• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 제주 천연 물질인 다정큼나무와 참가시나무 잎 추출물에서 항산화 효과를 확인하였다. 두 추출물에 대한 항산화 효과 및 세포독성 효과를 농도별, 시간별로 비교 분석한 바, 다정큼나무와 참가시나무 추출물에서 농도 의존적으로 DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 나타내었다. 다정큼나무와 참가시나무 추출물의 5 mg/mL 농도에서 89.93%, 92.41%의 DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 나타내어 다정큼나무보다 참가시나무 추출물에서 더 높은 항산화 효과를 확인하였다. 총 페놀 함량은 다정큼나무 추출물에서는 65.20 mg GAE/g, 참가시나무 추출물에서는 85.20 mg GAE/g 으로 참가시나무에서 더 높은 총 페놀 함량을 나타내며 DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 상관성 있는 결과를 확인하였다. 산화적 스트레스에 의한 간세포(HepG2) 및 폐세포(A549) 보호효과는 두 가지 추출물 모두 약 10%의 세포 보호능을 나타내며 다소 낮은 효과를 나타내었다. 추출물의 폐세포에 대한 독성율은 $100{\mu}g/mL$ 이하의 농도에서 독성을 나타내지 않았다. 본 연구 결과는 다정큼나무 및 참가시나무 추출물을 이용한 항산화 물질 개발을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2012

상록활엽수인 가시나무와 낙엽활엽수인 상수리나무 낙엽의 분해율 및 분해과정에 따른 영양염류의 함량 변화를 파악하기 위해 2008년 12월 공주의 상수리나무군락에 낙엽주머니를 설치하고 2009년 3월부터 2010년 12월까지 3개월 간격으로 낙엽주머니를 수거하여 분해율, 분해상수(k), 그리고 분해과정에 따른 C/N비, C/P비의 변화와 영양염류의 동태를 조사하였다. 24개월경과 후 상수리나무 낙엽과 가시나무 낙엽의 잔존률은 각각 $46.3{\pm}5.4%$와 $37.8{\pm}2.5%$로 가시나무 낙엽의 분해가 상수리나무 낙엽의 분해보다 빠르게 진행되는 것으로 나타났다. 24개월경과 후 상수리나무 낙엽과 가시나무 낙엽의 분해상수(k)는 각각 0.38과 0.49로 가시나무 낙엽의 분해상수가 높게 나타났다. 상수리나무 낙엽의 분해과정에 따른 C/N. C/P 비율은 초기에 각각 46.8, 270.9 이었으나 24개월경과 후에는 각각 22.5와 104.2로 점차 감소하였으며, 가시나무 낙엽의 경우 초기 C/N, C/P 비율은 각각 22.4와 41.7로 나타났고, 24개월경과 후에는 각각 16.7와 89.9로 나타났다. 낙엽의 초기 N, P, K, Ca, Mg 함량은 상수리나무 낙엽에서 각각 8.31, 0.44, 4.18, 9.38, 1.37 mg/g, 가시나무 낙엽에서 각각 19.88, 2.73, 7.06, 8.24, 2.61 mg/g으로 가시나무 낙엽의 질소와 인의 함량이 상수리나무 낙엽에 비해 현저히 높았다. 24개월경과 후 N, P, K, Ca, Mg의 잔존률은 상수리나무 낙엽에서 각각 100.91, 114.75, 32.99, 50.63, 15.51% 이었고, 가시나무 낙엽에서 각각 43.22, 11.35, 12.98, 82.22, 44.23% 로 조사기간 동안에 상수리나무 낙엽에서는 질소와 인의 부동화가, 가시나무 낙엽에서는 질소와 인의 무기화가 진행되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.62-70
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• 1989

본 실험은 식이중에 첨가된 coenzyme Q10이 adriamycin (ADR)을 투여한 흰쥐의 심근 미세 구조에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 실시되었다. 실험군은 모두 ADR 2수준(1.0mg/kg B.W./week, 2.0mg/kg B.W./week)과 coenzyme Q10 3수준(무첨가군, 0.1g / kg diet 및 0.5g / kg diet)에 의한 6개의 실험군과 basal diet만을 공급하는 대조군을 설정하였다. 체중증가량은 ADR의 투여수준이 높을수록 유의적으로 감소되었으며 식이효율에 있어서는 고수준의 ADR 투여시에만 대조군에 비하여 감소되었다. 그러나 coenzyme Q10에 의한 회복효과는 나타나지 않았다. 혈장내 CPK 활성도는 ADR투여로 약간 증가되었으나 유의적인 차이는 없었으며 coenzyme Q10 급여에 대한 영향은 나타나지 않았다. 전자현미경을 통해 심장조직의 형태적변화를 살펴본 결과 ADR투여로 인해 심근세포내 미세구조의 변성을 관찰할 수 있었고 특히 mitochondria 의 변형, myofibil을 비롯한 세포 소기관의 소실 및 파괴로 빈 공간이 형성되어 있었으나 coenzyme Q10 급여군에서는 그 정도가 약화되었다. 고수준의 ADR 투여는 mitochondria 의 volume density와 surface density를 크게 감소시켰지만 고수준의 coenzyme Q10 급여에 의해 이러한 감소가 조절되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권18호
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• pp.8247-8252
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• 2016

