• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.152-156
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• 1994

The purplish red pigment from the roots of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, a Korean edible wild plant, has been investigated concerning it's value as a natural colorant for Korean traditional foods. An attempt was made to isolate pigments and define their characteristics. Two compounds of isobutylshikonin and acetylshikonin were identified by melting point determination and spectra of UV, IR, and $^{1}H-NMR$. To examine the utility of these naphthoquinone pigments for foods, the effect of various pH values on stability were determined over a period of storage. Buffered solutions of acetylshikonin and isobutylshikonin at pH 3 and 5 showed stable purplish red. The absorption maxima if acetylshikonin and isobutylshikonin over the range of pH 3 to 7 were 518 nm and 520 nm, respectively. A bathochromic shift to 588 nm at pH 10 was observed on these two naphthoquinone pigments. Sensory evaluation was performed with acetylshikonin and isobutylshikonin of identical absorbance. These two pigments revealed purplish red color in Munsell system.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.151-159
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated the anti-oxidative activities and cell protective effects of the constituents isolated from S. aqueum branches. DPPH and $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activities were screened for the ethanol extract and solvent fractions, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and butanol (BuOH) fractions showed potent activities. When HaCaT cells were treated with $H_2O_2$, the ethanol extract and EtOAc fractions ($20{\mu}g/mL$) protected the cells against oxidative damage. Two constituents were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of S. aqueum branches; pinocembrin (1), desmethoxymatteucinol (2). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on the spectroscopic data including $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR spectra, as well as comparison of the data to the literature values. Anti-oxidative activities and cell protective effects were studied for the isolated compounds. For the anti-oxidative activities, all of the compounds 1 and 2 showed DPPH and $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activities. Also, from the cell protective effect test, the compounds 1 and 2 protected the cell against oxidative stress by $H_2O_2$. Based on these results, S. aqueum branches extract could be potentially applicable as anti-oxidant ingredients in cosmetic industries.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.230-234
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• 2001

The extract of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica cortex has known as natural anti-inflammatory substance in East Asia. For the identification of antimicrobial substance, it was extracted by using methanol and fractionated by using different organic solvents. The fraction of butanol was represented the highest antimicrobial activities. Therefore, the butanol fraction was purified and identified the chemical structure by $^1$H and $^{13}$ C-NMR spectra, FT-IR and EI/MS spectroscopies. The isolated antimicrobial substance was identified as cis-2-[3,4-dihydroxy phenyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol, which has commonly known as (-)epicatechin. Its minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes were shown as 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1988.08a
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• pp.122-128
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• 1988

Several major polyacetylene compounds were isolated from the petroleum-ether fraction of fresh Korean ginseng roots through solvent fractionation. partition and silica gel column chromatography. Further separation of acetylenic compounds was accomplished by bonded normal phase HPLC utilizing a moderately nonpolar microparticulate column. The preparative separation for the various spectral measurements was carried out by low pressure preparative liquid chromatography. The chemical structure of these polyacetylenes separated was determined by UV. IR/FTIR. $^{1}H$ NMR. mass spectral and elemental analysis. These are identified to be heptadeca-1-en-4.6-diyn-3.9.l0.-triol [1] heptadeca-1.9-dien-4.6-diyn-3-ol. heptadeca-1.8-dien-4.6-diyn-3.10-diol and the 4th was denatured polyacetylene. heptadeca-1.4-dien-6.8-diyn-3.10-diol. Two different p-substituted benzoates of panaxynol were synthesized for the determination of exciton chirality. The circular dichroism spectra in the UV region show that panaxynol p-bromobenzoate and p-dimethyl-aminobenzoate constitute negative exciton chirality [2]. Isolated major polyacetylene compounds were irradiated in aerated solution with 300 nm UV light to obtain the oxidized product at the allylic alcohol center to corresponding carbonyl compounds such as heptadeca-1-en-4.6-diyn-9.10-diol-3-one and heptadeca-1.9-dien-4.6-diyn-3-one. These photooxidation compounds have en-on-diyne chromophore and undergo nucleophilic addition reaction with methanol to yield ${\beta}-methoxy$ carbonyl compounds such as heptadeca-9-en-4.6-diyn-1-methoxy-3-one and heptadeca-4.6-diyn-1-methoxy-9.10-diol-3-one.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.19-32
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• 1990

Lipid levels in the tissues of liver and intestines of O.bartrami amounted to 40.0% and 1.5%. The new compounds was found to be ethyl acylates, from a deduction of their detailed $^1H-nuclear$ magnetic resonance(NMR) and $^{13}C-NMR$ as well as infra red spectra (IR). The fatty acid composition of total lipids were mainly composed of C16:0(19.0%), C18:1(16.2%) and $C22:6{\omega}3$(15.7%), followed by C20:1(9.4%), C22:1(6.4%) and C18:0(5.4%). New compound A and B were seemed to derived from the cleavage of glycerol moieties of triglycerides by microbial activities during storage in a frozen state. Compound A contained C16:0(38.2%), C18:1(13:4%), C20:1(13.3%) and C22:1(11.7%) as major components, while compound B predominantly comprised polyunsaturated fatty acid such as $C20:5{\omega}3$ (41.2%) and $C22:6{\omega}3$(36.1%). In both compounds small amounts of odd numbered fatty acids were also detected ($3.8{\sim}2.2%$).

