• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.493-498
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• 2006

Monascus purpureus MMK2를 이용하여 수용성 적색색소 생산을 위한 배양조건의 최적화에 관한 결과는 다음과 같다. 실험균주가 생산하는 적색색소의 최적 배양조건은 탄소원으로 wheat flour 3.0% 첨가, 질소원으로 $NaNO_3\;0.15%$, 인산염으로 $Na_2HPO_4\;12H_2O$의 농도가 0.25% 및 $MgSO_4$의 농도가 0.15%일 때 가장 높은 적색색소 생성을 나타내었다. 배양온도는 $30^{\circ}C$, 초기 pH가 6.5 및 배양시간 7일일 때 적색색소의 생성능은 모 균주의 생성능인 1.77unit에 비해 23.38배 높은 41.39 unit로 가장 우수한 특성을 조사하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.917-923
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• 2003

P. aeruginosa EMS1에 의한 수용성 절삭유의 생물학적 처리를 위한 환경요인과 최적조건을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 절삭유속에 함유된 각종 성분을 이용한 P aeruginosa EMSl의 생육 및 절삭유 분해 가능성을 검토하기 위하여 증류수에 절삭유를 1% 농도로 첨가하여 멸균한 후, P aeruginosa EMSl를 접종하여 균체 생육도 및 COD 제거율을 조사한 결과, 균주의 생육도는 극히 미약하고 약 12%의 COD 제거능을 가지고 있었다. 이것은 균주의 생육과 효율적인 COD제거능을 위하여 절삭유 속에 함유된 성분 외의 다른 일반적인 배지성분이 필요함을 시사한다. P. aeruginosa EMS1에 의한 1% 수용성 절삭유의 COD 제거율과 균주 생육도 향상을 위한 최적 배지조성은 0.3% NH_4NO_3,\; 0.05%\; K_2HPO_4,\; 0.04% KH_2PO_4,\; 0.05%\; MgSO_4.7H_2O,\; 0.03%\; CaCl_2.2H_2O,\; 0.04%\; FeSO_4.7H_2O$이었고, 최적배양 조건은 pH 7,$30^{\circ}C$, 50m$\ell$ / 300m$\ell$flask이었다. 이 조건에서 배양 4일 후, 87%의 COD가 제거되었다. 최적배지에서 COD 제거에 미치는 절삭유 농도의 영향을 조사한 결과, 절삭유 농도가 낮을수록 relative COD(%)가 낮았으며, 균체 생육도가 높음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 하여 현재 폐절삭유의 처리를 위해 시행되고 있는 물리화학적 처리 시스템의 후속 공정으로 생물학적 처리시스템을 구축하고, 표준 균주로서 P. aeruginesa EMS1이 사용될 경우, 잔여 절삭유의 완전 분해가 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.442-449
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• 2021

Background: Panax ginseng is an important crop in Asian countries given its pharmaceutical uses. It is usually harvested after 4-6 years of cultivation. However, various abiotic stresses have led to its quality reduction. One of the stress causes is high content of heavy metal in ginseng cultivation area. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can play a role in healthy growth of plants. It has been considered as a new trend for supporting the growth of many crops in heavy metal occupied areas, such as Aluminum (Al). Methods: In vitro screening of the plant growth promoting activities of five tested strains were detected. Surface-disinfected 2-year-old ginseng seedlings were dipping in Rhizobium panacihumi DCY116^T suspensions for 15 min and cultured in pots for investigating Al resistance of P. ginseng. The harvesting was carried out 10 days after Al treatment. We then examined H₂O₂, proline, total soluble sugar, and total phenolic contents. We also checked the expressions of related genes (PgCAT, PgAPX, and PgP5CS) of reactive oxygen species scavenging response and pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Results: Among five tested strains isolated from ginseng-cultivated soil, R. panacihumi DCY116^T was chosen as the potential PGPR candidate for further study. Ginseng seedlings treated with R. panacihumi DCY116^T produced higher biomass, proline, total phenolic, total soluble sugar contents, and related gene expressions but decreased H₂O₂ level than nonbacterized Al-stressed seedlings. Conclusion: R. panacihumi DCY116^T can be used as potential PGPR and "plant strengthener" for future cultivation of ginseng or other crops/plants that are grown in regions with heavy metal exposure.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 기능성 커피박 퇴비를 개발하고자 커피박과 커피박 퇴비의 특성을 분석하였다. 커피전문점의 커피박 pH, EC, Zn 함량이 상업용 커피박보다 높게 나타났으나 $K_2O$, CaO, MgO, $Na_2O$, Mn 함량은 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 주요 식물병원균 6종(Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium oxysporum, Phytophthora capsici, Alternaria alternata, and Botrytis cinerea)에 대한 커피전문점과 상업용 커피박 퇴비의 수용성 추출물의 항균활성을 검정한 결과, 공시한 6종의 식물병원균에 대한 항균력이 있음을 확인하였다. 커피박 추출물의 A. altanata 포자발아 억제 및 P. capsici 유주자낭 형성 억제효과를 조사 한 결과, 10% 깻묵+커피박 퇴비 수용성 추출물이 A. altanata의 분생포자 발아관의 신장과 P. capsici의 유주자낭 형성을 유의적으로 억제하였다. 커피박 퇴비의 기능성을 조사하고자 커피박을 90일간 부숙시키면서 30일 간격으로 총 폴리페놀 함량을 조사한 결과, 총 폴리페놀 함량은 부숙시간의 경과에 따라 증가하였으며, 10% 깻묵+커피박 퇴비에서 90일째에 가장 높은 총 페놀 함량인 평균 $0.35{\pm}0.03mg\;GAE/g$로 나타냈다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2001

