• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.641-648
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• 2006

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of the individual nutrition education for type 2 diabetes who participate the diabetes buffet. The subjects were 66 patients and divided into education (n=34) and control groups (n=32). The mean age of education and control groups were 59.8 and 56.6 years old, respectively. There were no differences in age and body mass index (BMI) between two groups. Initial glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), post prandial plasma glucose (PP2), total plasma cholesterol, and blood pressure were not different between two groups. But fasting blood sugar (FBS) was higher in education group than in control group. On completion of the study, the education group showed significant decreases in body weight, BMI, FBS and PP2, however, the control group showed no changes in body weight, BMI and PP2, and showed a significant increase in FBS. Initial calorie and protein intakes of the education group did not meet the prescribed amount, however, mineral and vitamin intakes were higher than estimated average requirement (EAR). By the end of study, calorie and protein intakes were significantly increased to meet the prescription. In order to evaluate the effect of diet education, awareness of calorie requirement was used as an index of understanding diet prescription. The degree of awareness of calorie requirement was dependent on age: younger patients showed higher awareness than older subjects. The subject who showed better understanding of diet prescription showed lower levels of HbA1c, FBS, and PP2 at the end of the experiment period. The results of this study clearly show that individual diabetes diet education is effective to make the patient understand their diet prescription, and is effective to control body weight and blood sugar level. Awareness of calorie requirement could be used as an index of understanding of prescribed diet. Since age is an important variable to determine the awareness of calorie requirement, different strategies of nutrition education should be developed for different age groups, especially patients over 70 years old.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.27-36
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and learning needs on coronary artery disease in diabetic patients by glycemic control. Methods: The subjects consisted of 188 patients at the hospital who had diabetes mellitus. Data was obtained using a knowledge and learning needs questionnaire from January to April 2006. Results: Treatment method, the levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG), and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose(PP2hr) showed meaningful differences between normo-glycemic group(HbA1c < 7%) and hyper-glycemic group($HbA1c{\geq}7%$). The levels of knowledge on coronary artery disease by glycemic control tend to show higher in normo-glycemic group. Etiology and prevention of coronary artery disease were significantly higher in normo-glycemic group than in hyper-glycemic group. The levels of learning needs on coronary artery disease by glycemic control tend to show higher in normo-glycemic group. The learning needs on items of diet control were higher in normo-glycemic group than in hyper-glycemic group. Conclusion: On the base of these results, we should focus on the coronary artery disease education for hyper-glycemic group. Also individual coronary artery disease educational program should be developed for the patients with different level of knowledge and learning needs.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.276-287
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• 2008

Diabetic mellitus in an older population is associated with increased basal oxidative stress and free radical accentuated by hyperglycemic challenge. Enhanced free radical in diabetic elderly can cause the oxidative damage and such damage can be protected by antioxidant defense system. It is believed that vitamin C, A and E are the most abundant and effective antioxidants in human plasma. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant status in Korean diabetic elderly using the case-control study. The antioxidant status was examined by determining plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins (vitamin C, A, E, ${\beta}$-carotene), total antioxidant status (TAS) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and intakes of vitamin C, A, ${\beta}$-carotene and retiol. Fasting glucose and HbA1c levels and serum lipid profiles (triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol) were also determined. Diabetic subjects were 122 elderly persons over 60 years old, visiting public health center, and control subjects were 96 healthy elderly persons living in Ulsan, Korea and they were matched by age, gender, smoking and drinking status. The diabetic and control subjects were divided into sub-groups according to the status of using diet therapy and vitamin supplement. The subjects were interviewed to collect data on their general characteristics, disease history, vitamin supplement, diet therapy and health-related habits by questionnaires. Their dietary intakes were obtained by means of semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires (SQFFQ). Fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels were significantly higher in diabetes than in control subjects, and plasma total cholesterol level of diabetes was not significantly different from that of control subjects. However serum HDL cholesterol level of diabetes was significantly lower and serum TG level of diabetes was significantly higher than those of control group. The average vitamin A and ${\beta}$-carotene intakes of diabetes were significantly higher than those of control subjects. There was no significant difference in plasma vitamin C, ${\beta}$-carotene, and TBARS levels between two groups, but plasma vitamin A, E and TAS levels were significantly higher in diabetes than those in control group. Plasma vitamin A and TAS levels of diabetic subjects using diet therapy were higher than those of control using diet therapy, and plasma vitamin E, ${\beta}$-carotene and TAS levels of diabetic subjects using vitamin supplements were significantly higher than those of controls using vitamin supplements. These results suggested that diabetic mellitus could enhance antioxidant defences against reactive oxygen species and interest in healthy eating such as consumption of more antioxidant nutrients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.958-968
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to clarify the different mechanical properties of fabrics among the theme groups classified by fashion fabric trend. This study can be useful for fabric marketers and planners to design new products. In order to carry out this study, the fabric samples of representative theme for‘2002/03 F/W fashion fabric trend were collected from a fashion company and were measured to analyze the mechanical properties, hand value(H.V) and total hand value(T.H.V) by KES-FB System. The results were as follows. 1. The theme-A of‘Luxury, Elegance’was consisted of wool, rayon and PET and had a lower B, 2HB of bending properties and a lower G and 2HG5 of shear properties. The theme-B of‘Technical, Functional’was consisted of synthetic fibers such as PET, PA, PU and elastic fiber and had a higher MIU and a lower MMD, SMD of surface properties. The theme-C of‘Vintage, Aged’was consisted of mostly cotton and had the highest B and 2HB. The theme-D of‘Fancy, Airy’was consisted of mostly woolen wool, polyacryl and polyamide and had a high MMD and SMD of surface properties and a high LC and RC of compression properties. 2. As the results of analyzing H.V and T.H.V through KES-FB system, the theme-A showed a higher Smoothness and lower Stiffness. The theme-B had a lower Smoothness, Fullness, Soft feeling and T.H.V and the theme-C had the highest Stiffness. The theme-D showed the highest Fullness and Soft Feeling but the lowest Stiffness.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.199-206
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• 2007

