교차분석을 하였다. 전체 다이어트 인식은 3.44점이었고 요인별로는 '실행'이 4.00점으로 가장 높게 나타났고, 그 다음으로 '정보 및 교육'이 3.58점, '필요성'은 3.32점, '자가인식'은 2.84점으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 다이어트 횟수는 '3회 미만'이 65명(43.0%)으로 가장 많았으며 방법은 '음식조절'이 65명(43.0%), '운동'이 62명(41.1%) 순이었다. 일주일간 운동시간은 3시간 미만이 99명(65.6%)으로 가장 많았고 '전혀 하지 않는다'가 32명(21.2%)으로 그 다음 순이었다. 다이어트로 인한 피해경험은 22명(14.6%)이 있다고 응답했고, 종류로는 위장병, 생리불순, 탈모 등이었다. BMI에 따른 다이어트 인식 전체 점수는 저체중군이 정상체중 및 과체중군보다 점수가 낮게 나타났다(p<.001). 하부 요인별로 보면 다이어트 '실행'은 저체중군이 정상체중 및 과체중군보다 점수가 낮게 나타났고(p<.05), 다이어트 '정보 및 교육'은 과체중군의 점수가 가장 높았고, 그 다음이 정상체중군, 저체중군 순이었다(p<.001). 다이어트 '필요성'과 '자가인식'은 저체중군이 정상체중 및 과체중군보다 점수가 낮게 나타났다(p<.001). 다이어트 인식에 따른 다이어트 행동은 다이어트 횟수와 방법에서 차이가 있었다(p<.001). 본 연구 결과를 토대로 여대생의 올바른 다이어트 인식 형성과 건강한 생활유지를 위한 관심과 교육이 필요하다고 사료된다.

Hypolipidemic Properties of Fermented Capsicum and Its Product

  • Suh, Hyung-Joo;Chang, Un-Jae
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.245-249
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    • 2002
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented capsicum and a capsicum product on lipid metabolism. Fermented capsicum was prepared from red pepper puree tov three months. After 9() days of fermentation, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin concentrations were reduced from 24.7 and 14.7 g/mL to 15.5 and 6.45 g/mL, respectively. The capsicum product was prepared from the fermented capsicum mixed with prune extract, green tea extract, neroli extract and oligo-saccharide. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were as- signed to four dietary groups (control, high-fat control (BE-control), high-fat-fermented capsicum (HF-S-1), high- fat-capsicum product (HF-S-2)). Plasma and hepatic lipid profiles were examined after three weeks of experimental diet. Food intakes were significantly lower in the HF-S-1 and HF-S-2 groups compared to the control group (p<0.05). The weight of perirenal fat pads was lowest in animals on the control diet (low-fat) and highest in high-fat control diet. The addition of fermented capsicum to high fat diets, HF-S-1 and HE-S-2 groups, resulted in significantly lower fat pad weights compared with the HF-control group. Both fermented capsicum (HF-S-1) and the capsicum product (HF-S-2) groups had lower plasma TG levels, atherogenic-index, and liver TG levels than the BE-control group (p <0.05). Liver TC levels were significantly lower in the HF-S-2 group than the HF-control group. The results demonstrate a hypolipidemic effect of fermented capsicum and the fermented cap-sicum product.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Fermented Chitin-chitosan (FERMKIT) on Toxicity of Mycotoxin in Ducks

  • Khajarern, J.M.;Khajarern, S.;Moon, T.H.;Lee, J.H.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제16권5호
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    • pp.706-713
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    • 2003
  • Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of dietary FERMKIT, a commercial toxin binder consisting of probiotic-fermented natural product containing chitin, chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharides ($FERMKITO^{(R)}$, EASY-BIO SYSTEM, Inc., Korea), in binding aflatoxin (AF) and zearalenone (ZEN) and ameliorating their mycotoxicity in meat type ducks. FERMKIT was supplemented to AF contaminated diets (at 120 ppb) at either 0.3 or 0.6% in experiment 1 and to ZEN contaminated diets (at 150 ppb) at 0.6% in experiment 2. In experiment 1 body weight gains were reduced by 37% and mortality was increased by 18% in ducks fed diet contaminated with AF at 120 ppb compared to ducks fed control diet (<10 ppb AF) for the 4-wk experimental period. However, dietary FERMKIT supplementation effectively alleviated overall toxicity induced by AF. The significant treatment-related changes in feather growth, web-toe hemorrhage, leg deformity, liver paleness, organ weights, hematological values and serum biochemical values, as compared to the control, were observed. The FERMKIT supplementation significantly diminished the adverse effects of AF and restored all the parameters measured back (<0.05) toward the control values. These findings indicated that FERMKIT, when added at the levels of 0.3 or 0.6% in the 120 ppb AF diets, could modulate the toxicity of AF with percentage sorption capacity of 52.70% at the level 0.3% and 79.85% at the level 0.6% of the diets (experiment 1). In experiment 2, FERMKIT, when added at 0.6% to the 150 ppb ZEN diets for the 4-wk experimental period, diminished the toxicity as shown by body weight gain, weights of testicles, oviducts, Bursa of Fabricius and cloaca eversion score as compared with the controls (<10 ppb ZEN) and 150 ppb ZEN diet with no added FERMKIT. The findings indicated that FERMKIT could be protective against the effects of ZEN in young growing ducks with percentage sorption capacity of 67.11% as evaluated from toxicity index parameter measured when added at 0.6% of the diets containing 150 ppb ZEN.