PM 2.5/ samples were measured at two sites, Hadan(suburban site) and Anrak (roadside site) in Busan area. PM 2.5/ sampling was performed for 24-hour intervals by the FH9.5 particulate sampler. Aerosol samples were collected on PTFE filter. A total of 60 particulate samples were collected, dad samples were measured for Particulate mass concentration, metallic elements (Cr, Mn, Ni. Cu. Se, Fe, Pb, and Zn) and waer-soluble elements (C $l^{[-10]}$ , N $O_{3}$$^{[-10]}$ ,S $O_{4}$$^{2-}$, N $H_{4}$$^{+}$, $Ca_{2}$$^{+}$, $Mg_{2}$$^{+}$ and $^{+}$.Mass concentration in Hadan ranged 24.23~57.12 $\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ and 60.22~72.12 $\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥m Yellow Sand Events. Major cations in Hadan and Anrak site is N $H_{4}$$^{+}$and N $a^{+}$ respectively. SO42$^{[-10]}$ was the abundant specie in the PM 2.5 fraction for Hadan site an dAnrak site. Hadan site showed igher concentration in S $O_{4}$$^{2.1}$ and N $H_{4}$ $^{+}$ In Anrak site the concentration of S $O_{4}$/sip 2-/and N $a^{+}$ was higher than other ions Prominent metallic elements were Fe and Pb in two sites. Principal component analysis showed that main source of PM 2.5 aerosol particles was non-metal related source which was resulted in relating elements as Cr, Ni, and Pb at Hadan site, Anrak site also has resulted PM2.5 aerosol paricles source, which was related its element like Zn, and Ni,. The SAS package analysis also showed that long-range transport effect at Hadan area due to Yellow Sand Event by the prevailing weaterlies.ling weaterlies.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop novel nanoparticles based on polyion complex formation between low molecular weight water-soluble chitosan (LMWSC) and all-trans retinoic acid (atRA). LMWSC nanoparticles encapsulating atRA based on polyion complex were prepared by mixing of atRA into LMWSC aqueous solution using ultrasonication. In FTIR spectra, the carbonyl group of atRA at 1690 $cm^{-1}$ disappeared or decreased when ion complexes were formed between LMWSC and atRA. In ${1}^H$ NMR spectra, specific peaks of atRA disappeared when atRA-encapsulated LMWSC (RAC) nanoparticles were reconstituted into $D_{2}O$ while specific peaks both of atRA and LMWSC appeared in $D_{2}O$/DMSO (1/3, v/v) mixture. XRD patterns also showed that the crystal peaks of atRA were disappeared by encapsulation into LMWSC nanoparticles. LMWSC nanoparticles encapsulating atRA have spherical shapes with particle size below 200 nm. The mechanism of encapsulation of atRA into LMWSC nanoparticles was thought to be an ion complex formation between LMWSC and atRA. LMWSC nanoparticles showed high atRA loading efficiency over 90$\%$ (w/w). AtRA was continuously released from nanoparticles over 10 days. In in vitro cell cytotoxicity test, free atRA showed higher cytotoxic effect against CT 26 colon carcinoma cell line on 1 day. However, RAC nanoparticles showed similar cytotoxicity against CT 26 cells on 2 day. These results suggest the potential for the introduction of LMWSC nanoparticles into various biomedical fields such as drug delivery.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 1983