Hypoglycemic efficacy of natural functional mixture(FM) and level of the diabete related hormones in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (normal, diabetic fed diets with/without FM). Supplement of FM did not affect the body weight and feed intake of STZ-induced diabetic rats. The increase in the weight of liver of STZ-induced diabetic rats was weakened by supplement of FM, whereas the weight of kidney and heart was not affected. Blood glucose level was slightly, and glucose tolerance of post-feeding was significantly improved by functional mixture. The mixture significantly reduced the elevated HbA1C level of diabetic rats by 15%, and it increased the level of insulin and C-peptide in blood and decreased glucagon level. Therefore, we conclude that FM in this study has a potency of prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.1277-1287
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effects of a short term comprehensive life style modification program on glycemic metabolism, lipid metabolism and body composition in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Method: A nonequivalent control group with a pre post test was designed. Data collection was done from October 2003 to June, 2004 at a hospital. Glycemic metabolism was measured by a.c., p.c. and $HbA_{1}c$, and lipid metabolism was measured by cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Body Composition was measured by body weight, body mass index, waist, measurement waist per hip ratio, body fat, muscle weight and abdominal fat tissue(intra abdominal distance). The Experimental group, which was composed of 29 participants, was educated based on a life style modification protocol at a weekly meeting for 12 weeks and carried out exercise, diet along individual parameters and self monitoring, while 24 participants in the control group received only diet education. Result: 1. The experimental group showed a significant lower a.c.(t=2.11, p=.04) and $HbA_{1}c$(t=2.65, p=.01) compared to those of the control group. 2. The experimental group showed a significant lower LDL than the results of the control group(t=2.42, p=.02). 3. The experimental group showed a significant lower weight(t=3.09, p=.00), BMI(t=3.01, p=.00), body fat(t=2.94, p=.01) and abdominal fat tissue(t=3.05, p=.01) than those of the control group. Conclusion: The results provided evidence for the effectiveness of a short term comprehensive life style modification program composed of exercise, diet, support, self efficacy elevation and self monitoring in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.501-510
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• 2019

This study aimed to find health related lifestyle factors that influence glycemic control for diabetes mellitus (DM) management strategies. This study used nested case-control design with matching variables that were not controlled by individuals such as age, sex, insulin or oral hypoglycemic agent (OHA) use, disease duration, education level and household income. This study analyzed 983 subjects with type 2 DM who enrolled in the $7^{th}$ (2016-2017) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The target HbA1c level of controlled glucose was defined as less than 6.5%, and 289 (30%) were achieved. Conditional multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to find self-control factors associated with HbA1c levels. The results statistically significant for variables such as duration of diabetes, insulin or OHA use in overall cohort and body mass index (BMI), smoking and fundus Examination in matched cohort. These results are expected to provide as evidence for the intensive care criteria(disease duration, drug use) and lifestyle management strategy(BMI, smoking, fundus examination).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.13 no.3 s.31
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• pp.259-267
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• 1989

