• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.594-602
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• 2011

The effect of ${\alpha}$-, ${\beta}$- and ${\gamma}$-picolines on the stereochemistry of the coordination compounds of lanthanide(III) nitrates derived from 4[N-(furfural)amino]antipyrine semicarbazone (FFAAPS) has been studied. The general composition of the present coordination compounds is [Ln(FFAAPS)$(NO_3)_3$Pic] (Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy or Ho and Pic=${\alpha}$-, ${\beta}$- or ${\gamma}$-picolines). All these coordination compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses, molecular weight, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, infrared and electronic spectra. The infrared studies suggest that the FFAAPS behaves as a neutral tridentate ligand with N, N, O donor while ${\alpha}$-, ${\beta}$- or ${\gamma}$-picoline is coordinated to the lanthanide(III) ions via heterocyclic N-atom. Nitrates are bicovalently bonded in these compounds. From the electronic spectral data, nephelauxetic effect (${\beta}$), covalence factor ($b^{1/2}$), Sinha parameter (${\delta}%$) and the covalence angular overlap parameter (${\eta}$) have been calculated. Thermal stabilities of these complexes have been studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The coordination number of lanthanide(III) ions in the present compound is found to be ten. The antibacterial studies screening of the primary ligand FFAAPS and the complexes showed that the present complexes have moderate antibacterial activities.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.683-686
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• 1995

Using by the x-ray diffractometry(XRD), the thermomagnetic analysis(TMA), a scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), we knew that the $(Sm_{0.5}RE_{0.5})Fe_{11}Ti$ (RE=Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Gd,Tb) compounds were formed to tetragonal $ThMn_{12}$-type structure having a uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy with easy magnetization c-axis. The intrinsic magnetic properties of those were determined by fitting the two magnetization curves of experimental and calculation magnetization. The anisotropy constant $K_{1}$ of this compounds was in the range of $1.75\;-\;9.2\;MJ/m^{3}$ and approximately one order higher than $K_{2}$. $SmFe_{11}Ti$ had the highest anisotropy of $K_{1}\;=\;9.2\;MJ/m^{3}$, $K_{2}\;=\;0.4\;MJ/m^{3}$ and ${\mu}_{o}H_{A}=\;19.8\;T$ among the compounds, substitution of any other rare earth elements for Sm decreased magnetocrystalline anisotropy.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.747-749
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• 2008

We introduce a pixel-structured scintillator realized on a flexible polymeric substrate and demonstrate its feasibility as an X-ray converter when it is coupled to photosensitive elements. The sample was prepared by filling $Gd_2O_2S:Tb$ scintillation material into a square-pore-shape cavity array fabricated with polyethylene. For comparison, a sample with the conventional continuous geometry was also prepared. Although the pixelated geometry showed X-ray sensitivity of about 58% compared with the conventional geometry, the resolving power was improved by about 70% above a spatial frequency of 3 $mm^{-1}$. The spatial frequency at 10% of the modulation-transfer function was about 6 $mm^{-1}$.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

Patient dose verification is one of the most Important responsibilities of the physician in the treatment delivery of radiation therapy. For the task, it is necessary to use an accurate dosimeter that can verify the patient dose profile, and it is also necessary to determine the physical characteristics of beams used in intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) The Beam Intensity Scanner (BInS) System is presented for the dosimetric verification of the two dimensional photon beam. The BInS has a scintillator, made of phosphor Terbium-doped Gadolinium Oxysulphide (Gd$_2$O$_2$S:Tb), to produce fluorescence from the irradiation of photon and electron beams. These fluoroscopic signals are collected and digitized by a digital video camera (DVC) and then processed by custom made software to express the relative dose profile in a 3 dimensional (3D) plot. As an application of the BInS, measurements related to IWRT are made and presented in this work. Using a static multileaf collimator (SMLC) technique, the intensity modulated beam (IMB) is delivered via a sequence of static portals made by controlled leaves. Thus, when static subfields are generated by a sequence of abutting portals, the penumbras and scattered photons of the delivered beams overlap in abutting field regions and this results in the creation of “hot spots”. Using the BInS, inter-step “hot spots” inherent in SMLC are measured and an empirical method to remove them is proposed. Another major MLC technique in IMRT, the dynamic multileaf collimator (DMLC) technique, has different characteristics from SMLC due to a different leaf operation mechanism during the irradiation of photon and electron beams. By using the BInS, the actual delivered doses by SMLC and DMLC techniques are measured and compared. Even if the planned dose to a target volume is equal in our experimental setting, the actual delivered dose by DMLC technique is measured to be larger by 14.8% than that by SMLC, and this is due to scattered photons and contaminant electrons at d$_{max}$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.202.1-202.1
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• 2015

탄소의 $sp^2$ 혼성으로 이루어진 2차원 단일시트(two-dimensional single sheet)인 그래핀은 기계적, 열역학적, 전기적 특성이 매우 우수하며 특히 고유연성과 투명성을 가진다는 장점 때문에 오랜 기간 주목 받으며 다양한 분야에서 연구되어 왔다. 이러한 그래핀을 만드는 방법에는 화학적 증기 증착법 및 흑연으로부터의 물리적, 화학적 박리 방법이 있다. 양질의 그래핀을 대면적에서 획득 할 수 있는 화학적 증기 증착법의 경우 높은 공정 비용과 함께 수반되어야 하는 전사과정의 어려움으로 인하여 실제 상용화에 어려움이 있다. 이러한 단점의 극복을 위해 대량의 그래핀을 저렴하게 확보 할 수 있는 화학적 박리 방법이 주목을 받고 있다. 화학적 박리 방법의 경우 박리 과정에서 수반되는 산화 그래핀의 환원과정이 필요하였으며, 이를 위해 강력한 환원제를 이용한 화학적 환원 방법, 고온에서의 열처리를 이용한 열역학적 환원 방법, 및 빛을 노광시켜 산화 그래핀을 환원시키는 광학적 방법이 시도되었다. 화학적 및 열역학적 환원방법의 경우 고품질의 환원된 산화 그래핀을 획득 할 수 있으나, 강한 환원제 및 높은 열처리 온도로 인하여 유연 기판의 사용이 제한되는 단점이 있다. 이러한 단점을 극복하기 위해 빛을 이용한 광학적 방법이 제시되었으나, 환원과정에 사용되는 단파장의 자외선 광원의 높은 가격으로 인하여 경제성의 확보가 제한된다. 본 논문에서는 우수한 광학적 특성을 보이는 란타넘족 이온을 사용하여 선택적 파장 대에서 높은 광흡수도를 가지는 산화 그래핀-란타넘 이온 혼합용액을 만들었으며, 가시광선대역의 파장을 가지는 레이저를 사용하여 우수한 품질을 가지는 환원된 산화 그래핀을 제작하였다. 구체적으로 산화 그래핀은 modified hummer's method를 이용하여 만들어졌으며, 자외선 대역을 흡수하는 $Gd_{3+}$, 녹색 레이저를 흡수하는 $Tb_{3+}$, 적색 레이저를 흡수하는 $Eu^{3+}$를 1 mM 섞어주었다. 그 후, 300~800 nm의 파장을 가지는 레이저를 $1mW/cm^2$를 노광시켜 산화 그래핀을 환원시켰다. 환원된 산화 그래핀의 특성은 FT-IR, UV-Vis, 저온 PL, SEM, XPS 및 전기측정을 이용해 측정하여 재현성 및 반복성을 확인하였다.