Background: The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) degrades a variety of proteins which attach to specific signals. The ubiquitination pathway facilitates degradation of damaged proteins and regulates growth and stress responses. This pathway is altered in various cancers, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and breast cancer. Recently it has been reported that expression of newly characterized human genes, UBE2Q1 and UBE2Q2, putative members of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family (E2), has been also changed in colorectal cancer. Epigenetics is one of the fastest-growing areas of science and nowadays has become a central issue in biological studies of diseases. According to the lack of information about the role of epigenetic changes on gene expression profiling of UBE2Q1 and UBE2Q2, and the presence of CpG islands in the promoter of these two human genes, we decided to evaluate the promoter methylation status of these genes as a first step. Materials and Methods: The promoter methylation status of UBE2Q1 and UBE2Q2 was studied by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) in tumor samples of 60 colorectal cancer patients compared to adjacent normal tissues and 20 non-malignant controls. The frequency of the methylation for each gene was analyzed by chi-square method. Results: MSP results revealed that UBE2Q2 gene promoter were more unmethylated, while a higher level of methylated allele was observed for UBE2Q1 in tumor tissues compared to the adjacent normal tissues and the non malignant controls. Conclusions: UBE2Q1 and UBE2Q2 genes show different methylation profiles in CRC cases.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.345-350
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• 2005

Objectives : Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are risk factors for lung cancer, have been reported to induce oxidative DNA damage. The paraoxonase (PON) plays a significant role in the detoxification of a variety of organophosphorous compounds, with paraoxonase-1 (PON1) being one of the endogenous free-radical scavenging systems in the human body. The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the effects of PAH exposure, oxidative stress and the Q192R polymorphism of PON1 genes, and their interactions in the carcinogenesis of lung cancer. Methods : One hundred and seventy seven lung cancer patients and 177 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled in this study. Each subject was asked to complete a questionnaire concerning their smoking habits and environmental exposure to PAHs. The Q192R genotypes of the PON1 gene was examined, and the concentrations of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), 2-naphthol and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) measured. Results : Cigarette smoking was found to be a significant risk factor for lung cancer. The urinary 8-OH-dG level was higher in the patients, whereas the urinary 1-OHP and 2-naphthol levels were higher in the controls. There was a significant correlation between the urinary levels of 8-OHdG and 1-OHP in both the cases and controls. The PON1 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. Individuals carrying the Q/Q genotype of the PON1 gene were found to be at higher risk of developing lung cancer. There was a significant correlation between the urinary levels of 8-OH-dG and 1-OHP in those with the PON1 Q/Q genotype. Conclusions : These results lead to the conclusion that PAHs would induce oxidative DNA damage, especially in individuals with the PON1 Q/Q genotype. Therefore, people with the PON1 Q/Q genotype would be more susceptible to lung cancer than those with the R/R or Q/R genotypes of the PON1 gene.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.103-109
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• 1982

여러가지 질산우라늄용액에 대한 우라늄의 용존농도, 질산의 노르말농도 및 용액의 밀도등을 측정하여 얻은 결과를 최소자승법으로 분석한 후 우라늄의 용존농도와 질산의 노르말농도만을 알므로서 질산우라늄용액속에 들어있는 물의 함량을 결정할 수 있는 실험식, Q=1-0.3628C-0.0327H$^{+}$,을 유도하였다. 여기서 Q, C 및 H$^{+}$는 각각 물함량(g/cc), 우라늄의 용존농도(g/cc)및 질산의 노르말농도를 뜻한다. 그리고 이 유도식을 써서 임의 우라늄용액에 대한 구성원소별 원자수밀도와 핵임계도를 산출하고 그 결과를 우라늄의 용존농도, 질산의 노르말농도 및 용액의 밀도를 근거로 하여 얻은 값과 비교해 보았다. 그 결과 유도식은 우라늄의 용존농도 0.004~0.2959g/cc 및 질산의 노르말농도 1.00~5.06사이에서 유용하게 쓰일 수 있을 것으로 보였다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate relative bioavailability of the coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in emulsion and three liposome formulations after a single oral administration (60 mg/kg) into rats. Emulsion formulation of CoQ10 was prepared by conventional method using Phospholipon 85G as an emulsifier, and three liposome formulations (neutral, anionic, and cationic) of CoQ10 were prepared by traditional lipid film hydration technique using Phospholipon 85G, cholesterol, and charge carrier lipids (1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride salt for cationic liposome and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate monosodium salt for anionic liposome). Mean particle size of all CoQ10-loaded liposome was less than a micron, and size distribution of the liposome population was homogeneous. Bioavailability of CoQ10 in emulsion was 1.5 to 2.6-fold greater than liposome formulations in terms of $AUC_{0-24\;h}$. $T_{max}$ was 3 h when administered as emulsion while it was greater than 6 h in liposome formulations. Notably, it was approximately 8 h in cationic liposome. $C_{max}$ was highest in emulsion and was significantly decreased when administered as liposome. Charged liposome showed even lower $C_{max}$ than neutral liposome, especially in cationic liposome. In conclusion, therefore, it is suggested that clinicians and patients consider bioavailability issue a primary concern when choosing a CoQ10 product, especially when very high plasma level is required such as in the treatment of heart failure and Parkinson's disease.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.250-255
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• 2004

