• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.183-188
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• 2000

In order to discover novel potent antitumor agents, methanolic extracts of approximately 180 herbal medicines were prepared and primarily evaluated for cytotoxic activity in cultured human lung (A549) and colon (Col 2) cancer cells. As a result, 17 natural product extracts were found to be active in the criteria of $IC_{50}$<$20\;{\mu}g/ml$. Especially, the extracts of Aristolochia debilis, Cynanchum ascyrifolium, Cynanchum paniculatum, Daphne genkwa, Euphorbia lathyris, Ipomoea hederacea, Magnolia officinalis, Melia azedarach var. japonica, Solanum nigrum, Thuja orientalis, and Trichosanthes kirilowii showed a strong cytotoxic potential. The flower extract of Daphne genkwa was more selective cytotoxic activity against lung cancer cells $(IC_{50};\;0.2\;{\mu}g/ml)$ compared to colon cancer cells $(IC_{50}>20\;{\mu}g/ml)$. In addition, based on the cytotoxic potential of the root extract of Cynanchum paniculatum, the further fractionation of methylene chloride partition with silica gel column chromatography was performed. Several subfractions were considered to be active, and thus indicating that further studies for the identification of active principles from these fractions might be warranted.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.713-719
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• 2011

The antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of Arctium lappa were assessed by measuring the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl( DPPH) radical scavenging effect, inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation, inhibition of malondialdehyde(MDA)-bovine serum albumin(BSA) conjugation reaction and antimutagenic capacities using the Ames test. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation of the $Arctium$ $lappa$ ethanol extract significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. In the radical scavenging assay using DPPH, the $IC_{50}$ of the Arctium lappa extract was 296 ${\mu}g$/assay(1.29 mg of dry sample). In addition, the $IC_{50}$ in the inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation was 1,759 ${\mu}g$/assay(7.65 mg of dry sample). This extract also significantly inhibited the MDA-BSA conjugation reaction with an $IC_{50}$ of 57.58 mg/assay(250 mg of dry sample). However, no inhibitory effects against the direct and indirect mutagenicities in $Salmonella$ Typhimurium TA98 and TA100 were observed. Based on these results, the ethanol extract of $Arctium$ $lappa$ was shown to display considerable antioxidative activities.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2002

This study was designed to research the anti-tumor effect of omija (methanol extract(I), malic acid & ethanol extract(II), and water extract (III)) on human liver cancer cell line SNU-398. MTT assay was used in vitro. The longer th\ulcorner exposure time and the higher the concentration of Omija extract, the stronger the anti-tumor effect. When the concentration of (II) was 1,600 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and the exposure time reached 96 hours, The strongest propagation inhibition effect occurred with the viability rate as low as 5.06%. $IC_{50}$/ value was 363 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. Under the condition of 1,600$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and 96 hours, (I) lowered the rate to 7.75%. $IC_{50}$/ value was 489 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. When it was 1,600$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ and 72 hours, (III) the rate decreased to 15.97%. $IC_{50}$/ value was 703 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. In all three cases, the viability of the cancer cell decreased significantly when the exposure time ranged between 24 and 48 hours.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2010

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a negative regulator of insulin signaling, has served as a potential drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The MeOH extracts of twenty-nine medicinal plants, traditionally used in Vietnam as anti-diabetes agents, were investigated for PTP1B inhibitory activity in vitro. The results indicated that, most materials showed moderate to strong inhibitory activity with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from $3.4\;{\mu}g/mL$ to $35.1\;{\mu}g/mL$; meanwhile, eleven extracts (37.9%) could demonstrate PTP1B activity with $IC_{50}$ values less than $15.5\;{\mu}g/mL$; sixteen extracts (55.2%) could demonstrate PTP1B activity with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from $15.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ to $35.1\;{\mu}g/mL$. The study may provide a proof, at least in a part, for the ethno-medical use in diabetes disease of these plants.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2014

Maesa japonica (Thunb.) is an evergreen shrub belonged to the Myrsinaceae family, which was discovered in 2006 in South Korea. And, its biological functions have not been well studied. In this study, we determined the antioxidant activities, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory effects and antimicrobial activities of methanol extract and the solvent fractions of M. japonica leaves and twigs. The highest antioxidant activity obtained by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay and reducing power assay was found in the ethylacetate fraction of twigs methanol extract, which contained the highest level of total phenolic compounds compared to the other fractions. In addition, ethylacetate fraction of twigs extract exhibited higher inhibitory activities against ${\alpha}$-glucosidase ($IC_{50}=0.8{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) compared to the $IC_{50}$ of the buthanol fraction ($IC_{50}=16{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) of leaves extract. It showed antimicrobial activities against Bacillus atrophaeus and Bacillus subtilis subsp. Spizizenii. Although the data is too limited, the current study is the first report on biological functions of M. japonica.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회 and 제3회 신약개발 연구발표회
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• pp.280-280
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• 1994