The stoichiometry between the consumption of CO and $O_2$ and the production of $CO_2(2CO+O_2{\rightarrow}2CO_2)$) showed that Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena grows as a typical aerobic CO oxidizer with CO. The optimal concentration of CO for growth was found to be 30% in gas mixture with air. The initial buffer concentration of the culture medium did not affect the growth of this bacterium. P. carboxydohydrogena is an obligate aerobe and dose not use nitrate as a terminal electron acceptor. The CO dehydrogenase is an inducible and soluble enzyme. The reaction rate and stability were maximal at pH7.5, and the Arrhenius plot revealed an activation energy of 37.7kJ/mol (9.0 Kcal/mol). The crude enzyme used methylene blue, thionin, and toluylene blue as electron acceptors for the oxidation of CO to $Co_2$ under anaerobic conditions. It was found that water must be the source of the second oxygen atom for CO oxidation.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.17-28
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• 1997

공단폐수슬러지를 퇴비화하여 농지이용가능성을 조사하기 위하여 수분조절제로서 톱밥 또는 왕겨를 첨가하여 혼합한 다음 소형퇴비화조에서 퇴비화과정중 온도, pH, 무기성분, 유기물 및 질소의 형태, 지방산, 미생물종 및 개체수 변화 등의 물질변화를 조사하였다. 공단폐수슬러지에 수분조절제로 톱밥 및 왕겨를 첨가하였을 경우 공히 퇴비화과정중 온도 및 $CO_2$발생량은 퇴비화 2일에 최고에 달하여 그후 서서히 감소하여 퇴비화 6일 후에는 실온과 비슷하였다. C/N율은 퇴비화가 진행됨에 따라 약간 증가하는 경향이었다. 그리고 pH는 퇴비화 초기에는 변화가 없었으나 그후 급격히 증가한 다음 서서히 감소하여 퇴비화 후기 pH는 약 8.7~8.8범위였다. 공단폐수슬러지에 수분조절제로 톱밥 및 왕겨를 첨가 하였을 경우 공히 퇴비화과정중 $P_2O_5$, $K_2O$, CaO, MgO 및 Fe함량 약간 증가하였으며 $SO_4$함량은 퇴비화 초기에 비하여 후기에 약 62~67% 증가되었다. 퇴비화과정중 ether추출물질, 수용성 polysaccharides, hemicellulose 및 cellulose는 감소하였고, resins 및 lignin은 큰 변화가 없였으며, 퇴비화과정중 총질소 및 유기태질소는 감소하였나 무기태 질소는 증가하였다. 퇴비화과정중 총지방산은 감소하였으며, 미생물개체수는 수분조절제의 종류, 미생물의 종류 및 퇴비화 기간에 따라 변화가 심하였다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2003

In this study, broilers were raised up to 6 weeks of age in a single room to determine if different levels of dietary protein or addition of aluminum sulfate[alum, $Al_2$(SO$_4$)$_3$ㆍ14$H_2O$] to the litter affected growth performance, production of ammonia(NH$_3$) and soluble phosphorus(SP) content of the litter.The experimental treatments consisted of six treatments in a 2x3 factorial arrangements: T$_1$＝23% protein ＋ 0.2% alum to litter; T$_2$＝21% protein ＋ 0.2% alum to litter; T$_3$＝19% protein ＋ 0.2% alum to litter; T$_4$＝23% protein ＋ no alum; T$_{5}$＝21% protein ＋ no alum; T$_{6}$＝19% protein ＋ no alum. For broiler performance, there was no effect of alum addition to the litter, but the dietary protein levels significantly affected feed intake from days 22 to 42(P<0.05) and day 0 to 42(P< 0.05), weight gain during all periods(P<0.05 or 0.01), and feed:gain from day 0 to 21(P<0.05) and day 0 to 42(P<0.05). Alum addition to the litter did not affect body weight at 21 and 42 days, but dietary protein levels has a significant effect on it at both 21(P<0.0l) and 42 days(P<0.05). Alum addition only affected ammonia production at weeks 3(P

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2019

Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae), which is a well-known food seasoning, has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and anorexia in Korea, China and Japan. Methanol extract from the fruit of P. nigrum was successively partitioned as n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and $H_2O$ soluble fractions. Among those fractions the ethyl acetate soluble fraction showed the most potent DPPH radical scavenging activity, and piperine was isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction. To know the antioxidant activity of piperine, we tested the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase together with oxidative stress tolerance and intracellular ROS level in Caenorhabditis elegans. To investigate whether piperine-mediated increased stress tolerance was due to regulation of stress-response gene, we quantified SOD-3 expression using transgenic strain including CF1553. Consequently, piperine enhanced SOD and catalase activities of C. elegans, and reduced intracellular ROS accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, piperine-treated CF1553 worms exhibited significantly higher SOD-3::GFP intensity.