The aim of this work was to investigate the adsorption isotherm and kinetic model for the biosorption of lead $(Pb^{2+})$ by Rhodotorula aurantiaca and to examine the environmental factors for this metal removal. Within five minutes of contact, $Pb^{2+}$ sorption reached nearly 86% of the total $Pb^{2+}$ sorption. The optimum initial pH value for removal of $Pb^{2+}$ was 5.0. The percentage sorption increased steeply with the biomass concentration up to 2 g/l and thereafter remained more or less constant. The Langmuir sorption model provided a good fit throughout the concentration range. The conformity of these data to the Langmuir model indicated that biosorption of $Pb^{2+}$ by R. aurantiaca could be characterized as a monolayer, single-site type phenomenon with no interaction between ions adsorbed in neighboring sites. The maximum $Pb^{2+}$ sorption capacity $(q_{max})$ and Langmuir constant (b) were 46.08 mg/g of biomass and 0.04 l/mg, respectively. The pseudo second-order equation was well fitted to the experimental data. The correlation coefficients for the linear plots of t/q against t for the second-order equation were 0.999 for all the initial concentrations of biosorbent for contact times of 180 min. The theoretical $q_{eq}$ value was very close to the experimental $q_{eq}$ value.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.165-172
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• 2017

Background: This study investigated the temporal variation in soil $CO_2$ efflux and its relationship with soil temperature and precipitation in the Quercus glauca and Abies koreana forests in Jeju Island, South Korea, from August 2010 to December 2012. Q. glauca and A. koreana forests are typical vegetation of warm-temperate evergreen forest zone and sub-alpine coniferous forest zone, respectively, in Jeju island. Results: The mean soil $CO_2$ efflux of Q. glauca forest was $0.7g\;CO_2\;m^{-2}\;h^{-1}$ at $14.3^{\circ}C$ and that of A. koreana forest was $0.4g\;CO_2\;m^{-2}\;h^{-1}$ at $6.8^{\circ}C$. The cumulative annual soil $CO_2$ efflux of Q. glauca and A. koreana forests was 54.2 and $34.2t\;CO_2\;ha^{-1}$, respectively. Total accumulated soil carbon efflux in Q. glauca and A. koreana forests was 29.5 and $18.7t\;C\;ha^{-1}$ for 2 years, respectively. The relationship between soil $CO_2$ efflux and soil temperate at 10 cm depth was highly significant in the Q. glauca ($r^2=0.853$) and A. koreana forests ($r^2=0.842$). Soil temperature was the main controlling factor over $CO_2$ efflux during most of the study period. Also, precipitation may affect soil $CO_2$ efflux that appeared to be an important factor controlling the efflux rate. Conclusions: Soil $CO_2$ efflux was affected by soil temperature as the dominant control and moisture as the limiting factor. The difference of soil $CO_2$ efflux between of Q. glauca and A. koreana forests was induced by soil temperature to altitude and regional precipitation.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2002

This study was investigated the thermal decomposition characteristics of azo type sponge blowing agent azodicarbonamide(ADCA) using differential scanning calorimeter(DSC). The experimental results showed that the exothermic onset $temperatures(T_{o})$ for ADCA were about $201{\sim}206^{\circ}C$ and evolution heats(Q) were about $144{\sim}150cal/g$. The exothermic onset $temperatures(T_{o})$, exothermic maximum $temperature(T_{m})$ and exothermic final $temperature(T_{f})$ were decreased by decreasing particle size of ADCA and evolution heats(Q) were increased with it. $T_{o}$ and Q for $6.1{\sim}7.2{\mu}m$ ADCA were increased by increasing heating rate at constant sample weight and activation energy was about 37.29kcal/mol. A positive gas pressure was employed in the elucidation of the decomposition behavior of ADCA because it sublimes during linear heating at atmospheric pressure. $T_{o}$ and Q of ADCA tended to increase with a pressure in air or nitrogen. In the case of azo dye, experimental results showed that $T_{o}$ were about $280{\sim}420^{\circ}C$ and Q were about $2{\sim}30cal/g$.