혈행 장애 예방 및 치료 약물의 개발을 목적으로 혈소판 기능에 대한 약물의 영향을 연구하는데 있어, 효율적인 실험 조건의 선택은 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 마늘 메탄을 추출물의 혈소판 응집 억제능율 platelet rich plasma(PRP), washed platelet(Ca$^2$비첨가), washed platelet(Ca$^{2+}$ 첨가) 등 세가지 분리 조건을 사용하여 실험하였다. 그 결과 마늘 추출물의 $IC_{50}$/이 각각 2348 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, 221 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, 851 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml로서, washed platelet(Ca$^{2+}$ 비첨가)가 마늘 추출물의 혈소판 응집 억제 작용에 가장 민감한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 마늘 추출물과는 다른 기전으로 혈소판 응집 억제 효과를 나타내는 menadione과 propranolol도 이와 동일한 결과를 보였다. 실험 조건에 따른 이러한 차이가 PRP 중에 존재하는 알부민 등과의 단백 결합에의한 약물의 유효농도 감소에 기인한다고 추정되어, washed platelet에 여러 농도의 알부민을 첨가하여 혈소판 응집 억제 실험을 실시한 결과 약물의 $IC_{50}$/은 알부민 농도 의존적으로 증가하였다. 혈소판 응집과 함께 혈소판 기능 변화를 측정하는 지표인 혈소판 분비능을 분비된 ATP를 Luciferin-Luciferase로 측정하여 알아보았다. 그 결과 thrombin에 의한 혈소판의 ATP 유리에 미치는 마늘 추출물의 영향을 위의 세 실험조건에서 실험하여 $IC_{50}$/을 비교한 결과 그 값이 washed platelet에서 가장 낮고 PRP에서 가장 높아, 혈소판 응집 억제 실험과 동일한 결과를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과는 세가지 혈소판 분리 조건 중 washed platelet(Ca$^{2+}$비첨가)가 약물에 의한 혈소판 기능 억제 실험에 가장 효율적임을 제시하고 있으며, 그 주요한 원인은 알부민 등 단백 결합에 의한 유효 약물 농도 감소때문 이라고 추정된다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

Activity-guided separation of the methylene chloride-soluble fraction of the leaves of Zanthoxylum schinifolium, resulted in the isolation of four coumarinoids (1 - 4), two triterpenoids (5, 6) and three fatty acid derivatives (7 - 9) as active principles. Their chemical structures were identified as collinin (1), 8-methoxyanisocoumarin (2), 7-(6'R-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethylocta-2',7'-dienyloxy)-coumarin (3), (E)-4-methly-6-(coumarin-7'-yloxy) hex-4-enal (4), lupeol (5), epi-lupeol (6), phytol (7), hexadec-3-enoic acid (8) and palmitic acid (9), on the basis of spectroscopic (1D, 2D and MS) data analyses and comparing with the data published in the literatures. Compounds 1 and 7 showed potent cytotoxicity against Jurkat T cells with $IC_{50}$ values of 45.58 and $47.51{\mu}M$, respectively. The others showed moderate activity with $IC_{50}$ values ranging around 80.58 to $85.83{\mu}M$, while the positive control, auraptene, possessed an $IC_{50}$ value of $55.36{\mu}M$.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2000

In order to evaluate anti -oxidant activities and protective effect against oxidatve damage, DPPH radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity were measured among methanol extracts prepared from natural medicinal plants. Fourteen natural medicinal plants which were reported to have anti -oxidative or anti-inflammatory effects were selected based on our previous report. In addition to the total methanol extracts, n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and water fractions were prepared from each total extract. DPPH radical scavenging assay was performed against 14 total extracts and all samples showed dose-dependent activities in various extent. Among those, 6 samples, methanol extracts of Euryale ferox, paeonia suffruticosa, Areca catechu var. dulcissima, Cinnamomun cassia, Alpinia katsumadai and Betula platyphlla var. japonica showed IC$\sub$50/ value lower than 6.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was found in ethylacetate fraction of paeonia suffruticosa with IC$\sub$50/ value of 1.1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. Analysis of lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells revealed that the highest inhibitory effect was observed in methanol extract of Betula platyhpylla var. japonica. Lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity was observed as a dose-dependent manner in all samples used in this study. Among fraction samples, ethylacetate fraction of Alpinia katsumadai had the strongest inhibitory activity with IC$\sub$50/ value of 0.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.346-354
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• 2018

Kemenyan resin from Styrax sumatrana is a unique non-timber forest product (NTFP) native from Sumatera Island, Indonesia. It possesses a wide range of applications in the pharmaceutical, perfume, and cosmetics industries. In this paper, six kemenyan resin samples were investigated to evaluate their free radical scavenging activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reagent. The kemenyan resin samples, which originated from North Tapanuli, Pakpak Bharat, and Humbang Hasundutan, showed high antioxidant activity with $IC_{50}$ < 16 mg/L. The antioxidant activity of common kemenyan resin constituents, i.e., cinnamic acid, ethyl cinnamate, gallic acid, and vanillin was also investigated as positive control, although they exhibited lower antioxidant activity ($IC_{50}$ < 1000 mg/L), except for gallic acid ($IC_{50}$ = 5,23 mg/L). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) for all samples were 44-66 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g sample and 143-160 mg quarcetin equivalents (QE)/g sample. The results revealed that kemenyan resin has high potency as an antioxidant and could be used as a natural antioxidant resource.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2015

Squid is one of the most important commercial fishes in the world and is mainly utilized or consumed as sliced raw fish or as processed products. The biofunctional activities of enzymatic squid meat hydrolysate were determined to develop value-added products. Enzymatic squid hydrolysate manufactured by Alcalase effectively quenched 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide radical with $IC_{50}$ values of 311, 3,410, and $111.5{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of squid hydrolysate was strong with an $IC_{50}$ value of $145.1{\mu}g/mL$, while tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an $IC_{50}$ value of 4.72 mg/mL was moderately low. Overall, squid meat hydrolysate can be used in food or cosmetic industries as a bioactive ingredient and possibly be used in the manufacture of seasoning, bread, noodle, or cosmetics.