In this paper, the fabric specimen undergoes repeated laundering under given condition. After this cyclic laundering was applied, the crease recoveries of the specimen were measured using shirley crease revovery tester in order to evaluate the effect of factors at given condition during crease deformation. 5 samples of grey plain cloth were desized, alkali-scoured, bleached, whased with water, and air-dried. All tests were made on samples preconditioned to $65\%\;RH\;and\;20^{\circ}C$. The experimental results were analysed statistically to relate crease recoveries and the properties of smaples, recovery periods (time) of crease. Furthermore, the crease recoveries of core-spun yarn woven fabrics were discussed in comparison with those values for $100\%$ combed cotton yarn woven fabric and $65\%$ polyester $35\%$ carded cotton blended yarn woven fabric. The results obtained are as follows; 1. Regardless of materials, remarkable decrease are observed in crease recoveries about 1-5 cycles of the repeated laundering, but slack decrease are observed in crease recoveries after 5 cycle of the re-peated laundering. 2. Crease recoveries ($\alpha$) of core-spun yarn woven fabrics are relate to recovery periods (t) of crease as follows; log$\alpha$=0.01415 log t+2.1168 ($r^2=0.94$) 3. Core-spun yarn woven fabrics were superior to $100\%$ combed cotton yarn woven fabrics and $65\%$ polyester $35\%$ carded cotton blended yarn woven fabric in crease recoveries. 4. Crease recoveries ($\alpha$) of core-spun yarn woven fabrics are relate to cover factor (CF), thickness (T) at pressure 0.5 $gf/cm^2$, weight (W) as follows; log$\alpha$=-0.3482 log CF-0.4924 log T-0.4727 W+2.4243 ($r^2=0.88$) 5. Crease recoveries ($\alpha$) of core-spun yarn woven fabrics are relate to 2HB/B, 2HB/W, $\sqrt[3]{B/W}$, WC/T which are concerning to formation of weared clothes and bending Iran formation behavior as follows: log $\alpha$=0.0091 2HB/B+0.4667 2HB/W+0.0185 $\sqrt[3]{B/W}$+0.0114 WC/T+1.8433 ($r^2=0.86$)

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.226-235
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• 2020

This study was undertaken to investigate factors that affect the assessment of complications in diabetic eye and kidney diseases. Data was obtained from the National Community Health Survey, 2017. The subjects included were 25,829 respondents who had been diagnosed with diabetes. Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the factors affecting associated diabetic eye disease (fundus examination) and kidney disease (microalbuminuria examination) complications. The diabetic eye disease complication rate was 35.6%, and diabetic kidney disease complication rate was 39.8%. Complications arising due to diabetes were determined to be 35.6% for eye diseases and 39.8% for kidney related diseases. Ed. Notes: The original sentence is not very lucid. I have suggested an alternate edit. I leave it to the author's discretion to accept or reject the same. Please delete whichever sentence is not suitable. Walking activity (OR=1.03, OR=1.02), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) recognition (OR=2.33, OR=2.33), blood glucose level recognition (OR=1.61, OR=1.71), diabetes drug therapy (OR=2.67, OR=3.05), and diabetic management education (OR=1.45, OR=1.47) were more likely to be evaluated for eye and kidney disease complications. Our results indicate that to increase the rate of screening for diabetic complications, it is necessary to develop a diabetes management system that includes the type and timing of diabetic complications, as well as different promotional methods that recognize HbA1C and blood glucose levels. Ed. Notes: Do you mean 'screening' methods? Please revise appropriately, if required. In addition, it is essential to develop a guideline for the management of diabetes mellitus, and to incorporate a screening test for diabetic complications in the national screening system.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.546-554
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• 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension often occur together, amplifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and emphasizing the need for a multitargeted treatment approach. American ginseng (AG) and Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) species could improve glycemic control via complementary mechanisms. Additionally, a KRG-inherent component, ginsenoside Rg3, may moderate blood pressure (BP). Our objective was to investigate the therapeutic potential of coadministration of Rg3-enriched Korean Red Ginseng (Rg3-KRG) and AG, added to standard of care therapy, in the management of hypertension and cardiometabolic risk factors in type-2 diabetes. Methods: Within a randomized controlled, parallel design of 80 participants with type-2 diabetes (HbA1c: 6.5-8%) and hypertension (systolic BP: 140-160 mmHg or treated), supplementation with either 2.25 g/day of combined Rg3-KRG + AG or wheat-bran control was assessed over a 12-wk intervention period. The primary endpoint was ambulatory 24-h systolic BP. Additional endpoints included further hemodynamic assessment, glycemic control, plasma lipids and safety monitoring. Results: Combined ginseng intervention generated a mean ± SE decrease in primary endpoint of 24-h systolic BP (-3.98 ± 2.0 mmHg, p = 0.04). Additionally, there was a greater reduction in HbA1c (-0.35 ± 0.1% [-3.8 ± 1.1 mmol/mol], p = 0.02), and change in blood lipids: total cholesterol (-0.50 ± 0.2 mmol/l, p = 0.01), non-HDL-C (-0.54 ± 0.2 mmol/l, p = 0.01), triglycerides (-0.40 ± 0.2 mmol/l, p = 0.02) and LDL-C (-0.35 ± 0.2 mmol/l, p = 0.06) at 12 wks, relative to control. No adverse safety outcomes were observed. Conclusion: Coadministration of Rg3-KRG + AG is an effective addon for improving BP along with attaining favorable cardiometabolic outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Ginseng derivatives may offer clinical utility when included in the polypharmacy and lifestyle treatment of diabetes. Clinical trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier, NCT01578837;