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.321-324
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• 2014

Fresh and chopped aerial parts of Oryza sativa were extracted in 80% aqueous mehthanol, and the concentrated extract was successively partitioned in n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and $H_2O$ fractions. From the n-BuOH fraction, two compounds were isolated through repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatography (c.c.). Based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy spectroscopic data, the compounds were identified to be adenosine (1) and phlomuroside (2). Especially, the configuration of both the anomer hydroxyl groups was determined as ${\beta}$ from the coupling constants of the anomer protons (J =6.0 and 7.6 Hz) in the $^1H-NMR$ spectra. This is the first report for the isolation of these compounds from Oryza sativa L.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.953-958
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• 2008

A novel anthraquinone diamino-bridged bis($\beta$ -cyclodextrin) 2 was synthesized. The inclusion complexation behaviors of the native $\beta$ -cyclodextrin 1 and the novel bis($\beta$ -cyclodextrin) 2 with guests, such as acridine red (AR), neutral red (NR), ammonium 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), sodium 2-(p-toluidinyl) naphthalenesulfonate (TNS) and rhodamine B (RhB) were investigation by fluorescence, circular dichroism and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The spectral titrations were performed in phosphate buffer (pH 7.20) at 25 ${^{\circ}C}$ to give the complex stability constants (Ks) and Gibbs free energy changes (−${\Delta}G^0$) for the stoichiometric 1:1 inclusion complexation of host 1 and 2 with guests. The results indicated that the novel bis($\beta$ -cyclodextrin) 2 greatly enhanced the original binding affinity of the native $\beta$ -cyclodextrin 1. Typically, bis($\beta$ -cyclodextrin) 2 showed the highest binding constant towards ANS up to 34.8 times higher than that of 1. The 2D NMR spectra of bis($\beta$ -cyclodextrin) 2 with RhB and TNS were performed to confirm the binding mode. The increased binding affinity and molecular selectivity of guests by bis($\beta$ -cyclodextrin) 2 were discussed from the viewpoint of the size/shape-fit concept and multipoint recognition mechanism.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.541-550
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• 2010

A new $N_4O_3$ heptadentate ligand, N,N'-Bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)-1,3-bis[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-2-propanol(H-BAP 4HCl)was synthesized. The hydrochloric acid salts of Br-BAP 4HCl, Cl-BAP 4HCl, $CH_3O$-BAP 4HCl and $CH_3$-BAP 4HCl containing Br-, Cl-, H-, $CH_3O-$ and $CH_{3^-}$ groups at the para-site of the phenol group of the H-BAP were synthesized. The structures of the ligands were confirmed by C. H. N. atomic analysis and $^1H$ NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR, UV-visible and mass spectra. The elemental stepwise protonation constants(${logK_n}^H$) of the synthesized $N_4O_3$ ligands showed six steps of the proton dissociation. The orders of the overall dissociation constants($log{\beta}_p$) of the ligands were Br-BAP < Cl-BAP < H-BAP < $CH_3O$-BAP < $CH_3$-BAP. The orders agreed well with that of Hammett substituent constants($\sigma_p$). The calculated stability constants($logK_{ML}$) between the ligands and transition metal ions agreed well with the order of the overall proton dissociation constants of the ligands but they showed a reverse order in Hammestt substituent constants($\sigma_p$). The order of the stability constants between the transition metal ions with the ligands were Co(II) < Ni(II) < Cu(II) > Zn(II) > Cd(II) > Pb(II).

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.100-108
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• 1999

Cop protein is the transcription repressor protein in rolling circle replication plasmid. With antisense RNA, Cop protein controls the copy number of plasmid. Cop family proteins have been found in various plasmids. Among Cop family proteins, Cop studied in this paper consists of 55 amino acids (Mw. 6,400), and was known to have trimer structure. Since no structural facts are elucidated, we have carried out preliminary experiments aimed at the elucidation of its three dimensional structure. The secondary structure of Cop is studied by CD and NMR. To solve the aggregation of Cop at high concentration, we tested various detergents and salts. The addition of detergents and salts could not solve the aggregation problem. However, we found that concentration is important in solving the aggregation problem. We knew that 0.18mM in 50mM potassium phosphate without any other ingredients is maximum concentration not to aggregate. Wa also investigated the pH dependence of Cop protein, and knew that Cop protein is more stable in acid state. At various temperatures, 15N-1H HSQC spectra were measured in order to find the optimal experimental condition. To enhance the peak resolution, 3D NOESY-HSQC spectrum is acquired. Since there are NOE peaks in the NH-NH region, we knew that Cop protein has $\alpha$-helical content, which was also confirmed by CD.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.873-881
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• 2009

Bis(phenylethynyl)dimethylsilane is branched by the hydrosilation of the phenylethynyl group with dichloromethylsilane, and then the resulting chlorosilane is reacted with lithium phenylacetylide to give the $1^{st}$ generation. The same hydrosilation and alkynylation are repeated to obtain the $7^{th}$ generation. In addition peripheral Si-Cl moiety of the seven kind generation dendrimers are reacted with alcoholic moiety of 9-hydroxymethylanthracene and 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole group in the presence of TMEDA. Then three kinds of carbosilane dendrimers are prepared from the $1^{st}$ to the $7^{th}$ generations, the $7^{th}$ generation of each dendrimer has 256 phenylethynyl, 256 9-anthracenylmethoxy, or 128 2-(2-phenoxy)benzoxazole groups. Each synthesized dendrimer is unequivocally characterized by $^1H\;and\;^{13}C\;NMR$, elemental analysis, MALDI-MS, GPC, and PL (photoluminescence). Characteristically PDI (Polydisperse Index) values of the dendrimers’ peak in GPC are in the range of $1.00{\sim}1.07$, which indicates that each generation of carbosilane is in unified distribution. PL spectra of phenylethynyl and 9- anthracenemethoxy group substituted dendrimers show no significant change with increasing the generation from the $1^{st}$ to the $7^{th}$. However, the PL spectra of 2-(2-phenoxy)benzoxazole group substituted dendrimers show a blue-shift trend with increasing the generation from the $1^{st}$ to the $7^{th}$.