Assessment of Malnutrition of Dialysis Patients and Comparison of Nutritional Parameters of CAPD and Hemodialysis Patients

  • Wi, Jin Woo;Kim, Nam-Ho
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.185-193
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    • 2017
  • Malnutrition is common and the major risk factor of mortality of end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The aim of this study is to assess nutritional status of malnutrition patients on dialysis by various methods and compare nutritional parameters of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients with hemodialysis patients. 137 patients on dialysis from April 2009 to July 2013 were enrolled. Nutritional parameters of 66 CAPD and 71 hemodialysis patients were investigated by anthropometry, biochemical study, diet analysis and questionnaires. Malnutrition patients were selected by body mass index (BMI), serum albumin and pre-albumin based on International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM) diagnostic criteria for protein-energy wasting and compared with non-malnutrition patients. In comparison of CAPD and hemodialysis patients, most anthropometric values showed no significant difference except total body water (TBW). TBW was lower in CAPD patients (P=0.024). Although serum albumin was slightly higher in hemodialysis patients (P=0.047), pre-albumin were significantly higher in CAPD patients (P=0.000). Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was higher in hemodialysis patients (P=0.000). In diet analysis, Total calorie (P=0.000) and total cholesterol (P=0.012) intakes were higher in CAPD patients. Mean subjective global assessment (SGA) grade was higher in CAPD patients (P=0.003). Several nutritional parameters of CAPD patients were better than hemodialysis patients implying more intensive therapeutic approach may be needed for hemodialysis patients. We have to understand multiple factors contributing malnutrition of ESRD patients and individualized therapeutic approach is needed.

제 2형 당뇨 환자의 식이, 신체활동, 자가간호, 자기효능감과 심혈관 합병증 위험요소간의 관계 (The Relationship of Diet, Physical Activities, Self-efficacy, and Self-care with Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Clients with Type II Diabetes)

  • 이해정;김명수
    • 성인간호학회지
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.283-294
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of cardiovascular risk factors of type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Diabetic patients (N=160) were interviewed from November, 2003 to June, 2004. The 24 hour dietary recall, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale for patient with Type 2 diabetes, the Revised Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure Scale and Parma Cardiovascular Risk Index were used to measure the predictors. Data were analyzed by descriptive analyses, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using the SPSS WIN 10.0. Results: Mean dietary intakes of the participants were protein(P) of 64.5g, carbohydrate(C) of 280.74g, fat(F) of 30g, and calcium of 511.45mg. The ratio of CPF was 75:17:8. About 45% of the participants didn't exercise on a regular basis. The levels of self-efficacy, self-care, and cardiovascular risk factors of the participants were moderate. Self-efficacy was the most important predictor of cardiovascular risk factors along with self-care, exercising for more than 6 months, carbohydrate intakes and levels of physical activities. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that intervention programs increasing self-efficacy on diabetic management would be more beneficial than the fractional approach focusing only on diet or physical activities.

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난소 절제 쥐에서 홍국의 첨가가 혈중 지질에 미치는 영향과 혈중 콜레스테롤과 골대사 지표 및 호르몬과의 관련성 (Effects of Red-Yeast-Rice Supplementation on Blood Lipids and Relations among Cholesterol, Bone Markers, and Hormones in Overiectomized Rats)

  • 최미자;유대식
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.264-270
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    • 2005
  • This study was performed to evaluate the effect of red-yeast-rice on blood lipids and also to investigated the relation of blood lipids, bone related hormones, and bone mineral density in overiectomized rats. Forty female rats (body weight $210\pm5$g) were divided into two groups. The rats in the first group were ovariectomized which the others received sham operation (SHAM). And then each rat group was further divided into control diet $(casein\;20\%)$ and red-yeast-rice powder supplemented $(0.1\%)$ diet group. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured using PIXImus in spine and femur. Bone formation and bone resorption were measured by serum osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD) crosslinks value. Serum growth hormone, IGF-1 and calcitonin were analyzed using radioimmunoassay kits. The red-yeast-rice group had significantly lower the blood triglyceride concentration and had lower the blood total cholesterol concentration than casein group did in ovariectomized rats. And the red-yeast-rice group than casein group in ovariectomized rats. The red-yeast-rice group had significantly lower the atherogenic index than control group within the ovariectomized groups. In the experimental rats, serum total cholesterol concentration was negatively correlated with femur BMC and crosslink value. Crosslink value was negatively correlated with spine BMC and IGF-1. Osteocalcin concentration was negatively correlated with crosslink value. Growth hormone was negatively correlated with crosslink value and positively correlated with spine BMC. The findings of this study suggest that red-yeast-rices are beneficial for blood lipid in ovariectomized rats. And when considering a population-based public health approach to lowering cholesterol and bone loss, and preventing coronary heart disease and osteoporosis, the red-yeast-rice dietary supplement could provide a new approach for the maintenance of healthier cholesterol and bone.

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